No abstract available.
Bone Diseases* ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Low Back Pain* ; Spine* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Non ulcer dyspepsia(NUD) is a commonly encountered disease at the primary practice. The relations of functional gastrointestinal disorder and Irritable bowel syndrome with depression or stress were suggested by previous studies. But the contributions of the anxiety, depression and stress as a whole to the NUD were not assessed. In this study, we wanted to show the associations of the anxiety, depression and stress levels with NUD. METHODS: This study was performed by case and control method from Aug. 1 to Sep. 7 at the outpatient department of Family Medicine and at the Health Management and Service department in Pusan Paik Hospital. The both groups were matched by sex and age. The case was defined who has three or more symptoms among nine upper gastrointestinal symtoms like dyspepsia, epigastric pain and anorexia etc. frequently or alwalys and who has no ulcer at the gastrofibroscope. The anxiety, depression, stress levels were measured by questionnaire which was validated by previous studies. The questionnaire was composed of Trait-STAI, Jung's Self Depression Scale(SDS), Modified BEPSI, and Grobal Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS) Scale. RESULTS: The total subjects were 136 persons(NUD group : 86 persons/control group : 86 persons). There were. significant differances in regularity of diet(P<0.001), levels of education(P=0.009), and history of medications(P<0.001) between two groups. The two group had higher scores than the control group in the depression score, anxiety score and modified BEPSI score(P<0.001). All items in GARS showed higher scores in NUD group than in control group(P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NUD group had higher degree of anxiety and depression than the control group. It seems that the NUD may have streeful status. When we encounter the NUD in outpatiet department, we had better consider the underlying psychogenic or stressful conditions.
Anorexia ; Anxiety* ; Busan ; Depression* ; Dyspepsia* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Outpatients ; Ulcer* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Female ; Perinatal Mortality* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

The problem of carbon monoxide intoxication has been increasing since 1950s and it is still regarded as one of the most serious public health problem in Korea. If the patients survives the acute episode, elimination of carbon monoxide occurs in the rate of a halt-time of 3 to 4 hours. Nevertheless, there may remain after effect. Therefore, the present study was desinged to elucidate the change of myocardial tissue caused by acute carbon monoxide poisoning were evaluated by electrton microscopic observation of the severity of the mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome oxidase activity, which was demonstrated by histochemical staining with diaminobenzidine(DAB). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to the carbon monoxide of 1500 ppm for 150 minutes. They were divided into two groups ; one group were treated with hyperbaric oxygenation 15 minutes after carbon monoxide exposure, the other were not treated. Rats were sacrified 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 7days, 14 days, and 21 days after carbon monoxide exposure. The specimens were collected from the apex of the heart. In the group without hyperbaric oxygenation, mitochondrial swelling subsided 21 days after carbon monoxide exposure accompained by restoration of cytochrome oxidase activity. On the other hand, with hyperbaric oxygenation, healing process was shortened. Cytochrome oxidase activity was restored 7 days after carbon monoxide exposure.
Animals ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Cytochromes* ; Electron Transport Complex IV* ; Hand ; Heart ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Korea ; Male ; Mitochondria* ; Mitochondrial Swelling ; Myocardium* ; Public Health ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting meaning of life in adolescents. METHODS: Data were collected from April 5 to June 20, 2010. The participants for this study were 343 Korean middle and high school students, recruited from four middle and high schools located in Seoul. Data collection was conducted through the use of 7 questionnaires. The data were analyzed with the SPSS WIN 12.0 program using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: 1) The mean total item score for the meaning of life scales was 2.99, which was slightly high. 2) There was a significant relationship between meaning of life and self-esteem, self control, parenting attitude, family satisfaction, school adjustment, and career maturity. 3) Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that self-esteem, family satisfaction, school adjustment, parenting attitude and career maturity were predictors of meaning of life and accounted for 57.1% of the variance in meaning of life. CONCLUSION: Self-esteem, family satisfaction, school adjustment, parenting attitude and career maturity were variables influencing meaning of life in adolescents. These results indicate a need to develop nursing interventions to increase self-esteem, family satisfaction, school adjustment, parenting attitude and career maturity in order to improve meaning of life for adolescents.
Adolescent ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Parenting ; Parents ; Weights and Measures ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Lyme disease is a vector-borne infection primarily transmitted by Ixodes ticks and is caused by at least three different but closely related species of borrelia. Although it is the most common arthropod-borne disease in the U.S. and Europe, reports of the clinical cases have been relatively rare in Korea. The disease may affect different organs, such as nervous system, joints, heart or eyes, and the clinical pictures include meningitis, cranial neuritis, arthritis, temporary atrioventricular block, and conjunctivitis. The cutaneous manifestations are erythema(chronicum) migrans, borrelial lymphocytoma, and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. Early localized infection occurs a few weeks after a tick bite, and erythema migrans is a classic cutaneous manifestation at this stage of infection. Several weeks later, early disseminated infection occurs with bacterial dissemination. Multiple erythema migrans-like skin lesions, neuroborreliosis, arthritis, and carditis can develop. Without treatment, the disease can progress to late or chronic infection, and then acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans may develop in addition to the systemic manifestations. The disease can be diagnosed with serologic tests such as indirect immunofluorescence test or ELISA. The recommended treatment is oral doxycycline or amoxicillin, and the treatment period is variable depending on the organ involved and the duration of the disease. A vaccine for the Lyme disease is approved for adults and commercially available in the Unites States. However, protection from tick bites by the use of protective clothing in risk areas and body inspection and removal of any attached ticks as soon as possible are the most important prophylactic methods. Chemoprophylaxis after a tick bite is also available.
Acrodermatitis ; Adult ; Amoxicillin ; Arthritis ; Atrioventricular Block ; Borrelia ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; Chemoprevention ; Conjunctivitis ; Doxycycline ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Erythema ; Europe ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Heart ; Humans ; Ixodes ; Joints ; Korea ; Lyme Disease* ; Meningitis ; Myocarditis ; Nervous System ; Neuritis ; Protective Clothing ; Pseudolymphoma ; Serologic Tests ; Skin ; Tick Bites ; Ticks

Replantation of a severed limb is an elective procedure and, as such, the decision to carry it out must be assessed anew in each case. The arm is progressively more valuable from shoulder to fingers, the leg, on the contrary, is progressively of less significance. Especially, the replantation of severed hand at the level of carpal bones or wrist joint is technically more difficult than at the level of forearm or arm. We have a successful case of replanted hand at the level of intercarpal joint without bony shortening.
Arm ; Carpal Bones ; Carpal Joints ; Extremities ; Fingers ; Forearm ; Hand ; Leg ; Microsurgery ; Replantation ; Shoulder ; Wrist Joint