ObjectiveTo explore the pharmacological mechanism involved in the treatment of allergic cough （AC） by Xiaoer Huatan Zhike granules （XEHT） based on proteomics and network pharmacology. MethodsAfter sensitization by intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL suspension containing 2 mg ovalbumin （OVA） and 100 mg aluminum hydroxide， a guinea pig model of allergic cough was constructed by nebulization with 1% OVA. The modeled guinea pigs were randomized into the model， low-， medium- and high-dose （1， 5， 20 g·kg^-1， respectively） XEHT， and sodium montelukast （1 mg·kg^-1） groups （n=6）， and another 6 guinea pigs were selected as the blank group. The guinea pigs in drug administration groups were administrated with the corresponding drugs by gavage， and those in the blank and model groups received the same volume of normal saline by gavage， 1 time·d^-1. After 10 consecutive days of drug administration， the guinea pigs were stimulated by 1% OVA nebulization， and the coughs were observed. The pathological changes in the lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the levels of C-reactive protein （CRP）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， and malondialdehyde （MDA） in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and immunoglobulin G （IgG） and immunoglobulin A （IgA） in the serum. Immunohistochemistry （IHC） was employed to observe the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the lung tissue. Transmission electron microscopy was employed observe the alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cell ultrastructure. Real-time PCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of IL-6， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and TNF-α in the lung tissue. Label-free proteomics was used to detect the differential proteins among groups. Network pharmacology was used to predict the targets of XEHT in treating AC. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis was performed to search for the same pathways from the results of proteomics and network pharmacology. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group showed increased coughs （P<0.01）， elevated levels of CRP， TNF-α， IL-6， and MDA and lowered level of SOD in the BALF （P<0.05， P<0.01）， elevated levels of IgA and IgG in the serum （P<0.05， P<0.01）， congestion of the lung tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells， increased expression of IL-6 and TNF-α （P<0.01）， large areas of low electron density edema in type Ⅱ epithelial cells， obvious swelling and vacuolization of the organelles， karyopyknosis or sparse and dissolved chromatin， and up-regulated mRNA levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the drug administration groups showed reduced coughs （P<0.01）， lowered levels of CRP， TNF-α， IL-6， and MDA and elevated level of SOD in the BALF （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alleviated lung tissue congestion， inflammatory cell infiltration， and type Ⅱ epithelial cell injury， and decreased expression of IL-6 and TNF-α （P<0.01）. In addition， the medium-dose XEHT group and the montelukast sodium group showcased lowered serum levels of IgA and IgG （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The medium- and high-dose XEHT groups and the montelukast sodium showed down-regulated mRNA levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α and the low-dose XEHT group showed down-regulated mRNA levels of IL-6 and TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Phospholipase D， mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）， and epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinase （ErbB） signaling pathways were the common pathways predicted by both proteomics and network pharmacology. ConclusionProteomics combined with network pharmacology reveal that XEHT can ameliorate AC by regulating the phospholipase D， mTOR， and ErbB signaling pathways.

The advancement of tissue clearing technology has significantly propelled neuroscience research. Nevertheless, the fluorescent proteins used in traditional transgenic mouse strains were not specifically optimized for tissue clearing procedures, resulting in a substantial decrease in fluorescent intensity after clearing. In this study, we developed the Ci1 reporter mouse strain (where Ci stands for the Chinese Institute for Brain Research, CIBR) based on the bright red fluorescent protein mScarlet. The Ci1 reporter exhibits no fluorescence leakage in various organs or tissue types and can be readily crossed with multiple tissue-specific Cre lines. Compared to the Ai14 mouse strain, the Ci1 reporter strain demonstrates lower non-specific leakage, stronger fluorescence intensity in different tissues, and better preservation of fluorescence following tissue clearing treatment. The creation of the Ci1 reporter provides a more effective tool for both neuroscience and other biomedical research applications.
Animals ; Luminescent Proteins/metabolism* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mice ; Red Fluorescent Protein ; Brain/metabolism* ; Genes, Reporter ; Fluorescence

Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness of anastomosis fixation method of lifting the suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) and fixing with the orbital septum and fat to correct eyelid bags with tear trough deformity.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients treated at Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) from January 2019 to January 2021. The patients underwent lower eyelid blepharoplasty via a sub-lower eyelid skin approach. During the surgery, the SOOF was lifted and fixed with the orbital septum and fat, correcting the eye bags, filling the tear troughs, and lifting the midface. Postoperative observations included incision healing and complications. The correction of eye bags, tear troughs, and midface sagging was followed up. Adobe Photoshop CS6 software was used to measure the vertical distance from the nasolabial and buccal fat prominent point to the lower eyelid margin before surgery and at the last follow-up to evaluate the correction of midface sagging. Data were expressed as Mean ± SD, and pre- and post-operative comparisons were analyzed using paired t-test, with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance. Patients’ and nurses’ satisfaction evaluations of surgical outcomes were classified into three levels: satisfied, basically satisfied, and dissatisfied, requiring consensus between the two evaluators. Results:A total of 132 patients (264 eyes) were included, consisting of 23 males and 109 females, with an average age of (50.3±6.0) years. Hirmand tear trough classification included 178 type Ⅱeyes and 86 type Ⅲ eyes. Postoperative wound healing was well, with no hematoma, infection, diplopia, corneal foreign body sensation, and discomfort from external eye corner tightness. Follow-up ranged from 6-12 months, with 252 out of 264 eye bags disappeared and 12 eye bags reduced. Among the 86 type Ⅲ tear trough eyes, 10 improved to type Ⅰ, while the remaining 76 type Ⅲ and 178 type Ⅱ tear troughs disappeared postoperatively. All 264 midface sagging cases showed improvement, with the vertical distance from the nasolabial fat prominence point to the lower eyelid margin significantly shortening postoperatively [(29.23±1.58) mm vs. (34.08±3.23) mm, t=22.88, P<0.001)]. Satisfaction evaluation result showed 118 cases were satisfied (satisfaction rate of 89.4%), and 14 cases were basically satisfied. Conclusion:The anastomosis fixation method of lifting the SOOF and fixing with the orbital septum and fat effectively removes eyelid bags, smooths tear troughs, and lifts the midface, achieving a rejuvenated appearance and renders a high patient satisfaction rate.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness of anastomosis fixation method of lifting the suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) and fixing with the orbital septum and fat to correct eyelid bags with tear trough deformity.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients treated at Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) from January 2019 to January 2021. The patients underwent lower eyelid blepharoplasty via a sub-lower eyelid skin approach. During the surgery, the SOOF was lifted and fixed with the orbital septum and fat, correcting the eye bags, filling the tear troughs, and lifting the midface. Postoperative observations included incision healing and complications. The correction of eye bags, tear troughs, and midface sagging was followed up. Adobe Photoshop CS6 software was used to measure the vertical distance from the nasolabial and buccal fat prominent point to the lower eyelid margin before surgery and at the last follow-up to evaluate the correction of midface sagging. Data were expressed as Mean ± SD, and pre- and post-operative comparisons were analyzed using paired t-test, with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance. Patients’ and nurses’ satisfaction evaluations of surgical outcomes were classified into three levels: satisfied, basically satisfied, and dissatisfied, requiring consensus between the two evaluators. Results:A total of 132 patients (264 eyes) were included, consisting of 23 males and 109 females, with an average age of (50.3±6.0) years. Hirmand tear trough classification included 178 type Ⅱeyes and 86 type Ⅲ eyes. Postoperative wound healing was well, with no hematoma, infection, diplopia, corneal foreign body sensation, and discomfort from external eye corner tightness. Follow-up ranged from 6-12 months, with 252 out of 264 eye bags disappeared and 12 eye bags reduced. Among the 86 type Ⅲ tear trough eyes, 10 improved to type Ⅰ, while the remaining 76 type Ⅲ and 178 type Ⅱ tear troughs disappeared postoperatively. All 264 midface sagging cases showed improvement, with the vertical distance from the nasolabial fat prominence point to the lower eyelid margin significantly shortening postoperatively [(29.23±1.58) mm vs. (34.08±3.23) mm, t=22.88, P<0.001)]. Satisfaction evaluation result showed 118 cases were satisfied (satisfaction rate of 89.4%), and 14 cases were basically satisfied. Conclusion:The anastomosis fixation method of lifting the SOOF and fixing with the orbital septum and fat effectively removes eyelid bags, smooths tear troughs, and lifts the midface, achieving a rejuvenated appearance and renders a high patient satisfaction rate.

Objective:To investigate the application of virtual reality (VR) technology on intraoperative pain in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related procedures with local infiltration anesthesia and the satisfaction.Methods:It was a single-center, prospective, concurrent controlled study. Patients were divided into two groups: VR group and control group. In the VR group, patients wore a VR headset to watch soothing audio and video content during surgery, while the control group underwent routine procedures. Intraoperative pain and satisfaction were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and a 5-point satisfaction scale within 30 minutes of surgery. In addition, tolerance of the VR experience in the VR group was assessed using the VR sickness questionnaire.Results:A total of 43 patients were included in the study, including 25 males (58.1%). Chronic glomerulonephritis [17 cases (39.5%)] and diabetic nephropathy [6 cases (14.0%)] were the main primary diseases. There were 23 cases in the control group and 20 cases in the VR group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, sex ratio, proportion of primary disease, diabetes, hypertension, distribution of operation methods, preoperative vital signs and operation time (all P>0.05). VAS pain score was significantly lower in the VR group than that in the control group (5.90±2.38 vs. 7.43±1.67, t=2.469, P=0.018). The percentage of patients who were satisfied was 89.5% (17/19) in the VR group and 78.3% (18/23) in the control group, but there was no significant difference (chi-square test for continuity correction, χ2=0.308, P=0.579). Three patients in the VR group withdrew from the study due to severe discomfort, while the remaining participants found the VR experience to be tolerable. Common adverse effects included fatigue and blurred vision. Conclusions:The application of VR technology in PD-related procedures has been effective in reducing intraoperative pain when combined with local infiltration anesthesia. Furthermore, the utilization of VR technology in PD-related procedures is associated with a safe and tolerable outcome, despite the observation of some adverse effects.

Objective To predict the potential mechanism of Yifei Sanjie prescription in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma based on network pharmacology,and to verify one of the key signal pathways,Janus protein tyrosine kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),by cell experiments in vitro.Methods To screen the main active components and potential action targets of Yifei Sanjie prescription,with traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacological database(TCMSP).To search and retrieve the main targets of lung adenocarcinoma,with human genetic database(GeneCards)and online human Mendelian genetic database(OMIM).To obtain the intersection targets by screening and apply Wayne diagram,then analysis the topology and establish the traditional Chinese medicine-active compound-target network diagram by using of Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.To construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,with the protein-protein interaction platform(STRING)and Cytoscape3.7.2 software.To analyze the functional enrichment of gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG),with the Metascape database.To carry out the molecular docking verification by using of Vina1.2.3 software.Using CCK-8 method to detect the effect of Yifei Sanjie prescription on cell activity.Using the cell scratch test to observe the effect on cell migration.And using Western blot method to test the expression of p-STAT3,STAT3,p-JAK2,JAK2 and VEGF-A.Results 94 active components,329 related drug targets and 1358 lung adenocarcinoma targets were obtained from Yifei Sanjie prescription,among which,150 of them intersected.PPI network visualization analysis shows that the potential key targets of Yifei Sanjie prescription in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma are protein kinase B1(AKT1),β-actin(ACTB),tumor suppressor gene p53(TP53),serum albumin(ALB),caspase-3(CASP3)and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA).KEGG enrichment analysis screened 138 related signal pathways,indicating that JAK/STAT signaling pathway may play a key role in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with Yifei Sanjie prescription.Molecular docking results showed that quercetin,luteolin,and ursolic acid had good binding activities with JAK2 and STAT3.The cell experiment showed that compared with the blank group,Yifei Sanjie prescription could significantly inhibit the activity of A549 cells,inhibit the migration of A549 cells,and decrease the expression of p-JAK2/JAK2,p-STAT3/STAT3 and VEGF-A protein.In addition,Colivelin,an activator of JAK2/STAT3 pathway,could reverse the effect of Yifei Sanjie prescription on the expression of A549 related proteins.Conclusion Yifei Sanjie prescription has the characteristics of multi-component,multi target and multi pathway in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma,and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of p-JAK2,p-STAT3 and VEGF-A protein expression,thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and migration.

With the gradual maturity of renal replacement therapy technology, prolonging life span and improving quality of life of patients with uremia have become the ultimate management goals. In recent years, many studies at home and abroad have suggested that hypomagnesemia has an adverse effect on the prognosis of dialysis patients, which may be related to an increased risk of death. We understand the correlation between blood magnesium and blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, bone metabolism and vascular calcification, point out that blood magnesium may become one of the control indicators to reduce the mortality of dialysis patients, and explore its new clinical application.

Purpose: Whether craniospinal irradiation (CSI) could be replaced by limited-field radiation in non-metastatic bifocal germinoma remains controversial. We addressed the issue based on the data from our series and the literature. Methods: Data from 49 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic bifocal germinoma at our hospital during the last 10 years were collected. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 was used to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Additionally, 81 patients identified from the literature were also analyzed independently. Results: In our cohort, 34 patients had tumors in the sellar/suprasellar (S/SS) plus pineal gland (PG) regions and 15 in the S/SS plus basal ganglia/thalamus (BG/T) regions. The median follow-up period was 52 months (range, 10 to 134 months). Our survival analysis showed that patients treated with CSI (n=12) or whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT; n=34) had comparable disease-free survival (DFS; p=0.540), but better DFS than those treated with focal radiotherapy (FR; n=3, p=0.016). All 81 patients from the literature had tumors in the S/SS+PG regions. Relapses were documented in 4/45 patients treated with FR, 2/17 treated with whole-ventricle irradiation, 0/4 treated with WBRT, and 1/15 treated with CSI. Survival analysis did not reveal DFS differences between the types of radiation field (p=0.785). HRQOL analysis (n=44) in our cohort found that, compared with S/SS+PG germinoma, patients with BG/T involvement had significantly lower scores in social and school domains. However, HRQOL difference between patients treated with CSI and those not treated with CSI was not significant. Conclusion In patients with non-metastatic bifocal germinoma, it is rational that CSI could be replaced by limited-field radiation. HRQOL in patients with BG/T involvement was poorer.