No abstract available.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel* ; Proteinuria*

The gene expressions of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) from human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) stimulated by C. albicans were investigated by using ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and northern blotting. HPBL (1 X 10'/ml) obtained from normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured with live C. albicans (LCA) or heat killed C. albicans type A 311 (KCA, 3 X 10/ml) for various times (0.5, 1, 4, 8, 18, 24, 48 and 72 hours). On the purpose of this experiment, we also used lipopolysacchalide (LPS, 10 ug/ml), zymosan (1, 10, 100 ug/ml) as a polysacchaide component of the wall of yeast cells or TNFa (50, 100 ng/ml) as a IL-6 inducers. For observation of the level of IL-6 gene expression, actinomycin D (AD, 5 pg/ml) or cyclohexamide (CHX, 25 ug/ml) was added to HPBL stimulated with LCA for 0.5, 2, 4 hours and the HPBL were assessed for IL-6 mRNA. The highest value for IL-6 activity by LCA were observed at 48 hours reaction, but in the case of KCA, highest value of IL-6 activity was observed at 72 hours reaction and the value was also higher (500 pg/ml) than that of LCA (188 pg/ml). 1L-6 mRNA induced by LCA were detected up to 48 hours but in the case of KCA, the band for IL-6 mRNA were far stronger and appeared until lately than that of LCA. Therefore, the results of IL-6 gene expression agreed with that of ELISA.
Blotting, Northern ; Dactinomycin ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression* ; Hot Temperature ; Humans* ; Interleukin-6 ; Lymphocytes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger ; Yeasts ; Zymosan

A 49-year-old man presented with right basal ganglia hemorrhage due to a ruptured distal lenticulostriate artery aneurysm associated with ipsilateral occlusion of M1 segment of middle cerebral artery with moyamoya-type vessels. Conservative treatment was initially selected. However, the patient suddenly became drowsy with left hemiparesis due to recurrent bleeding 14 days after admission, and excision of the aneurysm was urgently performed via right frontotemporal craniotomy. The follow-up angiography showed successful resolution of the aneurysm. This report describes a rare case of a distal lenticulostriate artery aneurysm associated with ipsilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion with moyamoya-type vessels, which resulted in intracerebral hemorrhage on the right basal ganglia and intraventricular hemorrhage.
Aneurysm* ; Angiography ; Arteries* ; Basal Ganglia ; Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Craniotomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Middle Aged ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Paresis

The prevalence of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is approximately 3% in children. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common cause of OSAS in children, and obesity, hypotonic neuromuscular diseases, and craniofacial anomalies are other major risk factors. Snoring is the most common presenting complaint in children with OSAS, but the clinical presentation varies according to age. Agitated sleep with frequent postural changes, excessive sweating, or abnormal sleep positions such as hyperextension of neck or abnormal prone position may suggest a sleep-disordered breathing. Night terror, sleepwalking, and enuresis are frequently associated, during slow-wave sleep, with sleep-disordered breathing. Excessive daytime sleepiness becomes apparent in older children, whereas hyperactivity or inattention is usually predominant in younger children. Morning headache and poor appetite may also be present. As the cortical arousal threshold is higher in children, arousals are not easily developed and their sleep architectures are usually more conserved than those of adults. Untreated OSAS in children may result in various problems such as cognitive deficits, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, poor academic achievement, and emotional instability. Mild pulmonary hypertension is not uncommon. Rarely, cardiovascular complications such as cor pulmonale, heart failure, and systemic hypertension may develop in untreated cases. Failure to thrive and delayed development are serious problems in younger children with OSAS. Diagnosis of pediatric OSAS should be based on snoring, relevant history of sleep disruption, findings of any narrow or collapsible portions of upper airway, and confirmed by polysomnography. Early diagnosis of pediatric OSAS is critical to prevent complications with appropriate interventions.
Achievement ; Adult ; Appetite ; Arousal ; Child ; Dihydroergotamine ; Early Diagnosis ; Enuresis ; Failure to Thrive ; Headache ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Hypertrophy ; Neck ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; Obesity ; Polysomnography ; Prevalence ; Prone Position ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Snoring ; Somnambulism ; Sweat ; Sweating

No abstract available.
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute*

Due to an increasing interest in esthetics and concerns about toxic and allergic reactions to certain alloys, patients and dentists have been looking for metal-free tooth-colored restorations. Recent improvement in technology of new all-ceramic materials and composite materials has broadened the options for esthetic single crown restorations. The aim of this investigation was to study the fracture strength of the metal-free posterior single crowns fabricated using two recently introduced systems, Empress 2 ceramic and Targis-Vectris. Forty premolar-shaped stainless steel dies with the 1mm-wide circumferential shoulder were prepared. Ten cylindrical crowns having a diameter of 8.0mm and total height of 7.5mm were fabricated for each crown system respectively (PFM, Empress staining technique, Empress 2 layering technique, and Targis-Vectris). The crowns were filled with cement and placed on the stainless steel dies with firm finger pressure. The crowns were then stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours before testing. The crowns were tested for fracture strength in an Instron universal testing machine (Instron 6022). With a crosshead speed of 1mm/min the center of the occlusal surface of the crown was loaded using a 4mm-diameter stainless steel ball until fracture occurred. The fracture surfaces of the crowns were gold coated and examined using scanning electron microscopy (Jeol JSM-840 Joel Ltd., Akishima, Tokyo, Japan). Within the parameters of this study the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The mean fracture strength for PFM crowns was 5829(+/-906)N; for Empress staining technique the fracture strength was 1697(+/-604)N; for Empress 2 Layering technique the fracture strength was 1781N(+/-400)N, and the fracture strength for Targis-Vectris was 3093(+/-475)N. 2. The fracture strength of the PFM crowns was significantly higher than that of the Empress 2 and the Targis-Vectris crowns (P<0.05). 3. The fracture strength of the Targis-Vectris crowns was significantly higher than that of the Empress 2 crowns (P<0.05). 4. No statistical difference was found when Empress staining technique was compared with Empress 2 layering technique. 5. The SEM image of fracture surface of Empress 2 crown showed a very dense microstructure of the lithium disilicate crystals and the SEM image of fracture surface of Targis-Vectris crown showed indentations of Vectris and some fibers torn off from Vectris.
Alloys ; Ceramics* ; Crowns* ; Dentists ; Esthetics ; Fingers ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Lithium ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Shoulder ; Stainless Steel ; Water

A total of 100 Vibrio spp. strains were examined for production of various extracellular enzyme and for plasmid content plasmid were subjected to digestion with restriction enzymes. Most of them produced extracellular enzyme more than one, especially V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae non-01 strains were showed production of various extracellular enzymes. About the 55% Vibrio spp. have the plasmid more than one, but a lot of Vibrio spp. (about 45%) did not possess any plasmid. Most of these plasmid various derivatives ranged from 2.4 kb-23 kb, especially two strains of V. mimicus and one strain of V. furnissii carried one high-molecular weight plasmid (molecular weight ranging between 70 kb-100 kb). Results of restriction analysis for plasmid of this three strains were by no means the rule. For detection of tdh and ctx gene, the virulence factor involved in the pathogenesis, we carried out the TDH, CT assay, PCR amplification, and hybridization. A total 11 strains were produced TDH, involved in 4 strains of V. parahaemolyticus and 1 strain of V. cholerae non-01 from clinical isolates and 6 strains of environmental isolates. Nine strains of 11 strains, involved in 4 strains of V. parahaemolyticus and 1 strain of V. cholerae non-01 from clinical isolates and 4 strains of V. parahaemolyticus from environmental isolates, could be successfully amplified in 400 bp by PCR, no amplification products were obtained from TDH-negative strains. The PCR results were consistent with DNA hybridization. In the experiments of ctx gene detection, in all, 3 strains of V. cholerae non-01 from clinical isolate and 1 strains of V. cholerae non-01 from environmental isolate were observed CT- positive. These CT-producing strains amplified in 302 bp by PCR for the detection of ctx gene. All CT-producing strains hybridized with digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe, while CT-negative strains did not hybridize. Also hybridization tests results for detection of ctx gene consistent with PCR.
Cholera ; Digestion ; DNA ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vibrio* ; Virulence Factors* ; Virulence*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of repeat trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in the management of previous failed trabeculectomy patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 44 eyes of 41 glaucoma patients who had been followed up for at least 6 months after repeat trabeculectomy with MMC and analyzed the success rates according to clinical factors, cumulative success rates, risk factors for surgical failure and complications. Surgical success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 21 mmHg or less regardless of glaucoma medications and loss of vision. RESULTS: Postoperative success was obtained in 34 (77.3%) out of 44 eyes after a mean follow-up period of 38.7 months. From Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, cumulative success rates after 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 97.7%, 89.6%, 83.5%, and 80.1%, respectively. Success rates were significantly lower in eyes with preoperative IOP of 30 mmHg or more. Postoperative complications included transient hypotony in 7 eyes, choroidal detachment in 4, hyphema in 4, and cataract progression in 4. CONCLUSIONS: The success rates of repeat trabeculectomy may be lower than of primary trabeculectomy. However, considering the relatively high success rates and low complications of repeat trabeculectomy with MMC compared to the reported results of glaucoma drainage device implantation, repeat trabeculectomy with MMC is an effective and relatively safe surgical option as the secondary surgical procedure for previously failed trabeculectomy patients.
Cataract ; Choroid ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Intraocular Pressure ; Medical Records ; Mitomycin* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Trabeculectomy*

No abstract available.
Creatine Kinase* ; Electrophoresis*

Kawasaki disease is described by fever lasting five days or more, bilateral conjunctival injection, changes of lips and oral cavity, polymorphous exanthema, acute non-purulent cervical lymphadenopathy, and changes of extremities. Atypical Kawasaki disease is defined as fewer than 4 of 6 criteria described above including coronary artery abnormalities. Especially, atypical clinical manifestations of Kawasaki disease appear in infants younger than 6 months old of age. Thus we recommend echocardiography in early infancy who has prolonged fever in order to diagnose atypical Kawasaki disease and treat early. We have experienced three cases of atypical Kawasaki disease with coronary aneurysm who were admitted because of fever and revealed coronary aneurysm on echocardiography.
Coronary Aneurysm* ; Coronary Vessels ; Echocardiography ; Exanthema ; Extremities ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Lip ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mouth ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*