A lot of clinical trials proved that enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a low-cost ,non-invasive , safe and effective method treating coronary heart disease .The present article made an overview on possible mecha-nism of EECP treating coronary heart disease .

Objective To study the best extraction method for Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza effective component. Methods Several extraction methods for Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza (water decoction, alcohol reflux, ultrasonic extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction) were compared, to optimize the extraction methods by determined of Danshensu and Tanshinone IIA of Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza. Results Supercritical CO2 extraction had high content of effective component of Danshensu and Tanshinone IIA. Conclusion Supercritical CO2 extraction was the best extraction method for Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza. This result would be an experimental proof for pre-processing the preparation of Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza.

Object To establish a method for the assay of myricetin in Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand. Mazz.) W. T. Wang. Methods The determination was carried out with RP HPLC on Nova pak C 18 stainless steel column (150 mm ? 3 9 mm) with methanol∶water (40∶60) as the mobile phase, and detected at a UV wave length of 254 nm. Results The coefficient of variation was 2.763% with average recoveries=97.4%. The minimal detectable limit was 15 ng. Contents of myricetin in different parts of A. grossedentata from Hunan Province varied from 1.57% to 2.17%. Conclusion The method is rapid, simple, accurate and good for the determination of myricetin in A. grossedentata.

Objective To observe the bioactivity of recombinant human scFv antibody against NH-lipopolysaccharide binding protein in vitro and in vivo. Methods KM mice, weighing 20-25 g, were burnt on the back to the third degree covering 20% total body surface area. The mice in only burn group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 ?g/g LPS and those in scFv-treated group with 1 ?g/g LPS and 0.5 ?g/g scFv after burn. The mice without any treatment served as controls. All mice were sacrificed in 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h after all treatment and the whole blood, the tissues of liver, lung and kidney were collected. The serum concentration of TNF-?, IL-6 in burnt mice with endotoxemia was detected by ELISA and the pathological changes of liver, lung and kidney tissues were observed by light microscope. The inhibition of scFv antibody of different concentrations against NH-lipopolysaccharide binding protein on FITC-LPS binding with U937 cells was assayed by FCM. Results The histopathological changes of liver, lung and kidney in mice of scFv-treated group revealed that less inflammatory cell infiltration, less degenerated cells, weaker congestion in tissue as compared with control and only burnt mice. The serum concentration of TNF-? in only burnt mice increased significantly than that of the controls (P

Objective To develop a novel suspension concentrate of niclosamide (SCN) and evaluate its characteristics and molluscicidal effect against Oncomelania snails. Methods Niclosamide was milled by a sand granule mill and mixed with different amounts of wetting agent, dispersant agent, thickener, and water etc., to develop suspension concentrates, and its dispersion, suspensibility and stability were evaluated. According to the results of evaluation the best recipe and quality indexes for producing SCN were selected. The molluscicidal effects against Oncomelania snails were tested under lab condition and in field. Results The novel SCN contained 25% niclosamide (w/w), 1.5%-2.0% wetting agent (RS 3), 4% dispersant (FS 2), 0.10% thickener, a litte of other agent and water. The quality indexes which the SCN reached were as following: the content of niclosamide was more than 25%(w/w); the suspensibal rate was more than 90%; the pH was from 4 to 7; the size of more than 98% granules of niclosamide was smaller than 44?m; the thickener was smaller than 600 mpa.s. The SCN was very stable when it was stored in high or in low temperature. Under lab condition the LC 50 concentrations of SCN by the immersion method for 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.0474 mg/L, 0.0412 mg/L and 0.0412 mg/L respectively while the LC 50 concentrations of 50% wettable powder of niclosamide (WPN) were 0.0947 mg/L, 0.0583 mg/L and 0.0442 mg/L. In the field death rates of the snails sprayed with 2.0 g/(L?m 2 ) of 25% SCN after 3, 7 and 15 days were 95.77%, 99.07%, 97.09% while the death rates of the snails sprayed with 2.0 g/(L?m 2 )of 50% WPN were 97.37%, 95.17% and 97.41%. Conclusion SCN had stable quality and high molluscicidal effect against Oncomelania snails, and it was suitable to be used in the field. The molluscicidal effect using 2.0 g/(L? m 2 ) of 25% SCN was similar with that using 2.0 g/(L?m 2) of 50% WPN.

Objective:To observe influence of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on plasma levels of lipo‐protein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2) and hsCRP in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) ,and preliminarily explore anti -inflammatory mechanism of EECP in prevention and treatment of CHD .Methods :A to‐tal of 85 CHD patients were selected from our hospital ,randomly divided into routine treatment group (n=42) and EECP group [n=43 ,received EECP based on routine treatment ,once/d ,60min each time ,continuous five weeks were regarded as one course (35 times)] .Plasma concentrations of Lp‐PLA2 and hsCRP were measured in all sub‐jects at the enrollment day and after five -week treatment .Results:Compared with before treatment ,after five-week treatment ,there were significant reductions in plasma levels of Lp‐PLA2 [(58.46 ± 40.04)μg/L vs .(33.94 ± 23.22)μg/L] and hsCRP [ (3.54 ± 2.22)μg/ml vs .(2.19 ± 1.16)μg/ml] in EECP group (P<0.01 both) ,and there were no significant difference in routine treatment group between before and after treatment .Compared with routine treatment group ,after five-week treatment ,there were significant reductions in plasma levels of Lp‐PLA2 [ (56.87 ± 33.69)μg/L vs .(33.94 ± 23.22)μg/L] and hsCRP [ (3.63 ± 1.60)μg/ml vs .(2.19 ± 1.16)μg/ml] in EECP group , P<0.01 both .Conclusion:1. EECP of one course can significantly reduce plasma concentrations of Lp‐PLA2 and hsCRP in CHD patients , indicating that anti - inflammatory may be one of its mechanism in preven‐tion and treatment of CHD .

Objective:To explore the relationship among plasma level of lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2) ,ankle brachial index (ABI) ,brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods :According to results of coronary angiography ,a total of 120 patients with suspected or diagnosed CHD were divided into CHD group (n=90) and non‐CHD group (n=30) .CHD group was further divided into sin‐gle vessel coronary disease group (single vessel group ,n=30) ,double‐vessel coronary disease group (double‐vessel group ,n=30) and multi‐vessel coronary disease group (multi‐vessel group ,n= 30) .Plasma Lp‐PLA2 level ,ABI and baPWV were measured and compared among all groups .Results:Compared with non‐CHD group ,there were significant rise in plasma Lp‐PLA2 level [ (23.60 ± 13.33)μg/L vs .(36.65 ± 17.24)μg/L] and baPWV [ (1244.27 ± 127.85) cm/s vs .(1753.08 ± 284.32) cm/s] in CHD group ,P<0.01 both .In CHD group ,compared with single vessel group ,plasma Lp‐PLA2 level significantly rose [ (25.81 ± 8.97)μg/L vs .(35.03 ± 9.80)μg/L vs .(49.13 ± 21.22)μg/L] in double‐vessel group and multi‐vessel group ,and that of multi‐vessel group was significantly higher than that of double‐vessel group ( P<0.05 or <0.01 );baPWV significantly rose [ (1579.77 ± 178.05 ) cm/s vs . (1808.07 ± 272.11) cm/s ,(1871.40 ± 306.03) cm/s] in double‐vessel group and multi‐vessel group , P<0.01 both . ABI of single vessel group and double‐vessel group were significantly higher than that of multi‐vessle group [ (1.19 ± 0.08) ,(1.17 ± 0.07) vs .(1.11 ± 0.15)] ,P<0.01 or <0.05 .Conclusion:Plasma Lp‐PLA2 level ,ABI and baP‐WV are related to CHD and its lesion degree ,combined measurement of these three indexes can predict CHD and its severity more accurately ,then preventing and treating CHD should be more effective .

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in treatment of patients with T1b renal carcinoma.Methods Fourteen patients (11 males and 3 females) with T1b renal carcinoma were retrospectively performed.The age of patients was (54.5 ± 9.2)years old,with 8 cases on the left side and 6 cases on the right side.Tumor diameter was (5.1±1.3) cm.All the patients received retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Results None of the 14 cases was converted to open surgery.The operation time was (112.0 ± 24.7) min,the intraoperative blood loss was (64.6 ± 15.9) ml,the warm ischemia time was (26.5 ± 9.3) min.The 14 patients were not blood transfusion in intraoperative and postoperative.Postoperative negative pressure drainage placement time was (3.1 ± 1.5)d,lying in bed time was 72 h.Serum creatinine increase was found in 1 case postoperative 12 h,others were no severe complications.Postoperative pathology:the incisal margin of 14 cases were all negative,clear cell carcinoma was in 13 cases,the pathology stage was T1bNoM0;angiomyolipoma of kidney was in 1 case.All the patients were follow-up 3-16 (21.4 ± 9.6) months,all the patients had normal renal function and had no tumor recurrence or metastasis.Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is safe and reliable for treatment of patients with T1b renal carcinoma.

Objective To observe the protective effect of recombinant human endotoxin binding peptide (EBP) on a rat model of burn combined with endotoxemia. Methods A total of 78 rats of model of burn combined with endotoxemia were divided into three groups: model group ( n =36), treatment group ( n =36), and control group ( n =6). Rats in the model group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg endotoxin (prepared with 1 ml saline) immediately after burn. After intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg endotoxin (prepared with 0.5 ml saline), rats in the treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with EBP (prepared with 0.5 ml saline). Blood and liver and lung tissues of rats in the model and treatment groups were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after treatment. Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 ml saline after trichomadesis. Blood and liver and lung tissues of rats in the control group were collected for the total control. The changes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), TNF ?, and IL 6 contents in serum were determined by biochemical velocity analysis, ELISA, and light microscopy. The pathological changes of the liver and lung tissues were observed light microscopically and electron microscopically. Results The serum TNF ? level of rats in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control at 1 h after injury ( P