Polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes were prepared from polyethersulfone/N, N-Dimethylacctamide/poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) systems by dry/wet phase inversion process using water as coagulation bath. The effects of coagulation bath temperature and air gap distance on the surface structure, cross section structure and water flux of membranes were discussed. As increasing the temperature of coagulation bath and the air gap distance, the size of the pores at the surface effectively increased, while the finger-like structure under the outer surface changed to a sponge-like structure.

Objective To investigate the distribution and incidence of hyperuricemia for the Zhoushan island residents in Zhe-jiang province and provide scientific advice for health management.Methods The uric acid reports of island residents were analyzed by a retrospective statistical analysis in the Physical Examination Center of the 413 Hospital from October 2013 to October 2015.The patients with metabolic diseases (such as diabetes,chronic renal failure and other people,etc.)were ex-cluded.According to the different gender and different age groups,the average level of uric acid,hyperuricemia occurrence rate and the difference among the groups were performed statistical analyses.The single factor analysis of variance was used by Microsoft 2003 Excel software.Results The average serum uric acid level of 7 310 island residents was 283±82μmol/L and the incidence of hyperuricemia was 21.2%.The incidence of hyperuricemia was 33.6% in 31~40 years group,and the average level of uric acid was 343±86μmol/L and significantly higher than≤30 years group,significant statistic difference were observed.The incidence of hyperuricemia was more than 15% in≥41 years group,significantly higher than≤30 years group.The population of physical examination was concentrated in the 31~40 years group.The hyperuricemia incidence was 27.9% in 5 214 male residents,and the average serum uric acid level was 368±74μmol/L and higher than the female group (P<0.001).The hyperuricemia incidence was as high as 43.1% in 31~40 years group.But the level of average serum uric acid showed no significant difference with≤30 years group(P>0.05).The level of average serum uric acid level was less in≥61 and 41~50 years group than in ≤30 years group (P<0.05),but the hyperuricemia incidence were higher than ≤30 years group.The incidence of hyperuricemia was 4.6% in 2 096 female residents.The level of average serum uric acid was 257±57μmol/L and lower than the male group in all age groups (P<0.001).The incidence of hyperuricemia was 18.6% in≥60 years old and lower than 10% in the other groups.The incidence of hyperuricemia increased gradually with age.Conclu-sion The hyperuricemia incidence in island residents was higher,and higher in male than in female.The occurrence of hype-ruricemia was significantly younger.Therefore,health education,reasonable diet adj ustment,improvement of lifestyle and eating habits etc.Should be conducted for a long time to prevent the occurrence of hyperuricemia and related diseases.

The self—formulated modified“Blood—activating andQi—benefitting Decoction of Fructus Cirri Sarco-dactylis”with heavy dose of Radix Angelica Sinensiswas applied for the treatment of 50 cases of apoplexycomplicated with pseudo—Bulbar paralysis.The totaleffective rate of dysathria was 98% with a 58% abovemarked effect rate,while the total effective rate for-choking and coughing was 98%,with a 94% abovemarkedly effective rate.

Objective: To discuss the surgical method and clinical effect of applying the facial artery perforator-based nasolabial para-nasal advanced flap to repair the medial canthus and inner lower eyelid skin defects. Methods: The advance nasolabial para-nasal perforator flap supplied by facial artery, was used to repair the medial canthus and inner lower eyelid skin defects, caused by dermatoma excision. Results: All 18 flaps completely survived. The detects in the medial canthus andinner lower eyelid, and the donor sites in the nasolabial fold were primary healed.The medial canthus and inner lower eyelid were recovery satisfactorily.The flaps were not bloated, and the contour and texture of flaps were similar to adjacent tissue, with no need of secondary repair.The donor site was successfully hidden in the nasolabial dermatoglyph. Conclusions Nasolabial para-nasal perforator flap is easily obtained, reliable in blood supply, and flexible in transfer. It has a wide range of movement and is easy to advance, so as to repair medial canthus andinner lower eyelid defect. With above advantages, this flap is worthy towidely popularize.

Objective To analyze the differences of coronary artery anomalies between Han and Tibetan nationality living in middle and high altitude.Methods A total of 7 028 adults living in the Qinghai Plateau (1 800-7 720 m altitude),who underwent coronary CT angiography in Qinghai Cardiocerebro-vascular Disease Special Hospital between 2010 to 2015,were included in this study.There were 6 391 cases of the Han nationality and 637 cases of the Tibetan nationality.The differences of coronary artery anomalies between Han and Tibetan nationality were analyzed retrospectively.Results (1) Incidence of coronary artery anomalies was lower in Han nationality than in the Tibetan nationality (1.596％ (102/6 391) vs.4.239％ (27/637),P ＜0.001).(2) There was 64.7％ (66/102) male residents with coronary artery anomalies in Han nationality,and 74.1％ (20/27) male residents with coronary artery anomalies in Tibetan nationality (P =0.359).(3) Left side coronary artery anomalies in Han nationality was similar as in Tibetan nationality (64.4％ (67/104) vs.55.6％ (15/27),P =0.396).(4) Incidence of benign coronary artery anomalies was significantly lower in Han nationality than in Tibetan nationality (0.720％ (46/6 391) vs.2.200％ (14/637),P ＜ 0.001).Incidence of potentially dangerous coronary artery anomalies was also significantly lower in Han nationality than in Tibetan nationality (0.876％ (56/6 391) vs.2.041％ (13/637),P =0.004).(5)Ten kinds of coronary artery anomalies were found in this study.There were significant differences between Han and Tibetan nationality in left coronary artery originated from right coronary sinus(0.046％ (3/6 391) vs.0.471％ (3/637),P =0.012),in left circumflex branch originated from right coronary sinus (0.046％ (3/6 391) vs.0.471％ (3/637),P =0.012),and opening of right coronary artery in left coronary sinus or left anterior descending (0.704％ (45/6 391) vs.1.570％ (10/637),P =0.018).Conclusion The incidences of coronary artery anomalies and benign coronary artery anomalies were significantly lower in Han nationality residents than that of the in Tibetan nationality residents living in middle and high altitude.

Objective To explore the predictive value of artificial intelligence(AI)plaque quantitative analysis combined with CT derived fractional flow reserve(CT-FFR)and pericoronary fat attenuation index(FAI)in coronary heart disease(CHD)in Qinghai.Methods A total of 118 suspected CHD patients were selected,and were divided into a stenosis group(n=76)and a non-stenosis group(n=42)based on whether their vascular stenosis rate was＞50％.The plaque volume,load,CT-FFR value,and pericoronary FAI of the two groups were measured and compared,and their predictive value in CHD was further analyzed.Results The plaque total volume,calcified and non-calcified plaque volume,lipid plaque volume,and corresponding volume load of the stenosis group were significantly higher than those of the non-stenosis group(P＜0.05),the percentage of napkin ring sign and pericoronary FAI were significantly higher than those of the non-stenosis group,and the CT-FFR was significantly lower than that of the non-stenosis group(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis found that the volume load of calcified and lipid plaques,napkin ring sign,CT-FFR,and pericoronary FAI were independent risk factors for CHD(P＜0.05).The combination of AI plaque quantitative analysis,CT-FFR,and pericoronary FAI had high sensitivity and specificity,with high value in CHD diagnosis.Conclusion The combination of AI plaque quantitative analysis,CT-FFR,and pericoronary FAI has high value in the diagnosis of CHD,and may be worthy of clinical promotion application.

OBJECTIVE: To comprehend clinical features and patient's physician visit patterns at onset of immunoglobulin G4 related disease (IgG4RD). METHODS: In the study, 100 patients with IgG4RD who received treatments in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Peking University People's Hospital from Apr. 1st, 2017 to Apr. 1st, 2018 were investigated, including gender, age, height, body weight, age of onset, physician visit history, primary history and how did the disease affected their life, etc. RESULTS: In this 100 IgG4RD cohort (57 males and 43 females), the male/female ratio was 1:0.75, the mean age of onset was (51.51±12.9) years, and the median duration was 49 months (ranging from 4 to 231 months). The onset age of males was significantly older than that of females (P<0.01). The manifestations showed that up to 69% patients had submaxillay glands lesion, 59% patients had lacrimal glands lesion, 28% patients had pancreas involvement and 28% patients had parotid glands involvement. The females had more lacrimal glands involvement (P<0.05). 62% patients were complicated with anaphylactic disease. The primary physician visit departments concentrated upon general surgery department (19/100), oral and maxillofacial surgery department (17/100), rheumatology and immunology department (16/100), ophthalmology department (15/100) and gastroenterology department (10/100). The departments where the confirmed diagnose was made concentrated upon rheumatology department (67/100),oral and maxillofacial surgery department (16/100) and gastroenterology department (7/100). The mean diagnosis duration after 2010 was (16.96±2.163) months, significantly shorter than that before 2010, which was (113.3±11.01) months. Before the definite diagnose was made, 43% patients underwent surgeries and 12% patients had more than one time surgeries. The patients whose first-visit department was a surgery department were more likely to undergo surgeries (P<0.01). 18% patients (18/100) stated that the disease had affected their work. CONCLUSION In this cohort of the IgG4RD patients, female is common and has earlier onset age than male. The major manifestations of IgG4RD are salivary glands, lacrimal glands and pancreas involvement. The common chief complains are salivary glands and lacrimal glands enlargement. Accompanied by anaphylactic disease is a marked manifestation of this disease. Delayed diagnoses are not rare, though this situation has been improved since 2010, and more attention still should be paid to the disease.
Adult ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Female ; Hospitals, Public ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/analysis* ; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease/therapy* ; Lacrimal Apparatus/pathology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Referral and Consultation ; Salivary Glands/pathology*