PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and the degree of peritumoral edema on MRI in meningioma and to correlate other MR findings with the edema. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 35 patients with histologically-confirmeal meningioma were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed the MR findings with special attention to the presence or absence and degree of edema. The edema was graded as absent, mild (extending less than 1 cm from outer margin of mass), moderate (1 to 3cm with mild mass effect), and severe (more than 3cm with marked mass effect). We also evaluated size and margin of the tumor, heterogeneity of mass signal, enhancement pattern and dural enhancement of the masses. In 24 patients with cerebral angiography, cerebral vascularity on angiogram was correlated with MR findings. Statistic correlation analysis was done using SAS ver 6.04. RESULTS: Twenty-five of 35 cases (72%) had edema; mild in 11 cases, moderate in 10 cases, and severe in 4 cases. Heterogeneous signal intensity of mass (<0.001), heterogeneous enhancement of mass (<0.001), mass size (<0.001), location (<0.001), and vascularity on angiography (<0.05) were well correlated with edema, while mass margin (>0.05), dural enhancement (>0.05), and histologic type (>0.05) were not correlated with edema. CONCLUSION: In meningioma, moderate to severe peritumoral edema occurred in 41% (14/35). The edema was correlated with heterogeneous enhancement, size, location, heterogeneous signal intensity and vascularity of the mass on angiography.
Angiography ; Cerebral Angiography ; Edema* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningioma* ; Population Characteristics ; Retrospective Studies

Two Patients having endgphthalmitis associated with filtering blebs were diagnosed clinically when they developed ocular inflammation with hypopyon after Scheie's operation for glaucoma. They had a good response to treatment outlined below with no loss of visual acuity.
Blister* ; Endophthalmitis* ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Barium* ; Child* ; Humans ; Intussusception* ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of double injection of a vasoactive drug in penile Doppler ultrasonography for the diagnosis of vasculogenic impotence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-four consecutive cases (bilateral sides) of 42 patients with suspected vasculogenic impotence were included in our study. We used computed sonography (Acuson, USA), with a 7 MHz linear array transducer. After the first intracavernosal injection of the vasoactive drug (10 ug of prostagladin E1), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured three times. According to mean PSV and EDV, the patients were classified into four groups : arteriogenic impotence (AI;N=29), venogenic impotence (VI;N=28), AI associated with VI(N=14), and normal(N=13).After the second injection, PSV and EDV were remeasured, using the same method. Mean velocities of the first injection were compared with those of the second, and the paired t-test was used to analyze the results. the extent to which patients were reclassified after the scecond injection we noted. RESULTS: In all four groups, PSV measured after the second injection was significantly different from PSV after the first (p=0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0010, 0.0072); except in the normal group, EDV measured after the second injection was not different from EDV after the first (P=0.9815, 0.0654, 0.0950, 0.0057). After the second injection, the numbers of patients reclassified into other groups were as follows : AI, 11 (38%); VI, 6 (21%); AI associated with VI, 11 (79%); normal, 1 (8%). CONCLUSION: Double injection of a vasoactive drug affected PSV, and therefore, appears to be a useful adjunctive procedure for the evaluation of patients in whom classification based on the results of the first injection is difficult.
Classification ; Diagnosis ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Female ; Humans ; Impotence, Vasculogenic ; Male ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography, Doppler*

The authors have described a case with pure red cell aplasia (P.R.C.A.) caused by the administration of diphenylhydantoin after head injury. P.R.C.A. associated with diphenylhydantoin is very rare and easily treated with a discontinuation of diphenylhydantoin & steroids.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Phenytoin* ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure* ; Steroids

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine how nurses' death anxiety and terminal care stress affect their terminal care performance in the clinical setting. METHODS: The study enrolled 180 registered nurses with experience of attending dying patients at a university hospital located in Seoul, Korea. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. RESULTS: Nurses showed significant differences in the level of death anxiety and terminal care stress as well as terminal care performance by working division, marital status, educational background and hospice training. A significant relationship was found between terminal care stress and terminal care performance. CONCLUSION: The study results showed that efforts to ease nurses' death anxiety and terminal care stress could improve their terminal care performance. Further study should be conducted to investigate other factors that affect nurses' terminal care performance from various perspectives and develop a terminal care manual which can be used as guidance for nurses in charge of terminal patient care.
Anxiety ; Fees and Charges ; Hospices ; Humans ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Nursing Services ; Patient Care ; Terminal Care

A review of 16 patients diagnosed as having retinal detachment was presented. These cases were patients seen in P.M.C. eye clinic from Sep-73 to Feb-75. 9 of these patients did not have operation for various reasons, but the other 7 were operated by cryopexy, full-thickness scleral buckling with silicone materials, or encircling method with silicone band. The results were as follows; 1) 5 among 7 patients were successful in re-attachment and improvement of visual acuity. 2) No intraocular hemorrhage, the most serious complication due to cryopexy was seen in any of these cases. 3) In one case, the encircling band and implant were removed because small pus pocket and fistula were formed on the bulbar conjunctiva 3 months postoperatively.
Conjunctiva ; Fistula ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scleral Buckling* ; Silicones ; Suppuration ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Survival Rate*

BACKGROUND: Because of many physical, psychological, and social stresses, adolescence is a vulnerable period to psychiatric disorders. But in Korea, there is actually not enough time for primary care physicians to screen such patients during ordinary medical interviews. Therefore this research was done to develop and validate a brief screening questionnaire for the detection of adolescent patients with psychiatric problems. METHODS: Three family physicians in charge of their own adolescent clinics developed a five-item questionnaire for screening adolescents with psychiatric problems by reviewing related literature with consultation by a psychiatrist. After performing a pretest and gathering second opinions from other psychiatrists and nurse-teachers, final questionnaire was redeveloped. Verification of its reliability by using test-retest method and internal consistency by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient was done. Also inspection of its validity by comparing the scores of psychiatric patient group to normal group was done. And finally the discrimination point was obtained. RESULTS: For reliability Kappa value of new questionnaires ranged from 0.33 to 0.63. One item was dropped because of its negative influence to the internal consistency and the discrimination power. With the four final items, we estimated the validity for distinguishing psychiatric patients from the normal group by calculating the sensitivity and specificity of each cutting point of scores. For the each cutting point 1, 2, and 3, sensitivity was 85%, 75%, 40%, respectively, and specificity was 27%, 62%, 84%, respectively. We considered score 1 as the best cutting point because the purpose of the questionnaire was screening rather than diagnosis. CONCLUSION: A brief four-item screening questionnaire(SAPPO. Screening method of Adolescent Psychiatric Problems in Outpatient clinic) was developed and its reliability and validity was estimated.
Adolescent* ; Diagnosis ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening* ; Outpatients ; Physicians, Family ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Primary Health Care* ; Psychiatry ; Referral and Consultation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Hemangiomas are common benign soft tissue tumors found in pediatrics. Knowledge of prenatal image findings for hemangiomas can be essential for ensuring optimal antepartum and postpartum care. In this study, we provide a report the MR findings of a congenital hemangioma in the posterior neck region, which was different from the pre and postnatal image findings as well as a literature review.
Fetal Diseases ; Fetus ; Hemangioma* ; Neck ; Pediatrics ; Postnatal Care ; Prenatal Diagnosis