A study was made on the two cases of congenital adrenogenital syndrome. Cliteroplasty wag performed on the two cases in addition to adrenalectomy in one case. Good results were obtained following the treatment.
Adrenalectomy ; Adrenogenital Syndrome*

Currently intracavernous pharmacotherapy is the second common therapeutic modality for erectile dysfunction after the introduction of Viagra. Nevertheless, intracavernous pharmacotherapy has increased in popularity for the past 15 years. While having an overwhelming safety after complete training in injection method, this treatment option can reveal unexpected complications related to self-injection. We report two cases of intracavernous needle breakage associated with alprostadil (Caverject , Pharmacia-Upjohn) and trimix self-injection therapy with a brief review of the literature.
Alprostadil ; Drug Therapy ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Male ; Needles* ; Sildenafil Citrate

Stress fractures of the tibia are relatively common in military and young people. However, stress fracture of the proximal tibia is rare in elderly patients, but has been reported in association with osteoporosis, Paget disease, rheumatoid arthritis, pyrophosphate arthropathy, and knee deformities. We experienced a 65-year-old patient who did not have a chronic disease, with a stress fracture with primary degenerative knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity, which occurred at the proximal tibia, and we report on this unusual case with a literature review.
Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Chronic Disease ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Fractures, Stress* ; Humans ; Knee* ; Military Personnel ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee* ; Osteoporosis ; Tibia*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Renal*

Between August 1994 and June 1995, seventeen patients diagnosed as having partial or complete ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament on MRI were managed by non-operative methods. Among them four patients were excluded due to operation during follow-up and the results were evaluated at a one year follow-up. We selected the patients prospectively for non-operative care using the selection criteria of age, degree of instability, activity level and patient compliance. The average age of them was 37.7 years. Initially knee stress test and MRI were checked, and Cybex study and Lysholm knee scoring were done at post-trauma one year follow-up. They were managed conservatively by ROM and muscle strengthening exercises and a brace fitting schedule for three months. Among them, six cases had partial tears and seven had a complete tear initially. At the one year follow-up, five of six cases who had shown partial ruptures, and two of seven cases with complete tears, recovered continuity of the ruptured ACL on MRI. Their Lysholm knee score was 84.4, and the Cybex test showed no difference in muscle power between the injured and uninjuried side. Those patients who had loss of continuity on follow-up MRI showed Lysholm score of 57.4 and decreased muscle power on Cybex study. Although there are still controversies about the adequate management of ACL injuries, our study suggests that conservative management is a viable alternative to surgery as long as the patients are selected prudently. For more concrete results, however, careful analysis based on a longer follow up period is necessary.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Appointments and Schedules ; Braces ; Exercise ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Patient Compliance ; Patient Selection ; Prospective Studies ; Rupture*

This study was to investigate the horizontal & vertical bone change pattern when using cervical headgear in Class II malocclusion of growing children and compared the skeletal features between the group with increased lower facial height and the group without increase in lower facial height. The results are as follows; 1. Forward growth of maxilla was inhibited, downward tipping of anterior palatal plane could be seen and distal movement of maxillary first molar was observed. 2. There was relative forward movement of Mandible against the Maxillary cranial base, and relative forward movement of mandibular 1st molar against the Maxilla and vertical increase due to alveolar growth of Mandible. 3. There was significant increase in anterior and posterior facial heights but the ratio of facial height showed no significant difference. 4. The group with increased lower facial height has shorter ramus length, than the smaller palatal plane angle, and more distal movement of Maxillary 1st molar than the group without increase Ha-young Hyun.
Child* ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Skull Base

The purposes of this study were to investigate the initial tissue changes on the teeth and surrounding tissues under contraction and intrusive force by contraction UTA. A control and experimental dogs, 10-months in age, were studied. Contraction and intrusive force(60gm) were applied at upper four incisors by contraction UTA. Experimental dogs were sacrificed at 2 weeks and 4weeks after force application, respectively. In this study, 2 experimental groups were designed by the duration of force applied(E1, E2). The specimens were taken around the upper first and second incisor in each groups and were prepared for the H-E and MT stain for light microscopic observation. From the results of the study, the following conclusions may be drown. : 1. In control group, the periodontal ligament width was constant from apical third to cervical third of the root and periodontal fiber arrangement was horizontal or oblique in cervical third, oblique in middle third and apical third. In alveolar bond, smooth appearance was shown with osteoblast. 2. In experimental group 1, in proportion to force was concentrated at labial middle third and apical third of root of the upper first and second incisors, root of these tooth tipped labially and intruded at a time. 3. In experimental group 2, periodontal ligament width and arrangement was similar to control and observed strong calcified response at the labial middle third of root. But, alveolar bond resorption and cementum resorption were as before seen at labial middle third and apical third of root force was concentrated.
Animals ; Dental Cementum ; Dogs* ; Incisor* ; Osteoblasts ; Periodontal Ligament ; Tooth*

As a result of increased education and communication, the field of orthodontic has recently been expanded to include a greater number of adult treatment procedures. With this increased demand for adult orthodontic treatment, a problem that frequently arises is the placement of appliances of teeth restored with porcelain. But conventional acid-etching is ineffective in the preparation of porcelain surface for mechanical retention of orthodontic attachments. Also, it is possible to damage on porcelain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of composite bonding materials and the porcelain surface treatment methods on shear bond strength, and to observe the porcelain fracture rates. To accomplish this purpose, this study was carried out with feldsphatic porcelain, Ceram II. porcelain surface treatment methods were divided into intact glazed porcelain which had not treatment and surface roughening. Surface roughening by etching with Hydroluoric acid(HF), sandblasting with Microetcher II and compound treatment with etching and sandblasting. Bonding materials were Ortho-two and Transbond. All porcelain specimens were applicated with porcelain primer. 1. In comparision according to porcelain surface treatment, surface roughening groups by HF etching and sandblasting had higher shear bond than intact group. No significant difference was found in Transbond group. 2. Ortho-two group had thd higher shear bond strength than that of Transbond group in HF etching and sandblasting. 3. E(Transbond + Intact) group had the lowest shear bond strength in all experimental group. The bond strength was higher than clinically successful bond strength. 4. Non-treated group had very higher porcelain rates than treated group. 5. This study indicates that porcelain surface-roughening may not be necessary to attachment of orthodontic brackets to porcelain surfaces.
Adult ; Dental Porcelain ; Education ; Humans ; Orthodontic Brackets* ; Polymers* ; Tooth

The purpose of this study was to determine the proliferative activity of the osteoblasts and fibroblasts in the midpalatal area and to investigate the adjacent periodontal tissues of individual tooth following rapid expansion of the palate. Ten young adult dogs, aged approximately ten months, were used in the experiment. The experimental design was consisted of 1 week expansion group(Group E1, 3 dogs), 2 week expansion group(Group E2, 3 dogs), 2 week expansion and 2 week retention group(Group E3, dogs), and control group(Group C, 1 dog). For each group, expansion screw was activated one time per day(1/4 turn;90degrees) following Hyrax-screw application. The experimental animals in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 4 weeks following palatal expansion. Maxillary tissue blocks wee obtained and prepared for the histomorphologic and immunohistochemical studies. Light microscope, polarizing microscope, and soft X-ray apparatus were used in this study, and following results were obtained. 1. In polarizing microscopic study, the expansion group(E1 & E2) showed blue color representing bone resorption and new bone formation in midpalatal suture area. E3 groups showed less color compared to the E1 and E2 group. But yellow color increased by calcification in the E3 groups. 2. Immunohistochemical study revealed that positive responses of the osteoblasts to PCNA and undifferentiated fibroblasts to EGF in E1 group were somewhat increased. Positive response to PCNA and EFG were increased in fibroblasts and the osteoblasts forming new bone in E2 group. In E3 group, the positive response cell concentrated the periphery of edge of palatal process in both PCNA and EGF. 3. Throughout the expansion period(E1 & E2), light microscopic study showed the edges of the extensive resorption new palatal processes, indication bone remodeling within the suture. E3 group exhibited less remodeling of midpalatal suture area. E2 group and E3 group showed cementum formation and resorption at the apex of 3rd premolar and 1st molar. E3 group exhibited extensive hyalinized zone on the cervical portion of buccal side of 1st molar. 4. Soft X-ray analysis of E1 group showed hypomineralized defect and microfractures in various parts of the suture areas when compared with control animals. There was no significant difference in the degree of mineralization in the midpalatal suture region between the C and E3 groups. Tooth axis showed tipping of 3rd premolar and 1st molar in the E2 group and E3 group. Based upon these experimental results, it is concluded that the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells always presented in midpalateal suture area following RPE. Differentiated osteoblasts and fibroblasts possess proliferating cellular activity until the 2 week retention period. The posterior teeth area tend to tip buccally as RPE force applied. Retention group exhibited irreversible response with severe hyalinized on the buccal surface of the first molar.
Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bicuspid ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone Resorption ; Dental Cementum ; Dogs* ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Molar ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Palate ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Research Design ; Sutures* ; Tooth* ; Young Adult*