Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a type of autoimmune encephalitis that causes characteristic symptoms through the formation of antibodies against NMDA receptors. If ovarian teratomas are detected, surgical removal under general anesthesia is often considered. Many general anesthetic agents inhibit NMDA receptors. As such, anesthetic agents may have unexpected effects on disease progression. For anesthesiologists, providing general anesthesia for these patients is challenging and there are few studies on which anesthetic is most appropriate Case: Two female patients were diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and ovarian teratomas. Successful teratoma resection was performed under general anesthesia using remimazolam and remifentanil. After the surgery, one patient showed some improvement but died a month later. The other patient progressively improved over time. Conclusions Remimazolam and remifentanil are useful general anesthetic agents for patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Further studies are warranted.

The Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe manifestation of erythema multiforme associated with multisystem involvement. It is extremely unusual for patients with this syndrome to present with indications for eye surgery. Respiratory tract involvement can make the management of the airway and tracheal intubation difficult. We describe herein the perioperative management of a patient with this disease who underwent surgery for amniotic membrane transplantation.