No abstract available.
Humans ; Sarcoptes scabiei ; Scabies*

Purpose: To analyze eye drop instillation by glaucoma patients using video-recording. Methods: Glaucoma patients who had applied eye drops to both eyes for more than 1 month were enrolled. Patients who did not self-instill eye drops, those with best-corrected visual acuities of 0.01 or less, and patients requiring glaucoma surgery, were excluded. The patients were requested to instill their eye drops as usual, and this was video-recorded. Patients completed questionnaires exploring their usual instillation methods and the videos were viewed. The correctness of instillation (10 steps) was evaluated. We used the survey and imaging data to explore whether each step was performed correctly, and whether the patients were conscious of their instillation behaviors. We explored whether the survey responses and the video data were consistent. Results: Fifty-four patients were enrolled. Of the 10 steps, washing hands before instillation (9.3%), blocking the tear duct (9.3%), gently shaking the bottle (11.1%), and wiping away excessive eye drops with tissue (11.1%) were the steps that were most commonly poorly performed (as revealed by the videos). The mismatches between the survey and actual performances were greatest in the following order: Wiping away excessive eye drops with tissue (66.7%), delivering a single drop accurately into the eye (59.3%), and closing the eye to allow of absorption (57.4%). Conclusions Great proportion of glaucoma patients instill eye drops incorrectly revealed by video recording. Careful education on how to instill eye drops is required. It may be difficult to detect problems regarding eye drop instillation only by asking questions.

Purpose: To report treatment failure of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii keratitis in a patient wearing contact lenses for a long time.Case summary: A 48-year-old man using daytime soft lenses for 20 years was transferred due to decreased visual acuity and eye pain. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy showed a large corneal epithelial defect and stromal infiltration, but no hypopyon. Treatment was initiated with moxifloxacin, polyhexamethylene biguanide eye drops, and oral antibiotics. Corneal infiltration worsened, corneal scrapings and culture were performed. Gram staining showed Gram-positive bacteria, potassium hydroxide (KOH) hyphae-positive, and culture yielded Bacillus. He was hospitalized and vancomycin, voriconazole, and amphotericin B eye drops were administered. Oral antifungal agents were also prescribed. The corneal epithelial defect was restored from temporal side for a while, and then deteriorated with an endothelial plaque. Therefore, voriconazole and amphotericin B were injected intracamerally. All four repeated culture tests were negative. Despite total conjunctival flap, the patient complained of severe pain and eventually underwent evisceration. In the culture of intraocular contents, Acinetobacter baumannii, which is resistant to all drugs except minocycline, was detected. Conclusions In patients wearing contact lens for a long time, not only mixed infection with acanthamoeba and fungi, but also gram-negative bacteria should be considered first, and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii should also be considered.

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVES: The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, version 6.0 (EDE-Q version 6.0) and the Clinical Impairment Assessment Questionnaire (CIA) measure attitudes and behavioral features of eating disorders and impairments secondary to eating disorders, respectively. The aims of this study were to examine the reliability and the validity of the Korean versions of the EDE-Q version 6.0 and the CIA. METHODS: Four hundred nineteen participants (370 female university students and 49 women with eating disorders) completed the EDE-Q version 6.0, the CIA, the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Weight Concern Scale (WCS). RESULTS: Excellent internal consistencies were obtained for the EDE-Q version 6.0 (Cronbach's α=0.92) and the CIA (Cronbach's α=0.91). Exploratory factor analysis of CIA extracted the 3 factors of personal, social, and cognitive impairments, as the original CIA had. The EDE-Q version 6.0 and the CIA were well correlated with the BSQ and the WCS, in respect to their contextually concordant variables. Patients with eating disorders had higher scores both in the EDE-Q 6.0 and the CIA than university women had, supporting good discriminant validity. CONCLUSIONS: The EDE-Q version 6.0 and the Korean versions of the CIA had adequate reliability and validity. These data will help clinicians and researchers to use the EDE-Q and the CIA in diagnosis, prevention and intervention of eating disorders in Korea.
Cognition Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Reproducibility of Results

BACKGROUND: Excessive iodine intake increases the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disorders by enhancing immunogenecity of iodine-rich thyroglobulin, In Korea, most of postpartum women take a large amount of iodine-rich seaweed. Although the excessive iodine intake may affect the thyroid function, only a few reports were available concering iodine intake, especially on postpartum period. METHODS: A prospective study was undertaken in 146 of normal delivered postpartum women. Dietary intake and urinary excretion of iodine, serum T3, T4, TSH, anti-TPO Ab and anti-Tg Ab were measured before and 1, 6, 12 and 24 weeks after delivery. Iodine intake was analyzed by one-to-one interview using 24hr recall and food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: 1. PPT was occurred in 6 (10.3%) postparturn women, It presented as hypothyroidism alone in 1 (16.7%), transient thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyroidisrn in 3 (50.0%), and thyrotoxicosis alone in 2 (33.3%) of the follwed-up patients. 2. During pregnancy, no difference was found in age, serum T3, T4 and TSH between PPT and normal thyroid function group. 3. In PPT group, anti-TPO and anti-Tg Ab were significantly higher than those of normal thyroid function group during pregnancy, and their sensitivity for PPT was 40% and 33%, respectively. But there was no correlation between dietary iodine intake and the titer of thyroid auto-antibodies. 4. There was no correlation between pre and post-partum dietary iodine intake and occurrence of PPT. CONCLUSION: In Korea, the incidence of PPT was slightly higher than other nations. The sensitivity of thyroid auto-antibodies was too low to use for prediction of PPT. Pre and post-partum iodine intake had no effect on the occurrence of PPT and post-partum thyroid function.
Female ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Iodine ; Korea ; Postpartum Period ; Postpartum Thyroiditis* ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seaweed ; Thyroglobulin ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyrotoxicosis

Purpose: To report a case of recurrent optic neuritis with uveitis in a patient with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)- associated disease.Case summary: A 16-year-old female presented with left eye hyperemia, glare, and headache. The best corrected visual acuity was 1.2 in both eyes with a left relative afferent pupillary defect. Cells in the anterior chamber, optic disc edema, and subretinal fluid were present, and the distal optic nerve was enhanced on orbital magnetic resonance imaging. Although it improved with steroid treatment, it recurred 3 times in 9 months. At the second recurrence, her visual acuity was reduced to light perception, but she responded well to steroids. During the third recurrence, she visited our hospital for the first time and improved with steroid treatment. However, 18 months after treatment, optic neuritis, uveitis, and macular edema occurred, so oral steroids and eye drops were maintained. Serum anti-MOG antibody came out positive, and at the last visit, visual acuity of 1.2 in the left eye and visual function were maintained well. Conclusions MOG antibody disease (MOGAD) frequently recurs and invades various structures of the eye and various clinical manifestations have been reported. Therefore, if optic neuritis is accompanied by inflammation of the anterior chamber and retinal vessels, the possibility of MOGAD should be considered.

BACKGROUND: Recently, the prevalence of colorectal cancer related with metabolic syndrome is increasing in Korea. The aim of this study was to reveal a relationship between components of metabolic syndrome and the development of colon polyp. METHODS: Among the subjects who visited a health promotion center of one university hospital and underwent colonoscopic examination from February 2010 to February 2011, a total of 1,630 (males 1,156, females 474) asymptomatic adults were included for the study. Sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol levels and the presence of colorectal polyps were measured. Alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was defined by criteria of 2004 American Heart Association/Updated NCEP Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS: The prevalence of colon polyps and metabolic syndrome was 21.7% and 16.0% respectively among study subjects. After adjustment for sex and age, metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR]=1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.82, P=0.031) and waist circumference (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, P=0.009) were associated with increased risk of colorectal polyps. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome and waist circumference were associated with increased risk of colon polyps in asymptomatic Korean adults.
Adult* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cholesterol ; Colon* ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Fasting ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Heart ; Humans ; Korea ; Polyps* ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Envelope glycoprotein 1 (G1) and glycoprotein 2 (G2) of Hantaan (HTN) virus are believed to be major viral antigens that can induce neutralizing immunity against HTN virus infection. The purpose of this study is to clone and express G1 gene in an E. coli expression system. The truncated G1 gene (amino acid residues 35 to 123) of the HTN virus strain 76-118 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The 0.28 kb PCR product was cloned into pCR2.1 vector and named as pCGS1. The truncated G1 gene was excised from the pCGS1 and subcloned into the BamHI and SalI sites of pGEX-4T-2 and named pGGS1. The nucleotide sequence of the 0.28 kb truncated G1 gene was determined. It is revealed four non-silent nucleotide substitutions between the published sequence of strain HTN virus strain 76-118 and our stock of HTN virus strain 76-118 (passaged several times in our laboratory). The first G1 mutation was found to constitute an A to G nucleotide substitution, giving raise to an asparagine to serine mutation at residue 64. The second G1 mutation was found to constitute an A to C nucleotide substitution, giving raise to an lysine to threonine mutation at residue 112. The third G1 mutation was found to constitute an A to C nucleotide substitution, giving raise to an lysine to threonine mutation at residue 112. The fourth G1 mutation was found to constitute an G to A nucleotide substitution, giving raise to an glutamic acid to lysine mutation at residue 117. The truncated G1 gene was expressed as a 37 kDa protein fused to glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The GST fusion protein was purified by Glutathione Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography and reacted with the sera from patients of hemorrhage fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). One of 12 serum samples from HFRS patients was reactive with the 37 kDa fusion protein strongly. Three sera reacted moderately with the fusion protein. Six sera reacted only weakly with the protein, while remaing two were non-reactive. Control sera from patients with scrub typhus leptospirosis, or negative HFRS did not react with the recombinant fusion protein.
Antigens, Viral ; Asparagine ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Western ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Clone Cells ; Fever ; Glutamic Acid ; Glutathione ; Glycoproteins* ; Hantaan virus* ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Leptospirosis ; Lysine ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Scrub Typhus ; Sepharose ; Serine ; Threonine

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (rHPTH; 1-34, teriparatide) increases bone mass and increases osteoporotic fracture by stimulating new bone formation. It was approved in the United States for treatment of osteoporosis in men and women, and its effectiveness and safety was proved. Mild hypercalcemia was observed, but persistent and severe hypercalcemia was not observed in the studies of teriparatide. In this case, severe hypercalcemia was developed from patient having gait disturbance who was treated with vitamin D, calcium and teripartide for two months to treat osteoporosis after subtrochanteric fracture. Hypercalcemia was resolved with discontinuation of teriparatide. Severe hypercalcemia is not a common complication of teriparatide and monitoring of serum calcium level is routinely not recommended. But it is necessary to pay close attention to patients who were treated with teriparatide, especially in immobilized patients.
Calcium ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Teriparatide ; United States ; Vitamin D