No abstract available.
Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.

We report a case of giant M llerian duct cyst in a 6 month-old-boy with urinary tract infection. A mass displacing the bladder and prostatic urethra anteriorly was found on the voiding cystourethrogram, and it was a oval shaped retrovesical anechoic cyst on the abdominal ultrasonogram. On MRi, it was a tear-drop shaped cyst of isosignal intensity with a projection toward the prostatic urethra and located in the midline of vesicorectal space. Grossly, the cyst had communication with prostatic urethra and both vas deferenses were drained to the cyst. Pathologically it was confirmed as a M~'llerrian duct cyst lined with squamous epithelium.
Epithelium ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vas Deferens

The lower ureter is not so frequent site of the urinary tract obstruction. In lower ureteral obstruction, the obstruction should be relieved by any method for maintaining renal parenchyme. A clinical studies were made on the 24 ureters of the lower ureteral obstruction. This studies were mainly focused on the method of management by internal stent indwelling. The following results were obtained. 1. In etiology, acquired lower ureteral strictures were most common ; tuberculosis in 10 ureters, radiation in 6 ureters, pelvic lymphadenopathy in 4 ureters, and iatrogenic stricture in 3 ureters. Congenital UVJ stricture was only one ureter. 2. In the method of management, open surgeries were done in 10 ureters and endourologic methods in 14 ureters. 3. In 5 failures of the first management, open surgeries were done in 3 ureters and endourologic methods in 2ureters. The tuberculosis was the most of their etiology. 4. Complications in internal stent indwelled cases were flank pain, severe vesical irritation, migration into the bladder and the obstruction of the lumen of stent.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Flank Pain ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Stents* ; Tuberculosis ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

PURPOSE: Pelvic floor muscles play an important role in female sexual function. Urinary incontinence is one of the complex symptoms of pelvic floor relaxation. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of behavioral treatment on the sexual life variables and quality of life in stress urinary incontinent women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty women with clinically and urodynamically proven stress urinary incontinence were randomly selected, and treated with functional electrical stimulation (FES) -Biofeedback. The FES-Biofeedback treatment was performed for 20 min per session, 2 sessions a week, for 6 weeks. The treatment consisted of electrical stimulation (35Hz and 50Hz, simultaneously) for 24 seconds, and the biofeedback, composed of 3 phases of contraction, lasted for 32 seconds. The outcome measures on the sexual life variables and quality of life scales were assessed by the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire and a self-developed questionnaire, based on the Brief index of sexual Functioning for women (BISF-W). RESULTS: The general quality of life scores were significantly improved after 6 weeks of FES-Biofeedback (p<0.05). The quality of orgasms, sexual interest, sexual activity and sexual anxiety were significantly improved after the FES-Biofeedback (p<0.05). Changes in the scores for the degree of satisfaction in those variables also showed statistical significance (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Women with incontinence were dissatisfied with their sexual life due to various symptoms associated with their urinary symptoms or symptoms that result from pelvic floor relaxation. The FES-Biofeedback therapy showed positive effects on improving, not only stress incontinence, but also sexual life variables and the life quality.
Anxiety ; Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Electric Stimulation ; Female* ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Muscles ; Orgasm ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Pelvic Floor ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Relaxation ; Sexual Behavior* ; Sexuality ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: We compared the clinical manifestations of patients with tsutsugamushi disease between children and adults. METHODS: From January 2003 to December 2012, 768 patients diagnosed with tsutsugamushi disease were retrospectively reviewed, and the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and complications were compared between children and adults. RESULTS: No patterns of annual increases in the number of patients were noted in both children and adults. The higher incidences occurred in October and November respectively. By gender, male outnumbered female in children, but the opposite trend was seen in adults. By residential area, the urban distribution of children was higher than that of adults. Rashes (P=0.001) and eschar (P=0.004) were more common in children, while myalgia was more common in adults. Children had a high prevalence of anemia (P=0.041), and low incidence rates of thrombocytopenia, abnormal liver and renal function. Children yielded better results in the duration of their hospital stay and the incidence of complications (P<0.001). A comparison of the therapeutic effects of doxycycline and macrolide antibiotics, which was performed only on the children, did not reveal any significant differences. CONCLUSION: Compared to adults, children had higher incidence rates of male patients and more often suffered from rashes and eschar. Children yielded better results in the laboratory findings and duration of the hospital stay and complications. Therefore, when children are suspected to have tsutsugamushi disease, especially during its peak occurrence period, detailed physical examination and serological test should be performed to ensure a prompt diagnosis, and the use of macrolide antibiotics, which have fewer side effects, is expected to yield the same therapeutic effects.
Adult* ; Anemia ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Doxycycline ; Exanthema ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Liver ; Male ; Myalgia ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Scrub Typhus* ; Serologic Tests ; Thrombocytopenia

Even though the ischemic change induced by the testicular torsion has been studied extensively, there is a few available information about the prevention or reduction of testicular injury during vascular insufficiency. We studied the effect of hypothermia on prevention of the ischemia-induced damage and the effect of hyperthermia on the recovery of the damage during re-perfusion of blood after ischemia ended. The four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to varying duration of bilateral testicular ischemia. In the first group, both testes underwent ischemia for 2, 4 and 6 hours at room temperature. The second group underwent ischemia for 30 minutes at room temperature and then for 1.5. 3.5 and 5.5 hours at 4 degrees C ice bath. In the third group, testes underwent the procedure described in the first group and then were immersed in 41 degrees C water for 30 minutes during re-perfusion of blood. The fourth group underwent the procedure described in the second group and then were immersed in 41 degrees C water for 30 minutes during re-perfusion of blood. Bilateral orchiectomy was performed after lapse of 2 weeks. Histology of testes of all groups was compared. Neither group revealed significant destruction of germinal epithelium after two hours of ischemia. However, the preservation rates of germinal epithelium in the first group were 25% and 8.3% at four and six hours or ischemia, when compared with the control group, which were statistically significant(p<0.05). In contrast, the rates of the second group which received hypothgmia were 87.5% at four hours 85.4% at six hours of ischemia. Comparing the first group with the fourth group (hyperthermia) and the second group with the fourth group(hyperthermia), authors could not find any statistical significance(p>0.05). In conclusion, when ischemia was induced by testicular torsion. the damage of testicular tissue could be prevented or arrested to a certain degree by external ice application. However, it might be proposed that hyperthermia did not enhance the recovery of the damaged testes after re-perfusion of blood.
Baths ; Epithelium ; Fever* ; Hypothermia* ; Ice ; Ischemia ; Orchiectomy ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis ; Water

Neodymium YAG (Nd-YAG) laser is a new instrument for the treatment of various urologic disorders where coagulation is necessary but still limited in cases. It avoids many of the side effects of electrocoagulations. Nd.YAG Iaser is a safe and effective modality, reducing blood loss, shortening operation time and preserving functional integrity on remaining renal tissue. In this experiment, to investigate the Nd-YAG Laser effect to renal tissue and the adaptation to renal surgery were aimed. We made the experimental study on renal tissue damage according to the change of irradiation time and power of NJ-YAG laser. The following results were obtained; After irradiation of Nd-YAG laser, renal tissue damage was noted on 30 Watt, 3 seconds and 5O Watt, 1 second, and the degree of renal tissue damage was increased with in creasing of laser power and time. A 2mm depth injured renal tissue was noted on 150-250 Joules, which coagulates the vessel with several mm diameter. Judging from the results of this experiment it may be believed that Nd-YAG laser can be adaptable to renal surgery in bleeding control without severe renal tissue damage.
Hemorrhage ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Neodymium

The most serious complications of renal surgery, such as nephrotomy or partial nephrectomy, are intraoperative bleeding, urine leakage or secondary hemorrhage. To avoid such complication, meticulous parenchymal sutures are necessary with traumatizing loss of renal functioning parenchyma. Fibrin sealant is a newly developed substance for hemostasis, tissue sealing and wound healing. We made the experimental study on the effect of fibrin sealant in renal surgery to minimize to above complications without sutures. The following results were obtained: 1. The fibrin sealant was useful for joining the wound surfaces in nephrotomy or partial nephrectomy. 2. The serious complications, such as hemorrhage or urine leakage could be reduced. 3. The significant parenchymal loss caused by sutures was eliminated by its applications. 4. There was no foreign body reaction with its applications. Judging from the results of this experiments, it may be expected that by the use of the fibrin sealant the surgical complications can be markedly reducible in urologic surgical fields.
Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin* ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Hemorrhage ; Hemostasis ; Nephrectomy ; Sutures ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries