Although hypospadias should be repaired before school age, there is no one good method for all hypospadias repair. The surgical goals of hypospadias repair are primarily correction of chordee, formation of urethral tube, and achievement of a meatus near or at the tip of glans penis in order to achieve a functionally and cosmetically acceptable phallus. We reported on 46 patients who underwent hypospadias repair between May, 1972 and April, 1984. In two stage operation, chordectomy was undergone in 30 cases, of which 1 case had complication with incomplete chordee remove. At recent, with artificial erection technique complete chordee remove is possible. In 42 cages of urethroplasty such as MAGPI, flip-flap, Island flap technique by Duckett, modified Crawford method, Belt-Fuqua, and free flap using thigh skin, urethrocutaneous fistula developed in 9 cases, urethral stricture in 2, and keloid in 1.
Female ; Fistula ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Hypospadias* ; Keloid ; Male ; Penis ; Skin ; Thigh ; Urethral Stricture

We describe a case of cutaneous chylous reflux, which is thought to be a kind of primary lymphedema, in a 19-year-old male who had suffered from multiple vesiculobullae and intermittent swelling on scrotum for about 6 years. Histopathologic findings showed multiple dilated lymphatic vascular channels in papillary dermis.
Dermis ; Humans ; Lymphedema ; Male ; Scrotum ; Young Adult

For the establishment of the basis of treatment and study in the patients of facial bone fracture, we performed a clinico-statistical study about 28 papers and 9564 cases reported as facial bone fractures in the journal of Korean association of oral and maxillofacial surgeons, the journal of the Korean academy of maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery, and related journals. The results were as follows: 1. The ratio of men to women was 4.50:1. 2. The age frequency was highest in the third decade(37.6%), and fourth(21.5%), second(15.5%), fifth(10.3%) decade in orders. 3. The most common location of facial bone fractures was the mandible(62.7%), and zygoma complex (22.6%), nasal bone(15.0%), and maxilla(13.0%) were next in order of frequency. 4. The major etiologic factors were traffic accident(37.9% ), fisticuffs(26.4%), and falldown and slip down(23.4%). 5. The frequent fracture site of mandible is symphysis(39.3%), angle(24,4% ), and condyle(22.5%). The ratio of left to right was 1.31:1. Open reduction(69.1%) was the more frequently using method of treatment in mandibular fracture than colsed reduction (28.6%). 6. The sites of zygoinatic fractures were zygoma complex(48.0%), zygornatic arch(35.7%), and combined(16.3%). The left to right ratio was 1.37:1. 7. The most frequent maxillary fracture was Le Fort I (31.4% ), and Le Fort II (27.1%), unilateral(14.3%), Le Fort III (7.6%) were next in order of frequency.
Facial Bones* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures ; Maxillary Fractures ; Plastics ; Statistics as Topic* ; Zygoma

No abstract available.
Varicose Veins

The expression of p62"' and p2l can be seen in many solid tumor, but the pattern and incidence of expression were different according to organ, countries, and examiners, thus it is not definitely defined. Total 67 colorectal carcinoma in paraffin sections are analysed by immunohistochemically for evaluation of the p62and p21- expression according to the age, sex, chief complaints, location, differentiation, modified Dukes stage, using the specific monoclonal antibodies. The results were summarized as follows : The age of patients ranged from 32 years to 82 years. The mean age was 57.6 years. The expression of p 62y' and p21 was not correlated with age. Male was 29 cases(43.3%) and female was 38 cases(56.7%). The male to female ratio was 1:1.31. The and 95.0% in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, 90.0% and 90.0% in poorly differentiated <,;, adenocarcmoma, 100.0% and 100.0% in mucinous carcinoma. The positive rate of p62!and and p2l' was 94.1% and 88.2% in Dukes stage B,, 96.0% and 96.0% in Dukes stage B,, 100.0% and 100.0% in Dukes stage C,, 100.0% and 88.9% in Dukes stage C, and 100.0% and 100. o% in Dukes stage D. The expression of p62 y' in metastatic colorectal carcinoma showed diffuse and strongly positive reaction than primary colorectal carcinoma. The expression of p21 in primary colorectal carcinoma showed diffuse and strongly positive reaction than metastatic colorectal carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins* ; Oncogenes* ; Paraffin

The effect of amiodarone on reperfusion arrhthmias after release of left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) occlusion was studied in 22 anesthetized cats. All cats underwent 20 minutes LAD occlusion followed by reperfusion and amiodarone(20mg/Kg) or normal saline was given on cats which had reperfusion arrhythmias through the left ventricular catheter to observe the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone. And also the incidence and type of arrhymias during occlusion and reperfusion were analyzed. During the 20 minute LAD occlusion, 10 of 22 cats(45%) had no arrhythmias, and 12 cats(55%) had nonsustatined ventricular tachycardia. After release of occlusion, 5 of 22 cats(23%) had no arrthmias, and 17 cats(77%) developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias(ventricular tachycardia (n=5), ventricular fibrillation(n=12)). The 17 cats which had reperfusion arrhythmias were randomly divided and given normal saline(control(n=8)) or amiodarone(amiodarone group(n=9)). There was no difference on 2 groups. The reperfusion arrhythmias disappeared in 6 out of 9 cats(66.7%) vs none of 8 controls(P<0.01). We conclude that amiodarone seems to be the effective antiarrhythmic drug on reperfusion arrhythmias after release of LAD occlusion in anesthetized cats, and might be useful for the treatment of reperfusion arrhythmias in human.
Amiodarone* ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Catheters ; Cats ; Humans ; Incidence ; Reperfusion* ; Tachycardia ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

A case of Korean hemorrhagic fevery confirmed by fluorescent antibody technique in a 8years old boy was reported with a brief review of references.
Fluorescent Antibody Technique* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans ; Male

Using specific monoclonal antibodies to the ras and HER-2/neu oncoprotein, a total of 8 normal urothelium and 58 transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) of the urinary bladder were stained immunohistochemically to investigate the possible roles of the oncogenes in the development of bladder TCC and their implications. Of the 52 bladder TCC specimens which contained the outer layer in the sections, 51 tumors showed the expression of the ras p21 in the outer layer. 56 of 58 bladder TCC specimens showed the expression of ras p21 in the intermediate and basal layers. The staining intensity in whole layers was relatively higher than that of the normal urothelium. The staining intensity in outer layer was not correlated with the tumor grade and invasiveness, while in intermediate and basal layers significantly correlated. HER-2/neu expression occurred in 22 (38%) of 58 TCC, whereas no normal urothelial cells were reactive for HER-2/neu. HER-2/neu expression rate was significantly correlated with the tumor grade and invasiveness. These findings suggest that ras and HER-2/neu oncogenes may play a crucial role in the development of bladder TCC and that immunohistochemical characteristics of these oncoproteins may give a additional prognostic information in the patients with bladder TCC.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Humans ; Oncogene Proteins* ; Oncogenes ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urothelium

We studied a prospective clinical trial designed to compare the effect of Adriamycin with TUR alone in 27 patients with superficial bladder tumors (stage O, A) who underwent treatment at the Hanyang University Hospital from March, 1981 to February 1985. A total 27 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Control group, comprised 11 patients, treated TUR alone and study group, consisted of 16 patients, treated with intravesical Adriamycin (40mg / 20ml, instillation after TUR. The first instillation was usually given 2 weeks after TUR and repeated biweekly for 5 months. (a total of 10 instillations). All data were analyzed and obtained the following results : Mean follow up was 20.6 months in the control group and 19.9 months in the study group. During the follow up period, percent of recurrences for control group was 63.6% (7 cases) compared to 37.5% (6 cases ) for the study group. Recurrent rate in another words, recurrences per 100 patients-month was 5.73 for controls ang 3.46 for the Adriamycin group, respectively. There appeared to be a close relationship between initial tumor grade, size and number and the trend of tumor recurrence. Although Adriamycin effect could not be strictly compared to both groups, it seemed to have a potential for reducing recurrence according to these conditions (grade, size, number). Toxicity was not systemic, but vesical irritability such as frequency, dysuria and hematuria were noticed in 31.3% (5 cases).
Doxorubicin* ; Dysuria ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

BACKGROUND: The p53 gene mutations have been found in a variety of human skin cancers. To date most studies concerning p53 gene mutations in skin cancers focused on squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and its precancerous lesions such as actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease, especially related to ultraviolet light, but few on basal cell carcinoma(BCC). OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the aberrant expression rates on p53 mutant gene in BCCs as well as in SCCs and their changes depending upon their clinicopathologic characteristics. METHODS: An immunohistochemical study was employed using the mouse monoclonal antibody raised against recombinant human p53 in 30 BCCs and 16 SCCs. Also, clinical and histopathologic analyses for age, sex, site, duration and histopathologic classification were performed. RESULTS: p53 immunoreactivity was observed in 57% of BCCs and 75% of SCCs. In BCCs P53 immnoreacticvity was increased by up to 61% in cases(28/30) developed on the sun-exposed area. In SCCs p53 immunoreactivity(89%) on non-sun-exposed area was unexpectantly higher than that(57%) on sun-exposed area. No significant correlation between p53 imunoreactivity and clinicopathologic characteristics in BCCs and SCCs was noted. CONCLUSION: Mutations of p53 may play an important role of the pathogenetic sequence in a large part of the pathogenetic sequence in a large part of BCCs as well as SCCs.
Animals ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Mice ; Skin Neoplasms ; Ultraviolet Rays