The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cantilever length, load, and implant number on the stress distribution of implant supported fixed prosthesis. In the replica of an edentulous human mandible, four or five implants were placed and spaced evenly between the mental foramina and symmetrical gold alloy cast superstructures with cantilever were fabricated. Strain gauges were placed in buccal and lingual side of implants. 9, 15, 21kg of loads at varying cantilever lengths were applied to the occlusal surface of fixed prostheses. The strains were recorded from each gauge and principal stresses were calculated The results were as follows : 1. Increasing the length of the cantilever increased the stresses on the bone supporting implants, and the ratio of increase became high as increasing the load. 2. In the model with four implants, the highest compressive stress was measured on lingual side of the first implants nearest loading point and the highest tensile stress was measured on buccal side of the second implants. 3. In the model with five implants, the highest compressive stress was measured on lingual side of the first implants nearest loading point. And the highest tensile stress was measured on buccal side of the second implants, and lingual side of the third implants. 4. There was no significant change of the magnitude of stress on the most distal implant of non cantilevered side as increasing the cantilever length or load. 5. In general, the superstructure supported by five implants reduced the stress and was less affected by cantilever length compared to the support provided by four implants.
Alloys ; Humans ; Mandible ; Prostheses and Implants*

It has been well recognized that the various cutaneous manifestations associated with liver diseases. A clinical study was made of 255 patients (AVH84, LC70, HC41, CAH26, CPH23, AH11) with the liver diseases at Yeungnam University Hospital during the periods from May to November, 1985. The authors classified the cutaneous manifestations into 7 groups according to pathogenesis, and compared them with other reports. The results were as follows: 1. In 255 patients with various liver diseases, 161 patients (63%) showed the various cutaneous manifestations. 2. The various cataneous manifestations were jaundice and/or pruritus (43.1%), vascular changes (39.6%), allergic manifestations (10.6%), nail changes (5.1%), hormone-induced changes (4.3%), pigmentary changes (3.5%) and others (2.4%) in that order. 3. Cutaneous manifestations were associated most frequently with liver cirrhosis (1.6 groups) and the least with chronic active hepatitis (0.7 group). 4. Allergic manifestations were seen mainly in patients with acute viral hepatitis. Three patients showed the serum sickness-like prodrome. 5. The other cutaneous manifestations were seen mainly in patients with chronic liver diseases.
Clinical Study ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases* ; Liver* ; Pruritus

Norwegian scabies is a rare clinical variant of human infestation with Sarcoptes sabiei var, hominis, distinguished from the common form of scabies by the presence of remarkable hyperkeratotic scaly crusted skin lesions. We report two cases of Norwegian scabies occuring in a 25-year-old man with merital retardation and in a 9-year-old boy with aplastic anemia, The first case is characterized. by an extensive hyperkeratotic thickening and crusting of the dorsa of hands, knee 8: elbow joints. There is also subungual accumulation of horny rlebris with nail distortion. Histologically, the epidermis shows a mite in straturn comeurn and mild acanthosis in stratum malpighii. Immunoperoxidase for Ig G,M,A is not stained in the clermoepiderrnal junction and capillary wall of upper dermis. The second case shows hyperkeratotic scaly papules and p]aques on the hands, feet, extremities and trunk. 1'he diagnosis vvas confirrned by the demonstration of adults, nymphs, larvas and eggs of Sarcoptes scabiei con the KOH examination of the skin scrapings. hey l3'ords: Norwegian scabies, Mental retardation, Aplastic anemia
Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Capillaries ; Child ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Eggs ; Elbow Joint ; Epidermis ; Extremities ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Knee ; Larva ; Male ; Mites ; Nomifensine ; Nymph ; Ovum ; Sarcoptes scabiei ; Scabies* ; Skin

Kerion celsi is severe inflammatory type of tinea capitis. It occurs almost exclusively in pre-pubertal children. We report a case of Kerion celsi occuring in a 79-year-old woman. Culture of infected hair on Sabouraud glucose agar showed Microsporum canis Farnily history and fungus study suggested the importance of indirect route in Microsporum canis infection.
Agar ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Fungi ; Glucose ; Hair ; Humans ; Microsporum* ; Tinea Capitis*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hearing* ; Humans ; Tinnitus*

In planning treatment of tibial condylar fracture, the patient's age and physical condition, associated ligament injury and accurate fracture diagnosis, such as presence and degree of separatiori of split fragment, type of fracture and the severity of comminution must be considered. For accurate diagnosis, many kinds of methods including simple X-ray, arthroscopy, arthrography and tomography can be used. In spite of these procedures, sometimes we cannot know the accurate fracture morphology. The computed tomography(CT) has many advantages over other diagnostic methods. The application of CT in the evaluation of patients with spinal and pelvic fractures has been established, but rarely has its usefulness been noted in tibial condylar fracture. We thought that in assessing tibial condylar fracture, CT is more useful and accurate than conventional radiography. From March 1985 to August 1986, we took 17 patients(18 cases) of tibial condylar CT and were convinced with that it is a good diagnostic method. The results are as follows: l. In 5 cases, we could find a new fracture on CT film, which was impossible to be detected on simple X-ray. 2. In 7 cases, the fracture classification by plain X-rays was changed after CT check-up. 3. We could make the decision of treatment methods easily through more realistic classification and better recognition of split and comminution. 4. Proper approach could be done by understanding the accurate fracture size and localization.
Arthrography ; Arthroscopy ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Radiography

Nonsurgical endoscopic or percutaneous dilatation and insertion of an endoprosthesis is the treatment of choice in the majority of patiens with incurabie malignant biliary obsturction. But these palliative treatment of extrahepatic cholestasis with an endoscopic or percutaneous biliary endoprosthesis is limited by clogging. One of the factors thought to be of importance is the diameter of the stent. So in order to avoid being limited by the size of the instrumentation channel of the endoscope, expandable stents have been developed. Wallstent is braided in the form of a tubular mesh from surgical grade stainless alloy. This prosthesis is geometrically stable, pliable and self expanding. Its elastic properties are such that its diameter can be substantially reduced by moderate elongation. The stent is constrainded on a small diameter delivery catheter(total outside diameter: 9 French). During the implantation procedure the final position of the partially released endoprosthesis can be adjusted by gradual removal of the delivery catheter. If full expansion to 30 French occurs, the stent will be shortened by approximately 30% to their normal length range between 34-102mm. Now in this article we report a new method for endoscopic retrograde placement of biliary Wallstent in a patient with obsturctive jaundice due to periampullary choangiocacrcinoma.
Alloys ; Catheters ; Cholestasis, Extrahepatic ; Dilatation ; Endoscopes ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Palliative Care ; Prostheses and Implants ; Stents