No abstract available.
Breast* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adult ; Cholecystectomy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gallbladder Diseases/pathology ; Hemobilia/*diagnosis/pathology/ultrasonography ; Humans ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The present study was performed to investigate the role catecholamine in the genesis of reperfusion injury of ischemic heart. The possible involvement of catecholamine in the xanthine oxidase-linked production of oxygen free radicals was studied. langendorff preparations of rat hearts were made ischemic for 60 min followed by reperfusion. Upon reperfusion norepinephrine(NE) was significantly released into the coronary effluent regardless of oxygenation of the perfusion solution. Both the increased releases of creatine phosphokinase(CPK) and malondialdehyde(MDA) and the production of superoxide anion in the ischemic-reperfused hearts were significantly reduced by the treatment with either reserpine, a catecholamine depletor, or propranolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. In the reserpinized hearts, infusion of exogenous NE reversed the releases of CPK and MDA and the superoxide anion production to the original higher levels. The releases of CPK and MDA as well as the production of superoxide anion induced by NE in the reserpinized hearts were significantly depressed either by allopurinol, a specific competitive inhibior of xanthine oxidase(XOD), or by the calcium removal from the perfusion solution. Compared with the XOD activity of control ischemic hearts, that of the hearts treated with reserpine or propranolol showed lower activity in the oxygen radical producing 0-form and higher activity in D/0-form. In the reserpinized ischemic hearts, infusion of exogenous NE increased 0-form, but decreased D/0-form of XOD. The changes in XOD activities induced by exogenous NE was prevented by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride(a serine protease inhibitor) and pimoxide(a calmodulin inhibitor) as well as by calcium removal from the perfusion solution. It is suggested from the results that in the inchemic-reperfused heart of rat catecholamine participates in D/0 to 0-form conversion of XOD by promoting the calcium-calmodulin-dependent proteolysis and plays a contributing role in the production of oxygen free radical.
Allopurinol ; Animals ; Calcium ; Calmodulin ; Creatine ; Free Radicals ; Heart* ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Propranolol ; Proteolysis ; Rats* ; Reperfusion Injury* ; Reperfusion* ; Reserpine ; Serine Proteases ; Superoxides ; Xanthine Oxidase* ; Xanthine*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The embryonal origin of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the principal cells in hepatic fibrogenesis, is still intriguing. We have previously demonstrated that human HSCs express cytokeratins which suggests the epithelial origin of these cells. To further explore the origin and the differentiation of HSCs we studied the expression of E-cadherin, the specific marker of epithelial cells, in human and rat HSCs. METHODS: We studied the changing pattern of E-cadherin expression during spontaneous activation of primarily isolated human HSCs by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. To confirm the expression of E-cadherin in HSCs in vivo we performed double immunofluorescence staining for E-cadherin and glial fibrillary acidic protein, the specific identification marker of quiescent rat HSCs, in normal rat liver. RESULTS: Quiescent human HSCs were labeled strongly by anti-E-cadherin monoclonal antibody at the first and seventh days after primary culture. Human HSCs, however, did not stain for E-cadherin after the first passage of culture. RT-PCR also confirmed these modulations of E-cadherin expression. Double immunofluorescence staining, performed on rat liver tissue and observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, unequivocally revealed the membranous expression of E-cadherin in quiescent HSCs labeled by glial fibrillary acidic protein. CONCLUSIONS: Quiescent HSCs of humans and rats express E-cadherin both in vitro and in vivo. The extent of E-cadherin expression rapidly decreases during the process of spontaneous activation. Our results suggest that HSCs may be of epithelial origin and undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition during activation process.
Animals ; Cadherins/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; English Abstract ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism ; Human ; Liver/cytology/*metabolism ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Synovitis*

Forty patients with preeclampsia, undergoing general anesthesia for Cesarean section were studied. They were allocated randomly to receive either propofol 2.5 mg/kg and laryngeal mask insertion or thiopental sodium 4 mg/kg and endotracheal intubation for induction of anesthesia. All patients receiving thiopental sodium and tracheal intubation showed potentially dangerous reflex cardiovascular instability. There was a average 48.7 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure after intubation. The patients receiving propofol and laryngeal mask insertion showed only 10.7 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure. It is concluded that thiopental sodium induction and traeheal intubation of patients with preecalmpsia produces an increase in blood pressure which can lead to a risk of significant complication. Thus propofol induction and laryngeal mask seems to be a suitable anesthetic method in preeclampsia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Pressure ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Propofol* ; Reflex ; Thiopental

High tibial osteotomy is a useful procedure in the treatment of early stage osteoarthritis of the knee which is confined to the medial compartment. But long term follow-up study of high tibial osteotomy has not been provided yet and its prerequisite for a successful result still remains unrevealed. Since the osteoarthritis can progress after the osteotomy, it may result in the loss of correction and recurrence of pain and require conversion to total knee replacement arthroplasty. We studied clinically and radiologically the long term result of high tibial osteotomy in 11 patients(16 knees) who had been treated at the Department of Orthopaedic surgery of Seoul Paik Hospital during the period from January, 1978 to May, 1989, and follow-up for longer than 4 years. Preoperative mean varus angle was 6.4 degrees and immediate postoperative mean valgus angle was 8.6 degrees and final mean valgus angle was 4.7 degrees. The average loss of correction angle was 3.9 degrees. At 2-year follow-up, the results of 16 knees were as follows; excellent in six knees, good in seven knees. The final results at average 7.2-year follow-up were excellent in four knees, good in six knees and one knee was converted to total knee replacement arthroplasty. The results showed deterioration of clinical results and loss of correction with time after osteotomy. However, in more than half of the cases the results were good or excellent at the final follow-up, We, therefore, conclude that high tibial osteotomy is still a useful procedure in osteoarthritis of the knee if performed with a precise surgical technique and an adequate overcorrection more than 10 degrees.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy ; Recurrence ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Spondylitis*

The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized job description for dietitians working in the public health nutrition area. Work-oriented job analysis methodology was employed for the study purpose. Subjects of 38 dietitians currently working at health centers in 2002 were recruited. Based on the focus group interview with 7 public health nutritionists and 7 professors, information about task elements was collected. Questionnaires measuring work performance and self-perception of importance of the selected task elements were administered. Reliability and validity of this instrument were tested by Chronbach's alpha and factor analysis. SAS PC package program was used for the statistical analysis. The final developed job description for public health nutritionists included 5 duties, 20 tasks and 93 task elements. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1) 5 duty areas are A. plan and evaluation of public health nutrition services, B. developing nutrition education materials, C. implementing nutrition services, D. networking community, and E. self development. 2) Each duty area from A to E was composed with 6, 2, 6, 4, 2 tasks, respectively. 3) Each duty area from A to E was composed with 24, 8, 38, 14, 9, and 2 task elements, respectively.
Focus Groups ; Job Description ; Phenothiazines ; Public Health ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Concept