We experienced a huge ovarian tumor of 16kg, measured 29 x 25 x 30cm in 85 years old woman. Pathologic diagnosis was mucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy of right ovary. We present this case with brief review of literatures.
Aged, 80 and over ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Ovary

We experienced a huge ovarian tumor of 16kg, measured 29 x 25 x 30cm in 85 years old woman. Pathologic diagnosis was mucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy of right ovary. We present this case with brief review of literatures.
Aged, 80 and over ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Ovary

OBJECTIVE: To determine the differences of expression of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-beta1 and TGF-beta2 in the human proliferative, secretory, menopausal endometrium, and in hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients were divided into 5 groups. Twenty samples were collected from patients with endometrial hyperplasia (n=l0) and adenocarcinoma(n=10) after hysterectomy. Thirty samples were collected from the normal menstrual cycle and the menopausal women as a control group. The histological types of endometrium were proliferative(n=10), secretory(n=10), menopausal(n=10). Immunohistochemical staining was performed through the use of monoclonal antibodies against anti-human TGF-beta1/ beta2 polycolonal IgG rabbit antibody. Expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 were judged positive when the staining revealed color development in 5% or more. Specimens were rated absent, trace, weak, moderate and intense. Then, they were scored 4 in case of intense positive for TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2, and '0' in case of absent for TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 . RESULTS: Mean scores of TGF-beta1 in glandular cell were proliferative(1.0), secretory (2.3), menopausal endometrium(1.0), endometrial hyperplasia(0) and adenocarcinoma(0). Expression of TGF-beta2 in glandular cell were proliferative(3.8), secretory(3.3), menopausal endometrium(2.8), endometrial hyperplasia(0.3) and adenocarcinoma(0.3). No specific different expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 was found between stromal, vascular and myometrium. However, there was similar expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma gmup. CONCLUSIONS: TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 may have important roles to suppress the development of the precancerous or cancerous lesions in endometrial glandular cells.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometrium* ; Female ; Humans* ; Hyperplasia ; Hysterectomy ; Immunoglobulin G ; Menstrual Cycle ; Mice ; Myometrium ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 ; Transforming Growth Factors*

Ovulation induction in hypothalamic amenorrhea using gonadotropin- releasing hormone(GnRH) pulse therapy is complicated by widely variant patient responses ranging from anovulation to multiple pregnancy. Route of administration(intravenous vs subcutaneous), pulse therapy, GnRH dose, infusion interval, or hormone preparation may contribute. We evaluated the bioactivity of 4 GnRH preparations(Relisorm,Serono; Lutrelef,Ferring; Factrel,Ayerst; GnRH,Sigma) in a rat anterior cell bioassay. Dispersed rat anterior pituitary cells were placed for 48 hrs at 5x105 cells/well, washed and incubated with GnRH. The GnRH was diluted according to the manufacturer's culture medium(10(-12) to 10(-5)M). GnRH stimulated immunoreactive luteinizing hormone(LH) production was assested in culture medium after 4 hrs by radioimmunoassay(RIA). A linear dose-response relationship was exhibited by all preparations from 10(-10) to 10(-7)M. Msximal LH production was 249+/-24 ng/ml/4hrs(mean+/-SEM) and was not different among the preparations tested(ANOVA, p>0.05). The minimal effective dose of GnRH was 10-10M for all preparations(basa1=27+/-4ng/ml/4hrs:mean+/-SEM). No significant differences were noted for MED, or dose-response slope(p<0.05, ANOVA and slope test for parallelism, respectively). In addition, bioactive LH and immuno and bioactive follicular stimulating hormone(FSH) dose responses were confirmed. We concluded that the principal variability of patient response seen with GnRH pulse therapy cannot be attributed to the bioactivity of these commercial GnRH preparations. But rather, most of the variability is due to the inherent individualism in patient response or other factors of the treatment protocol.
Amenorrhea ; Animals ; Anovulation ; Biological Assay ; Clinical Protocols ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Humans ; Lutein ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Rats

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Polyarteritis nodosa(PAN) is a disease of necrotzing vasculitis which has a clinical spectrum encompassing those cases of multisystem involveme it and skin-limited variant. The clinical course of cutaneous PAN has been considered to be a benign one, however there is sorne controversy regarding its nosological entity. OBJECTIVE: To characten the clinical course of the patients with cutaneous PAN and determine whether or not it is a benign disease or something more sever. METHODS: Clinical and laboratory findings in 8 patients with Logy-proven cutaneous PAN but without any detectable visceral involvement were observed periochelly during a follow-up period over 18 months. Meticulous physical and pertinent laboratory earinations were performed each time during their visits. RESULTS: Livedo reticulari, on the lower legs was the mostorenon cutaneous findings with these patients. During the follow-up periods there were no suspected abnormal physical and laboratory findings to have other organ involvement in all 8 patients Serologic examinations for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody and hepatitis-B surface antigen revealed negative in all patients tested. CONCLUSION: The follow-up periods of 2 years or so does not seem to be long enough in characterizing the clinical features of PAN. However, the cutaneous: on of PAN can be regarded as a benign cutaneous variant of the disease having no visceral lesion of arteritis, even though mild degrees of constitutional symptoms and a few laboratory abnormlites could be seen.
Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; Antigens, Surface ; Arteritis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leg ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Vasculitis

In the real-time two-dimensional Doppler flow mapping(2DD) system, Doppler signals are processed using auto-correlation technique, so that the direction, velocity and turbulence of the intracardiac blood flow are displayed by coloration on the B mode image of the heart in real time. Aortic regurgitant flow is imaged as a mosaic jet spurting out from the aortic valve orifice to cardiac chamber. Dynamic features in the direction and extent of regurgitant flow and the site of regurgitation on the aortic valve orifice are readily obtained. Feasibility of the 2DD system in the assesment of aortic regurgitation was examined in 30 cases documented by angiography. In 30 cases, there were 20 cases with aortic regurgitation(AR) aged 16 to 57 years(mean 34) and 10 cases without AR aged 17 to 39 years(mean 30). The underlying disorders of AR were rheumatic in 15 cases, bicuspid aortic valve in 1, ventricular septal defect in 1, aortitis in 1, Marfan's syndrome in 1 and unknown in 1. The results are as follows : 1) In 19 out of 20 cases with AR the 2DD showed regurgitant jet spurting out from valve orifice(sensitivity=95%). One case missed by the 2DD had 1+AR. None of the 10 cases who had no AR manifested the evidence of AR on the 2DD(specificity=100%). 2) There was an excellent positive correlation between the maximal jet length of regurgitant flow on the 2DD and angiographic severity of regurgitation(r=0.998, p<0.001). The maximal jet length was less than 3cm for cases with 1+, 3-4.9cm for 2+, 5-5.9cm for 3+, and 6cm or more for 4+AR. 3) In 19 out of 20 cases with AR, the 2DD identifed the anatomic valvular site of regurgitation(sensitivity=95%, specificity=100%). 4) The regurgitant aortic valvular area was measured as 0.6cm2 or less in all of 12 cases with 2+ or less AR, while 0.9cm2 or more in 6 out of 7 cases with 3+or more AR. Thus, a less or greater than 0.8cm2 regurgitant aortic valvular area provides to discriminate between mild(< or = 2+) and severe(> or = 3+) AR. 5) In all 8 cases with fluttering of anterior mitral leaflet and 8 out of 9 cases with fluttering of interventricular septum, a regurgitant jet impinged on them. The results of this investigation indicate that the 2DD system is a very useful and unique noninvasive technique in the detection, estimation of severity and spatial orientation of AR.
Angiography ; Aortic Valve ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency* ; Aortitis ; Bicuspid ; Equidae ; Heart ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Marfan Syndrome

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

We describe cytologic findings of two cases of pilomatrixoma which had been cytologically misdiagnosed as suspicious malignant and malignant lesions in 35 year-old and 22 year-old females who presented a palpable neck mass. The cytologic smears showed many basaloid cells with a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear hyperchromatism and prominent nucleoli, keratinized squamous cells with pyknotic nuclei, foreign body giant cells, and chronic inflammatory cells in necrotic background. Retrospective view of this aspiration smear revealed that these findings were characteristic features of pilomatrixoma, and the evenly distributed chromatin pattern as well as the lack of nuclear pleomorphism were considered to be the differential points from malignant neoplasm. Pilomatrixoma is a benign neoplasm which should be included in differential diagnosis if the fine needle aspiration cytologic smear of a neck mass or subcutaneous mass of any site showed these features.
Female ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential