No abstract available.
Mediastinoscopy*

To evaluate the degree of competitive exclusion against Salmonella gallinarum(S. gallinarum) of Salmonella enteritidis(S. enteritidis) infected chickens, fifty-six, 4-week old Hyline layer suspected of S. enteritidis infection were challenged with S. gallinarum. All chickens were tested for S. enteritidis isolation using cloacal swabs and serum plate agglutination test using S. enteritidis Ag. before challenge and classified into four groups(SE isolated, SE nonisolated, SE seropositive and SE seronegative). None of the SE isolated and the SE seropositive groups died after challenge and the average weight gains were 245.5g and 254.6g, respectively. But in the SE nonisolated and the SE seronegative groups, mortality was 18.2% and 20.6% and the average weight gains were 150.1g and 111.2g. The incidence of reisolation of S. gallinarum of the SE isolated and the SE seropositive groups were 41.7% and 47.6% from liver, 33.3% and 47.6% from spleen and 8.3% and 14.3% from cecum, respectively, and the SE nonisolated and the SE seronegative group were 63.6% and 64.7% from liver, 84.1% and 88.2% from spleen and 47.7% and 52.9% from cecum. The serological response of the SE isolated and the SE seropositive groups hardly changed from 75.0 and 81.8% before challenge to 75.0 and 85.7% after. But, the other two groups were found to be significantly higher after challenge and increased from 0 and 18.2% to 100%. Consequently, S. enteritidis preinfected chickens were found to be significant different in terms of mortality, weight gain, reisolation of S. gallinarum and serological response compared to noninfected chickens. Moreover, our study shows that S. enteritidis infected chickens appear strong competitive exclusion against the colonization of S. gallinarum.
Animals ; Chickens ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Korea/epidemiology ; Oviposition ; Poultry Diseases/*microbiology ; Salmonella/*classification/*isolation & purification ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/*microbiology ; Salmonella enteritidis/*classification/*isolation & purification ; Serotyping ; Weight Gain

No abstract avaiable.
Glucose* ; Homeostasis*

A substantial, immediate healthcare burden for screening of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is created when large-scale outbreaks occur. There have been a series of measures to strengthen the screening process through robust public-private partnerships between Hanam City Public Health Center (PHC), the local medical association, and central/provincial government. A partnership between PHC and the local physician’s group in Hanam City established the Respiratory Clinic. The PHC provided the infrastructure for the Respiratory Clinic including medical facilities, supplies (i.e. personal protective equipment), and administrative support. A total of 11 registered physicians from the local physicians group agreed to participate in clinical service provided at the Respiratory Clinic. Any citizens with COVID-19 suspected respiratory symptoms call the COVID-19 hotline and visit the Respiratory Clinic if required. Responding to COVID-19 outbreaks will be a continual process, and the screening system is essential support to public health interventions, and crucial in the response to a surge in COVID-19 cases.

Acute airway obstruction after anterior cervical surgery is rare, but does occur. Airway obstruction due to prevertebral soft tissue swelling is unpredictable, but potentially lethal. We managed a 67-year-old male who developed acute airway obstruction caused by marked prevertebral soft tissue swelling on the first day after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion at the C4-C5 level.
Aged ; Airway Obstruction ; Diskectomy ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Blood Transfusion, Autologous*

OBJECTIVES: The effects of superovulation on the expression of mRNA and protein of TIMP-3 and MMP-9 in murine endometrium were assessed. METHODS: Using murine pregnant uteri of gestation day (g.d.) 4, 5 and 6 after injection of PMSG 5 and 10 IU, the effects of superovulation were assessed and compared with those of natural pregnancy and pseudopregnancy groups using quantitative competitive RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Expression of TIMP-3 mRNA and protein showed an increase in PMSG groups and pseudopregnancy group, while there was no difference in MMP-9 expression between natural pregnancy and PMSG, pseudopregnancy groups on g.d. 4 through g.d. 6. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that ovarian hyperstimulation by gonadotropin, which produces many oocytes and embryos, may have a detrimental effect on embryonic implantation and its relevant endometrial remodeling process by increase in expression of TIMP-3 in murine endometrium.
Animals ; Embryonic Structures ; Endometrium* ; Female ; Gonadotropins ; Mice ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pseudopregnancy ; RNA, Messenger ; Superovulation* ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 ; Uterus

BACKGROUND: The effective ventricular function during ejection and filling is likely to depend on the coordinated action of the longitudinally and circumferentially orientated myocardial fibers and the function of these longitudinal fibers has not been extensively studied. METHODS: The role of longitudinally and circumferentially orientated fibers in left ventricular wall motion was evaluated by M-mode echocardiograms of the mitral ring(whose motion reflect long axis change) and the standard minor axis(left ventricular posterior wall), simultaneous recordings of phonocardiograms and electrocardiograms on the paper (speed 100mm/sec), in 24 healty individuals, 17 patients with mitral stenosis, 11 patients with open mitral commissurotomy and 17 mitral valve replaced patients. RESULTS: In the controls long axis shortening significantly preceded minor axis shortening (phase difference between two axes : 20+/-3 msec, mean+/-SEM) during early systole, indicating left ventricle become more spherical. This phase difference was also observed in the patients with mitral stenosis and in those with open mitral commissurotomy. In patients with mitral valve replacement(MVR) whose papillary muscles had been sectioned, the onset of long axis shortening was more delayed during early systole than that of short axis(-33+/-6msec) and the end of shortening was also prolonged to early diastole more than that of normal controls (54+/-3 msec vs 90+/-8 msec, mean+/-SEM, p<0.01 by t-test). CONCLUSION: We observed the time relations between long and short axis motion in normal controls. It can be concluded that the reversed time relation in patients with MVR is one of the important factors which may effect negatively on ventricular function and long-term prognosis, thus the surgical procedures to preserve papillary annular continuity should be considered in patients with mitral valvular disease. And the controlled, prospective, clinical trials with homogenous groups of patients are needed to evaluate the potential benefits of papillary annular continuity in preserving atrio-ventricular interaction in patients undergoing mitral valvular surgery.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Diastole ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Valve Diseases* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Papillary Muscles ; Prognosis ; Systole ; Ventricular Function

PURPOSE: Clinical and pathological prognostic factors of idiopathic IgA nephropathy have been reported, but mostly in adults and a few in children. Especially studies about correlation between those factors are very rare. METHODS: We studied 58 children patients who were hospitalized to our clinics and diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy from Jan. 1989 to Jun 1996. They got divided into several clinical groups, which are heavy proteinuria group (group A), asymptomatic urinary abnormalities group proteinuria and/or microscopic hematuria (group B), and recurrent gross hematuria group (group C). They are also divided into younger group (younger than 10 years of age) and older group (older than 10 years og age). We compared their pathological findings of bad prognosis, if they have, in different clinical groups. RESULTS: Group A had most pathological factors of bad prognosis such as higher Meadow grade, crescent formation, necrosis, glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, two or more kinds of immune deposit except IgA, high frequency of electron dense deposits of glomerular capillary wall. Group B treded to have some poor prognostic factors such as tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. in terms of age groups, older group was more apt to be heavily proteinuric than younger group, have such pathological factors of poor prognosis that group A had. CONCLUSION: Heavy proteinuria and relative old age in childhood IgA nephropathy, considered clinically poor prognostic, appears significantly correlated with pathologically poor prognostic factors.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Capillaries ; Child* ; Fibrosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Necrosis ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria

PURPOSE: Clinical and pathological prognostic factors of idiopathic IgA nephropathy have been reported, but mostly in adults and a few in children. Especially studies about correlation between those factors are very rare. METHODS: We studied 58 children patients who were hospitalized to our clinics and diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy from Jan. 1989 to Jun 1996. They got divided into several clinical groups, which are heavy proteinuria group (group A), asymptomatic urinary abnormalities group proteinuria and/or microscopic hematuria (group B), and recurrent gross hematuria group (group C). They are also divided into younger group (younger than 10 years of age) and older group (older than 10 years og age). We compared their pathological findings of bad prognosis, if they have, in different clinical groups. RESULTS: Group A had most pathological factors of bad prognosis such as higher Meadow grade, crescent formation, necrosis, glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, two or more kinds of immune deposit except IgA, high frequency of electron dense deposits of glomerular capillary wall. Group B treded to have some poor prognostic factors such as tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. in terms of age groups, older group was more apt to be heavily proteinuric than younger group, have such pathological factors of poor prognosis that group A had. CONCLUSION: Heavy proteinuria and relative old age in childhood IgA nephropathy, considered clinically poor prognostic, appears significantly correlated with pathologically poor prognostic factors.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Capillaries ; Child* ; Fibrosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Necrosis ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria