No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

No Abstract Available.

OBJECTIVES: In this study we performed an analysis of the stress associated with the working conditions of 6,764 workers based on 'A survey of healthy condition of workers on 1999'by the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency. The Purpose of this study was to provide basic data for health education and management for industrial workers'health promotion. METHODS: Collected data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis, using the SPSS 10.0 program. RESULTS: When the degrees of stress were analyzed according to demographic characteristics, females were found to have higher levels of stress than males (p<0.001). Furthermore, as age was lowered and as the work space became larger, the degrees of a stress were also found to be higher (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). When the degrees of stress were analyzed according to working conditions, longer working hours (p<0.001) and reduced break times (p<0.05), gave rise to higher degrees of stress. Also, as the work space was reduced in size and as the work intensity was augmented, the degrees of a stress were made higher (p<0.01). In terms of physical working conditions, humidity and a lack of sense of security resulted in higher degrees of stress (p<0.01). When the workers sense that their environment is noisy or dusty has poor lighting or ventilation or that the rest room and cafeteria facilities are inadequate, the degrees of stress are found to be higher. As regards the social environment, when the workers sensed that the degree of job demand or job control was higher or that the degree of social support was lower, the degrees of stress were increased (p<0.001). Among those factors which influenced physical stress in the stepwise multiple regression analysis, the primary factor was found to be the safety of the working place (5.1 %). Other factors which influenced physical stress were degree of job demand, age, work intensity, humidity, sexual discrimination, length of working hours, size of work space and the existence or not of a regular break time in this order. Total R2 due to these factors was 12%. Among those factors which influenced mental stress in the stepwise multiple regression analysis, the primary factor was the degree of job demand (4.8 %). Other factors which influenced mental stress were humidity, age, sexual discrimination, the degree of a job control, safety of the working place, degree of social support, a working site, size of the work space, quality of lighting, the existence or not of a regular break time and length of working hours in this order. Total R2 due to these factors was 13.1 %. CONCLUSIONS: The above results shows that working conditions are strongly related to stress. Furthermore, when both physical and social working conditions are continuously managed and improved, workers may not only reduce their levels of stress but also maximize their working efficiency.
Analysis of Variance ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Humidity ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Social Environment ; Social Work ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Hamartoma*

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Ascorbic Acid* ; beta Carotene* ; Tretinoin*

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to measure the level of vicarious trauma, posttraumatic growth (PTG), and other factors affecting PTG among child protective service workers. METHODS: We include posttraumatic stress, social support, stress coping, and demographic data as independent variables. Data was collected from 255 full-time social workers from 43 child protective agencies as acomplete enumeration and 204 included in the final analysis. RESULTS: The major findings of the study were as follows: The mean score of PTG was 44.09 (SD:21.73). Hierarchical multiple regression was adopted and "pursuing social support as a way of coping with stress" was the strongest predictive factor (beta=0.319, p<0.001) of PTG. CONCLUSION: We suggest that child protective workers are vulnerable to posttraumatic stress and mental health services are indicated. We also recommend various types of training for stress coping program, especially strengthening the social support system of the child protective service workers in South Korea.
Child ; Child Welfare* ; Child* ; Humans ; Mental Health Services ; Republic of Korea ; Social Work

The presnt study was carried out to find out any difference in terms of the rate of rebleeding, mortality and of the occurrence of vasopasm and hydrocephalus between the two groups of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage : a group of 225 cases which were administered with epsilon aminocaproic acid(EACA) (antifibrinolytic agent) and the other a group of 221 cases without EACA treatment. Both groups were chosen from 476 patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung-Hee University Medical Center within 7 days after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage during a period from January 1982 to December 1987. The clinical observation was done during acute period following subarachnoid hemorrhage. The major findings obtained were as follows : 1) The occurrence of rebleeding was higher within 3 days after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The rate of rebleeding was 8.4% in treated group whereas the rate was 13.1% in control group. This may suggest that administration of EACA is effective to prevent rebleeding. 2) the occurrence of vasopasm was higher within on the 7th and 8th day after the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The rate of vasospasm was 28.9% in treated group whereas the rate was 12.4% in control group. This means that the rate of occurrence of vasospasm was two times higer in EACA treated group. 3) the rate of occurrence of hydrocephalus was 18.3% in treated group whereas the rate lower in control group(11.6%). 4) Within-two-weeks mortality and within-one-month mortality were 14.7% and 22.2% respectively in treated group whereas the two rates in control group were 15.1% and 24.1% respectively. No significant difference between the two groups was observed. 5) The causes of death in treated group were found to be vasospasm(55.5%) and rebleeding(28.0%) in order, whereas in control group the causes of deaths were rebleeding(40.2%) and vasospasm(21.3%). In other words, the main cause of death was vasospasm in treated and that in control group was rebleeding.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cause of Death ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Even short-term treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in essential hypertension has been known to improve left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, LV hypertrophy (LVH), and aortic stiffness. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonist (Losartan) on LV diastolic function, LVH, and aortic stiffness in essential hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three hypertensive patients who were aged over 50 years, previously untreated, and without cardiac, renal, neurologic disease, or diabetes, were studied. Before and 12 weeks after monotherapy with Losartan 50 mg q.d., (1) supine arterial blood pressure by sphygmomanometry, (2) interventricular septum and LV posterior wall thickness, and LV end-diastolic dimension by M-mode echocardiography, (3) mitral peak E and A wave velocity by doppler echocardiography, (4) pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the descending aorta from aortic arch to the bifurcation by doppler echocardiography, were done. RESULTS: Twelve weeks after treatment, systolic blood pressure was lowered from 168.2+/-3.5 mmHg to 142.9+/-2.9 mmHg (p<0.05), diastolic blood pressure from 98.52.4 mmHg to 87.51.3 mmHg (p<0.05). Peak E/A ratio was increased from 0.75+/-0.04 to 0.82+/-0.04 (p<0.05). LV mass was decreased from 267.5+/-15.8 g to 235.6+/-12.6 g (p<0.05), and LV mass index from 166.8+/-8.0 g/m2 to 146.9+/-6.0 g/m2 (p<0.05). However, there were no significant change in PWV (from 7.18+/-0.10 m/sec to 7.23+/-0.30 m/sec, p>0.05), compliance (from 1.31+/-0.04 to 1.34+/-0.12, p>0.05), and compliance index (from 0.16+/-0.01 to 0.15+/-0.01, p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Short-term treatment with Losartan decreases blood pressure, improves LV diastolic function and LVH, but not aortic stiffness.
Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Compliance ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy ; Losartan* ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Receptors, Angiotensin ; Vascular Stiffness* ; Ventricular Function, Left*

A 46 years old woman developed a sudden transcalvarial brain herniation 1 hour after removal of a huge right frontal arteriovenous malformation intraoperatively. In spite of all possible anes- thesiologic resuscitative treatments, the brain swelling was not subsided. Resuscitative resection of the frontal lobe was done. The brain CT taken immediately postoperatively showed a large unsuspected epidural hematoma over the contralateral left temporal and occipital areas. This rare complication should be remembered during brain surgery if unexpected brain swelling occurs without apparent reasons after resection of arteriovenous malformation.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Craniotomy ; Female ; Frontal Lobe ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Middle Aged

We calculated the age specific Proportionate Morbidity Ratio(PMR)' for different areas as the outcome index by using the national cancer registry data(1988 1991) to assess the patterns of stomach cancer and bladder cancer. Also, we calculated 'Manufacturing workers Concentration Index(MCI)' for different areas as the exposure index by using the census data reported in 1980 to assess the relationship between cancer site specific PMRs and MCIs. As a result, we found the significant correlation(r=0.61, p=0.002) between the bladder cancer in the age of 40s and the industrial exposure indicator. Future analytic studies should be fruitful in identifying more occupational risk factors for bladder cancer. Investigation of cancer incidence including geographic variations and difference by age may identify patterns suggesting occupational exposures.
Adult* ; Censuses ; Fruit ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Male* ; Occupational Exposure* ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*