No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans* ; Immunization*

No abstract available.
Encephalitis, Arbovirus*

On this study, silicone intubation was performed for punctal stenois in 10 patients(group 1), incomplete nasolacrimal duct obstruction in 47 patients (group 2), and complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction in 18 patients(group 3) in adults. Silicone tube was removed between 3-6 months(mean 5.7 months) after intubation. Mean follow-up period of 9.5 months, 9 patients(90%)in group 1,39 patients(83%)in group 2,and 8 patients(44%) in group 3 showed no epiphora, and 1 patient(10%)in group 1, 8 patients (17%) in group 2, and 4 patients(22%) in group 3 showed intermittent epiphora. 6 patients(33%) in group 3 showed persistent epiphora. In summary, silicone intubation can be an alternative to dacryocystorhinostomy in selected adult patients who have punctal stenosis and incomplete obstruction of nasolacrimal duct system. It is safe, and less traumatic with high success rate in these patients.
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasolacrimal Duct* ; Silicones*

Emphysematous cholecystitis is an uncommon condition which may mimic acute cholecystitis. But it differs from acute cholecystitis in its relatively greater frequency in men and diabetics and has graver prognosis. The condition is diagnosed by demonstration of air in lumen,wall of gallbladder and/or pericholecystic space using a variety of radiographic techniques: simple abdominal radiography, ultrasonography and CT scanning. One illustrative case is presented herein and the pertinent literature is reviewed.
Cholecystitis, Acute ; Emphysematous Cholecystitis* ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Radiography, Abdominal ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

We compared the pain produced during different phases of phacoemulsification cataract surgery using a scleral pocket incision under pinpoint anesthesia with that under intracameral anesthesia. This prospective study comprised each 100 cataract patients who had no complications influencing the degree of pain during surgery. Patients were asked about pain immediately after each phase and pain occurring during each phase was measured using 4 step verbal scale(from 0 to 4). In both anesthesia,conjunctival reposition was the most painful.Pinpoint injection was statistically significantly more painful than induction of intracameral anesthesia.The pain score during conjunctival reposition and at 1hr after surgery were significantly higher under intracameral anesthesia than under pinpoint, but during most of phases under both anesthesia,the pain score was relatively low. Intracameral anesthesia is easy,safety and dose not require additional ocular damage during induction of anesthesia,so if combined with topical anesthesia,it is very effective during cataract surgery using scleral pocket incision.
Anesthesia* ; Cataract* ; Humans ; Phacoemulsification ; Prospective Studies

The trachea is a cartilagenous and membranous tubular midline structure with parallel walls. Tracheal deviation may be caused either by traction toward the diseased hemithorax or by compression toward the normal side. Unless an obvious mass is observed radiographically, occasionally it can be difficult to decide whether the trachea has been pushed or pulled from its normal position in the mediastinum. We studied the differences between tracheal deviation patterns in 23 patients with fibroatelectatic pulmonary tuberculosis and 35 patients with elongated and dilated aortas. In cases of retraction of the trachea by fibroatelectatic pulmonary tuberculosis, the diameter of the deviated segment was greater than that of the normal segment and deviation of the wall adjacent to the fibroatelectasis from its normal position was greater than that of the opposite wall. In cases of compression of the trachea by the elongated and dilated aorta, the diameter of the diviated segment was smaller than that of the normal segment and deviation of the wall adjacent to the aortic arch from its normal position was greater than that of the opposite wall. We conclude that these differences between tracheal deviation patterns are useful signs for discriminating retraction from compression. Thus when the trachea is retracted, the deviation of the juxtalesional wall is greater than that of the lesion-free wall, and vice versa.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; Trachea* ; Traction* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) appears to be the most sensitive modality for early diagnosis of avascular necrosis of the femoral head and has recently been recommanded as a means of strengthening individual treatment decisions, However, MR signal patterns in AVN has been described to vary widely. And the understanding of the anatomic and pathologic structures represented on the MRI thus appears desirable for improved tissue characterization, staging of disease, and therapeutic planning. The object of this study was to analyze the correlation of MRI, radiographic staging, radionuclide imaging, and histological findings in AVN of the femoral head. The authors analyzed retrospectively 30 patients(36 hips) of AVN of the femoral head who underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty or total hip replacement arthroplasty at Korea University Hospital from Nov. 1990 to Oct. 1993. The radiographic stage was evaluated according to Ficat and Arlet classification, and MRI was evaluated according to Mitchell et al. classification. The histologic changes corresponding to MRI abnormalities were assessed in 10 fresh surgical specimens. The obtained results were as follows; 1. Nine cases (25%) were class A, 3 class B (8%), 6 class C (17%) and 18 class D(50%) by Michell et al. classification on MRI and typical double line sign was found in 20 cases(56%). 2. Most of the cases of Ficat and Arlet stage II in simple radiograph showed MR class A or B, and stage III and IV showed class C or D. 3. There cases(10%) showed false negative studies in radionuclide imaging. 4. The necrotic bone & marrow and amorphous cellular debris represented the low signal intensity on both T1WI and T2WI, and repairing tissue, thickened trabeculae with mesenchymal cell infiltration was low signal intensity in T1WI and intermediate signal intensity in T2WI, and fibrous tissue was low signal intensity on both T1WI and T2WI. 5. MR classification by Mitchell et al. was not correlated with histological finding in respect of progression. Above results suggest that MRI provide the information about accurate anatomical location and involved site of necrosis, while MR classification by Mitchell et al. was not useful for staging of pathogenic process of AVN of the femoral head. The therapeutic plan and modalities have to be estabilished by comprehensive analysis of MRI, simple radiograph and other diagnostic modalities.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bone Marrow ; Classification ; Early Diagnosis ; Head ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Retrospective Studies