1.Analysis of Glucocorticoid Response Element and TPA Response Element of Rat Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormine Gene by Site-Directed Mutagenesis.
Sung Woon KIM ; Jin Woo KIM ; Young Seol KIM ; Young Kil CHOI ; In Myoung YANG ; Jung Taek WOO ; Woon Won CHUNG
Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology 1999;14(2):278-292
BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that a GRE/TRE composite sequence, which is located between 200 bp and 220 bp relative to the transcriptional start site of rat TRH gene, is responsible for the dexamethasone (DEX)- and TPA-induced transcriptional activation, and the transcriptional activation by DEX is mediated by interaction between glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and a TRE-binding transcriptional factor such as c-Jun. However, a non-specific binding with the transciption factors can not be excluded as the mutants used in the previous report could not inhibit the binding of GR and c-Jun completely, and it remains unclear which one of the two TRE-like sequences is critical for the interaction of the two transcription factors. METHODS: Luciferase expressing plasmids that contain a part of rat TRH promoter including the composite GRE sequence or its mutants were transfected into HeLa cells by Fugene 6. After the cells were incubated overnight with DEX or/and TPA, the luciferase activity was measured in a chemiluminometer. A gel retardation assay was performed after binding of the labeled composite sequence or its mutants with GR and c-Jun. RESULTS: DEX and TPA increased the transcriptional activity of the wild type composite sequence by 3 folds and 4 folds, respectively, and the combined stimulation increased the activity by 10 folds. The mutants of which all 6 nucleotides of the GRE half site were replaced and removed almost did not bind to GR and eould not enhance the transcriptional activity at all in response to DEX. The GRE-deleted mutant bound to c-Jun with a remarkably lower affinity and showed a lower response to TPA, whereas the GRE-replaced mutant bound to c-Jun with a similar affinity and showed a similar response to TPA compared to those of the wild type. In response to the combined simulation with DEX and TPA, the mutants showed 30-40% of the trancriptional activity of the wild type. Basal transcriptional activity of all the TRE mutants was significantly lower than that of the wild type. While they almost could not bind to c-Jun, their binding affinity to GR was comparable to that of the wild type. Whereas the DEX- and TPA-induced transcriptional activity of 5 TRE mutant was 10% and 15% of that of the wild type, it responded to those agents in a similar pattern as the wild type. The 3 TRE mutant and the mutant of both TRE sites did not respond to DEX and TPA. The GRE-deleted mutant hardly formed the DNA-protein complex as did the wild type, while the GRE -replaced mutant could form the complex in a less amount with nuclear extract of HeLa celL CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GRE/TRE composite sequence of rat TRH gene specifically binds to GR and c-Jun, providing a site for interaction between the two transcription factors, and that both TRE sites play an important role in basal transcription, and that the 3 TRE site is more critical in the interaction between GRE and TRE for DEX-induced transcriptional activation. (J Kor Endocrinol 14:278-292, 1999)
Animals
;
Dexamethasone
;
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
;
HeLa Cells
;
Humans
;
Luciferases
;
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed*
;
Nucleotides
;
Plasmids
;
Rats*
;
Receptors, Glucocorticoid
;
Response Elements*
;
Transcription Factors
;
Transcriptional Activation
2.The Characterization of Glucocoritcoid Response Element(GRE) on the Promoter of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone(TRH) Gene.
Sung Woon KIM ; Jin Woo KIM ; Young Seol KIM ; Young Kil CHOI ; In Myoung YANG ; Jung Taek WOO ; Woon Won CHUNG
Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology 1999;14(2):265-277
BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that the promoter of rat TRH gene has GRE half site (TGTTCT) between -210 bp and -205 bp flanking with similar sequences of TPA response element (TRE), TAGTCA, at a distance of several base pairs from the GRE half site. It promps us to hypothesize that this composite GRE/TRE sequence can provide a site for interaction between glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and c-Jun. Thus, we investigated whether the composite sequence mediates transcriptional regulation induced by dexamethasone (DEX) and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phobol-13-acetate (TPA), and whether it binds GR and c-Jun. METHODS: A luciferase expressing plasmids that contain a part of rat TRH promoter including the composite sequence or their mutants were transfected into HeLa cells by Fugene 6. After the cells were incubated overnight with DEX and TPA, the luciferase activity was measured in a chemiluminometer. A gel retardation assay was performed after binding of the labeled composite sequence or its mutants with GR and c-Jun. RESULTS: DEX increased the transcriptional activity of the plasmid containing the wild type GRE by 2.5 folds, and TPA increased the transcriptional activity by 4 folds. The simultaneous stimulation with DEX and TPA synergistically increased the transcriptional activity by 10 folds. Two mutants whose GRE half sits were altered showed no responses to DEX, and suppressed the TPA-induced or both agents-induced transcriptional activity by 50%. Two mutants whose TRE-like sites were altered suppressed the DEX-induced transcriptional activity by 20%, TPA-induced trarptional activity by 25%, and both agents-induced transcriptional activity by 50%. Gel retardation assay showed that the composite sequence fonned a complex with GR and its mutants bound to GR with remarkably less affinity. c-Jun also bound to the composite sequence to form two cornplexes with less affinity compared to the AP-1 consensus sequence. The mutants of the TRE-like sequence bound to c-Jun with a significantly lower affinity compared to that of the wild type. Simulateous binding of the composite sequence with GR and c-Jun did not form any larger complex. The complex of GR and the composite sequence was much smaller than that formed by c-Jun, suggesting that GR binds to the composite sequence as a monomer. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the composite sequence of GRE half site and TRE-like site on the promoter of rat TRH gene provides binding sites for GR and c-Jun, which mediate the interaction between two signal transduction pathways. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 14:265-277, 1999)
4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid
;
Animals
;
Base Pairing
;
Binding Sites
;
Consensus Sequence
;
Dexamethasone
;
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
;
HeLa Cells
;
Humans
;
Luciferases
;
Plasmids
;
Rats
;
Receptors, Glucocorticoid
;
Response Elements
;
Signal Transduction
;
Transcription Factor AP-1
3.Analysis of Women's Health Online News Articles Using Topic Modeling
Kyoung Won CHO ; Shine Young KIM ; Young Woon WOO
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives 2019;10(3):158-169
OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to understand the popularity of topics in the field of women's health through analysis of online news articles which were chronologically classified and examined to determine how women's health and diseases had changed over time. METHODS: Women's health and disease news articles were collated from a popular news website between 1993 to 2015 and preprocessed using gynecological medical terminology, Korean words and nouns (excluding general nouns not related to women's healthcare topics). The resultant articles (N = 7,710) were analyzed using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm and major topics were extracted. Topic trends were analyzed by year and period for women's health. RESULTS: It was observed that most of the women's health articles were focused on “Healthcare”, and 9 other topics were identified that represented a relatively small proportion in 1993–2000. In 2001–2005, most of the articles were focused on “Medical Services” and “Dietary Supplements” with some specific topics that peaked people's interest, as compared to those focused on “Healthcare” in the 1990s. It was also observed that differences in the proportion of each topic was small after 2011. CONCLUSION: Changes in topics related to women's disease were not clearly distinguished in the 1990s but this changed from 2001where articles related to “women disease” appeared as articles on the topics of various diseases.
Data Mining
;
Delivery of Health Care
;
Women's Health
4.Relation of Right Atrial Pathology to Atrial Fibrillation in Mitral Valvular Disease.
Kwang Ho KIM ; Young Sik PARK ; Gil Ja SHIN ; Woo Hyung LEE ; Woon Sup HAN
Korean Circulation Journal 1989;19(4):734-739
It is well known that there is close relation of the left atrial pathology to atrial fibrillation(AF) in patients with mitral valvular disease. To evaluate such relation is existed or not in the right atrium, the right atrial wall biopsy was performed in 31 patients with mitral valvular disease during valve surgery. The specimens obtained were interpretated by the pathologist who had no information about the patients. The specimens were graded according to severity of morphological change. In Grade I, the atrial myocardium is degenerated and has moderate fibrosis in it. Grade II shows the atrial myocardial layer of the atrium and severe degenerated with pre and postoperative heart rhythm. Four patients had Grade I change and 3 patients among them had pre and postoperative AF. Eleven patients had Grade III changes and 9 among them had pre and postoperative AF. The results show there is strong tendency that the patients with pre and postopeative AF had Grade III change in the right atrium and the relation of the right atrial pathology to AF is same as that of the left atrium.
Atrial Fibrillation*
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Biopsy
;
Fibrosis
;
Heart
;
Heart Atria
;
Humans
;
Myocardium
;
Pathology*
5.Sparganosis Mimicking Cutaneous Larva Migrans.
Young Woo SUN ; Tae Jin YOON ; Woon Mok SOHN ; Jung Hee LEE ; Tae Heung KIM
Annals of Dermatology 2000;12(4):292-294
A 53-year-old man had skin-colored linear serpiginous plaque within brownish patch on his left thigh for one year. He habitually drank natural spring water for 3 years. We diagnosed this case as sparganosis infiltrated within dermis by histologic and parasitologic diagnosis. The skin lesion mimicked the cutaneous larva migrans by showing dermal migration of sparganum to pro-duce itchy linear serpiginous plaque. We report an interesting case of sparganosis mimicking cutaneous larva migrans.
Dermis
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Diagnosis
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Humans
;
Larva Migrans*
;
Middle Aged
;
Natural Springs
;
Skin
;
Sparganosis*
;
Sparganum
;
Thigh
;
Water
6.A case of holoprosencephaly.
Jang Hyun NAM ; Eui Yeol LEE ; Woon Young CHUNG ; Myung Woo LEE
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1992;35(4):589-593
No abstract available.
Holoprosencephaly*
8.Reevaluation of the thyroid scan for the assessment of pathophysiologic status of thyroid disease.
In Sook WOO ; Jung Il NAH ; Deog Yoon KIM ; Eun Mi KOH ; Sung Woon KIM ; In Myung YANG ; Jin Woo KIM ; Young Seol KIM ; Kwang Woo KIM ; Young Kil CHOI
Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1991;25(1):101-109
No abstract available.
Thyroid Diseases*
;
Thyroid Gland*
9.Reevaluation of the thyroid scan for the assessment of pathophysiologic status of thyroid disease.
In Sook WOO ; Jung Il NAH ; Deog Yoon KIM ; Eun Mi KOH ; Sung Woon KIM ; In Myung YANG ; Jin Woo KIM ; Young Seol KIM ; Kwang Woo KIM ; Young Kil CHOI
Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1991;25(1):101-109
No abstract available.
Thyroid Diseases*
;
Thyroid Gland*
10.Expression of c-erb A mRNA according to thyroid function status.
Young Sil JU ; Jeong Taek WOO ; Sung Woon KIM ; In Myung YANG ; Jin Woo KIM ; Young Seol KIM ; Kwang Won KIM ; Young Kil CHOI ; Sang Mi PARK
Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology 1992;7(1):24-30
No abstract available.
RNA, Messenger*
;
Thyroid Gland*