No abstract available.
Hepatorenal Syndrome*

PURPOSE: The study was conducted to describe body shapes of school age children using the degree of obesity index (DOI) and body mass index obesity index classified by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (M-BOI) and Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (S-BOI). METHODS: In this cross sectional descriptive study health screening data for school children collected in 2007 was used. RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 2,193 4th-6th grade boys (52%) and girls who attended 4 schools in rural areas. DOI determined that only 44.3% of students had average weight. This proportion was much lower than the results of other methods (74.3-77.6%). All three methods defined girls (51.3-61.8%) as skinnier than boys. Skinny and average body shaped children classified by DOI and obese children classified by S-BOI were heavier and taller and presented higher degrees of obesity (DO) and BMI scores than by other methods. M-BOI and S-BOI presented statistically significant positive correlations with weight, height, DO and BMI, while DOI was not correlated with height. CONCLUSION: BMI based body shape classifications provide a more rigorous classification of body shape which are favorable for school health professionals with limited resources and policy makers for internationally comparable references.
Anthropometry ; Body Height ; *Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity/*epidemiology ; Students/classification

Psoriasis has been known to have various humoral and cellular immune abnormalities. And adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities are known to be decreased in immune deficiency diseases. The present study was designed to measure the activities of ADA in sera and erythrocytes of psoriasis patients by Giustiss method. There were no significant differences in the erythrocytes ADA activities between normal subjects (9, Gp+4 43 units/10 cells) and psoriasis patients (7, 29+3. 64 units /10 cells). The ADA activities in sera of the psoriasis patients (13. 15+3. 43 units/ L) showed lowered activities than those of normal subjects (20. 44-2, 07 units/L).
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Deficiency Diseases ; Erythrocytes* ; Humans ; Psoriasis*

No abstract available.
Ciliary Motility Disorders*

A 53-year-old man had skin-colored linear serpiginous plaque within brownish patch on his left thigh for one year. He habitually drank natural spring water for 3 years. We diagnosed this case as sparganosis infiltrated within dermis by histologic and parasitologic diagnosis. The skin lesion mimicked the cutaneous larva migrans by showing dermal migration of sparganum to pro-duce itchy linear serpiginous plaque. We report an interesting case of sparganosis mimicking cutaneous larva migrans.
Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Larva Migrans* ; Middle Aged ; Natural Springs ; Skin ; Sparganosis* ; Sparganum ; Thigh ; Water

BACKGROUND: Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD) is a non-invasive and easily applicable method to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics. The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of TCD parameters detecting high-grade extracranial carotid stenosis. METHODS: The subjects were 17 patients who showed high-grade carotid stenosis (>75%) or occlusion on cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and 18 patients whose DSA were normal. TCD parameters were reversed ophthalmic artery flow (OR), reversed anterior cerebral arterial (ACA) flow (AR), increased flow velocity of contralateral ACA (>80cm/sec; CA), decreased flow velocity of ipsilateral MCA (<30cm/sec; IM), absence of ICA flow at siphon(IS), reduced flow acceleration (<280cm/sec2; FA) and pulsatility index (<0.5; PI) of MCA. RESULTS: The sensitivity of each parameter was 23.5% for OR, 47% for AR, 58.8% for CA, 5.9% for IM, 23.5% for IS, 70.6% for FA and 11.8% for PI, while their specificity was 100% in all parameters, except IS, 83.3%. When AR, CA and FA are combined, the sensitivity increased up to 86.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced flow acceleration of MCA and parameters related with collateral flow through the anterior communicating artery were proved to be more sensitive TCD parameters detecting high-grade extracranial carotid stenosis or occulsion than other parameters. Thus patients with abnormal TCD measurements of these parameters may need further evaluation for carotid disease.
Acceleration ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Arteries ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Stenosis* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography* ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial

The hair growth of the scalp is influenced by many systemic and local factors. So the study of standard hair growth rate is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of some pathological conditions. That study has not been done well in Korea. The present study was to establish the standard hair growth rate of the scalp of healthy Koreans at different ages. The investigations were carried out on 509 individuals of both sexes whose ages ranged between 2 and 69 years. The subjects were grouped according to 5 age periods. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean value of the daily scalp hair growth rate was 0.401+ 0.037mm. 2. The daily hair growth rate of each groups were as follows: under 10 years of age; 0.367+0.032mm, in the teenagers; 0.419,+0. 032mm, in the twenties0.398+0.037mm, in the thirties and fourties; 0.394+0.034mm, above 50 years of age 0.386+029mm. 3. Sex differences of each age groups in the scalp hair growth were not statistically significant.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Hair* ; Humans ; Korea ; Scalp ; Sex Characteristics

The clinical observation was done on 126 patients of Ota's nevus, 113 of whom were seen at Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Hospital from January 1973 through July 1983, and 13 of whom were found among 45, 87l male and female students of high school in Kwangju City, Korea. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The incidence of male and female students of Ota's nevus were respectively 0. 013% and 0.043%, with the incidence,as a whole being 0.03%, whereas the frequency of Ota's nevus among the outpatients was 0. 24% with the ratio of male to female being 1: 2. 67. 2. There was only one family of familial occurrence, in which 2 sisters were involved among 5 siblings. 3. Thirty three percent of Ota's nevus showed the onset at birth. 4. According to Tanino's classification, our patients showed that Type II was 41.7% and then Type Ia, III, Ib, and IV being respectively 33. 3%, 16. 7, 4.2, and 4. 2%. 5. Seleral involvement was 54.2%, especially in type III and Type II. 6. The color was increased in 54%, especially Type II by internal and external factors such as fatigue, warm temperature, menstruation and cold temperature. 7. The color intensification was prominent at the age of 10 to 14.
Classification ; Cold Temperature ; Dermatology ; Fatigue ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Korea ; Male ; Menstruation ; Nevus of Ota* ; Outpatients ; Parturition ; Siblings

The expression of P-glycoprotein in gynecological tissues was studied by immunohistochemical staining methods. Aspects of study included the expression of P-glycoprotein in different tissues throughout the clinical treatment regimen, the relationship between the expression of P-glycoprotein and the degree of pathologic malignancy, and the expression of P-glycoprotein in cancerous tissue before and after chemotherapy. Studies were based on patients who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1988 to December 1993. Tissue samples collected prior to chemotherapy included 34 ovarian cancers, 73 cervical cancers, and 11 endometrial cancers. Pre and post-chemotherapy tissue samples included 11 ovarian cancers and 15 cervical cancers. Normal tissue samples included 12 from the ovaries, 15 from the cervix, and 10 from the endometrium. RESULTS ARE AS FOLLOWS:1. p-glycoprotein was mainly found in the cytoplasm of both normal tissue cells and cells of tissues prior to chemotherapy. After chemotherapy it was found more intensely in the cell membrane than in the cytoplasm. 2. For normal tissue, p-glycoprotein was found in 25% of ovarian tissues, 33.3% of uterine cervical tissues, and 40.0% of endometrial tissues. 3. For cancerous tissues prior to chemotherapy, p-glycoprotein was found in 45.5% of ovarian cancer cases, 47.9% of uterine cervical cancer cases, and 45.5% of endometrial cancer cases. There was no statistically meaningful difference in these rates in cancerous versus normal tissues. 4. The expression of P-glycoprotein in cancerous tissues prior to chemotherapy was not related to histologic type. 5. For ovarian cancer tissue, p-glycoprotien was expressed in 45.5% of cases prior to chemotherapy, and 54.4% of cases subsequent to chemotherapy. For uterine cervical cancer tissue, p-glycoprotein expression rates before and after chemotherapy was 46.7% and 60.0% respectively and there was a statistically meaningful difference(p<0.05). 6. There was no relationship between P-glycoprotein expression in cancer tissues after chermotherapy and the presence of cisplatin in chemotherapeutic drugs. 7. For uterine cervical cancer tissues prior to chemotherapy, there was no relationship between the degree histologic differentiation and the expression of P-glycoprotein. 8. For cancerous tissues there was no relationship between clinical stage and the expression of P-glycoprotein. In conclusion, the expression of P-glycoprotein was identified in the tissues before the drug exposure. However, there was no relationship between the expression of P-glycoprotein and hlstologic type, clinical stage, and effectiveness of chemotherapy, This may be related to P-glycoprotein inducing a cellular resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, although the importance of this resistance is thought to be small. Further studies of P-glycoprotein are needed to delineate its role in cellular anticancer drug resistance.
Cell Membrane ; Cervix Uteri ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Cisplatin ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Resistance ; Drug Therapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Endometrium ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Obstetrics ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ovary ; P-Glycoprotein* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

An obese parturient can pose considerable physiologic and technical chalenges to an anesthesiologist. The combined pulmonary changes of pregnancy and obesity commonly make for hypoventilation & hypoxemia because they have both a reduced functional residual capacity and an increased oxygen consumption. The cardiovascular system is also stressed by obesity and pregnancy; both conditions contribute to increased cardiac work. Hypotension is frequently associated with spinal anesthesia because of aortocaval compression by the enlarged uterus and sympathetic blockade. In general anesthesia, obesity is an important risk factor for difficult intubation. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents is another significant risk of general anesthesia. Obese parturients are at high risk for developing hypoxia during the induction of anesthesia. We successfully managed the first Cesarean section of a morbidly obese parturient (25 years old, BMI = 54.19 kg/m2) with pregnancy induced hypertension using spinal anesthesia. Then, 1 year later we also successfully managed the second Cesarean section in the same patient (26 years old, BMI = 54.95 kg/m2) using general anesthesia. We restress the importance of anesthetic management of morbidly obese parturients in this case report.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anoxia ; Cardiovascular System ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Functional Residual Capacity ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Hypotension ; Hypoventilation ; Intubation ; Obesity ; Oxygen Consumption ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Uterus