Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge structure of health information (HI) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Keywords or meaningful morphemes from HI presented on five health-related websites (HRWs) of one national HI institute and four hospitals, as well as HI needs among patients presented in nine literature, were reviewed, refined, and analyzed using text network analysis and their co-occurrence matrix was generated. Two networks of 61 and 35 keywords, respectively, were analyzed for degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality, as well as betweenness community analysis. Results: The most common keywords pertaining to HI on HRWs were lung, inhaler, smoking, dyspnea, and infection, focusing COPD treatment. In contrast, HI needs among patients were lung, medication, support, symptom, and smoking cessation, expanding to disease management. Two common sub-topic groups in HI on HRWs were COPD overview and medication administration, whereas three common sub-topic groups in HI needs among patients in the literature were COPD overview, self-management, and emotional management. Conclusion The knowledge structure of HI on HRWs is medically oriented, while patients need supportive information. Thus, the support system for self-management and emotional management on HRWs must be informed according to the structure of patients’ needs for HI. Healthcare providers should consider presenting COPD patient-centered information on HRWs.

Cysts of the spleen are uncommon disease entities and can be classified as either primary (true) or secondary (pseudo-) depending on the presence of a true epithelial lining. True nonparasitic cysts of spleen are very rare, and the majority of the cases are classified as epidermoid cysts. True splenic cysts were found in three children during the last eleven years (1989~1999) in Yeungnam University Hospital. Two of the children were girls and one was boy. The age at diagnosis ranged from 7 to 15 years. Abdominal ultrasonography was utilized to the initial diagnosis, and computerized tomography was done for the detailed studies. Radionuclide scanning was performed in a patient. Surgical resection (one partial splenectomy and two total splenectomies) was performed. The cysts were from 4cm to 9cm in maximum diameter. Pathologic finding was epidermoid cyst of the spleen.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Spleen ; Splenectomy ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane (dHACM) to repair perforated sinus membranes in rabbits. METHODS: Bilateral surgical windows (7.5-mm diameter) were prepared on the nasal bones of 14 rabbits. Standardized circular perforations (5-mm diameter) were made in the sinus membrane by manipulating implant twist drills. The perforated sinus membranes were repaired using dHACM or a resorbable collagen membrane (CM). The negative control (NC) group did not undergo perforated sinus membrane repair, while the positive control (PC) group underwent sinus augmentation without perforations. The same amount of deproteinized porcine bone mineral was grafted in all 4 groups. After 6 weeks, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometric evaluations were conducted. RESULTS: The micro-CT analysis revealed that the total augmented volume was not significantly different among the groups. In the dHACM group, newly formed bone filled the augmented area with remaining biomaterials; however, non-ciliated flat epithelium and inflammatory cells were observed on the healed sinus membrane. Histometric analysis showed that the percentage of newly formed bone area in the dHACM group did not differ significantly from that in the CM group. The dHACM group showed a significantly higher percentage of newly formed bone area than the NC group, but there was no significant difference between the dHACM and PC groups. CONCLUSIONS: dHACM could be a feasible solution for repairing sinus membrane perforations that occur during sinus floor augmentation.
Amnion ; Biocompatible Materials ; Chorion ; Collagen ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Membranes ; Miners ; Nasal Bone ; Rabbits ; Sinus Floor Augmentation ; Transplants

INTRODUCTION: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a common procedure for the treatment of bone defects and bone augmentation. The non-resorbable barriers are well-documented barriers for GBR because of their stability and malleability. However, few GBR studies have focused on the different types of non-resorbable barriers. Therefore, this study examined the clinical results of different non-resorbable barriers for GBR; expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) (TR-Gore Tex, Flagstaff, AZ, USA), and high-density polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE) (Cytoplast membrane, Oraltronics, Bremen, Germany). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis was performed on patients treated with GBR and implant placement from January 2007 to October 2007 in the department of the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. The patients were divided into two groups based on the type of non-resorbable barrier used, and the amount of bone regeneration, marginal bone resorption after prosthetics, implant survival rate and surgical complication in both groups were evaluated. RESULTS: The implants in both groups showed high survival rates, and the implant-supported prostheses functioned stably during the follow-up period. During the second surgery of the implant, all horizontal defects were filled with new bone, and there was no significant difference in the amount of vertical bone defect. CONCLUSION: In bone defect areas, GBR with non-resorbable barriers can produce favorable results with adequate postoperative management. There was no significant difference in bone regeneration between e-PTFE and d-PTFE.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone Resorption ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Membranes ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Prostheses and Implants ; Survival Rate

Urinary tract calculi are among the earliest documented afflictions of man but much remains to be learned about the causes and prevention of this common disease. We estimated the serum concentration and urinary excretion of calcium in 65 stone-formers, comparing to those 21 controls. Additionally, serum parathyroid hormone level in 38 stone-formers was estimated. The results were as follows: 1. Serum calcium levels of stone formers were significantly higher than those of controls in total, male and female. 2. Urinary calcium levels of stone formers were significantly higher than those of controls in total, male and female. 3. Hypercalcemia was significantly more frequent for stone-formers in total and male, but not in female. 4. Hypercalcemia was significantly more frequent for stone-formers in total, but not in male and female. 5. The incidence of stone-formers, in whom normocalcemia and normocalciuria, was significantly less than that of controls. 6. Serum parathyroid hormone levels of stone formers were significantly higher than those of control in total and female, but not in male. 7. The elevated serum parathyroid hormone was more frequent in stone formers, but not significant statistically. These results suggest the possibility that metabolic disorder of calcium may play some roles in the genesis of urinary stone.
Calcium* ; Calculi ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Incidence ; Male ; Parathyroid Hormone* ; Urinary Calculi* ; Urinary Tract

A clinical observation was made on the injuries of genitourinary tract of the in-patient in the department of urology, Chungnam National University Hospital during the period from March, 1974 to February, 1978. The results are as follows. 1. Of 403 cases hospitalized, 73 cases were injury of genitourinary tract, giving a ratio of 18.1 %. 2. The most prevalent age was from 21 to 40 for 49.3 %. The sex ratio, male to female, was 3.3:1. 3. There was increasing tendency of genitourinary tract injury annually. 4. Traffic accident, fall or straddle and kick or blow were the most frequent causes of the injury in 23.3 % respectively and the next was iatrogenic in 15.1 %. 5. The urethra was involved most frequently in 45.2 % and the next was bladder in 23.3 % the kidney in 19.2 %, the external genitalia in 8.2 % and the ureter in 4.1 %. 6. Among the 17 cases of bladder injuries, 10 cases were vesico-vaginal fistulas. All 9 patients taken repair of fistula, were cured successfully with first attempt. 7. Operation was performed in 5 cases of 14 renal injuries. 8. Three of 7 bladder ruptures were accompanied with pelvic bone fracture. 9. 10 of 33 urethral injuries were accompanied with pelvic bone fracture. Posterior urethral injury was more common in traffic accident with pelvic bone fracture and bulbous urethral injury was more common in straddle injury.
Accidents, Traffic ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Female ; Fistula ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Pelvic Bones ; Rupture ; Sex Ratio ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

Author attempted to confirm characteristic mental symptoms of chronic prostatitis. 953 people of normal subjects, 336 patients of depressive neurotics and 183 patients of anxiety neurotics participated in this survey and each of the above groups was compared with 80 patients of chronic prostatitis respectively with intention of collection of anticipated data by means of Zung's Self-Rating Depressive Scale. Each of those groups was compared with calculated mean and standard deviation through t-test. Based on calculated means and standard deviations of each item, chronic prostatitis was compared with normal subjects, depressive neurotics and anxiety neurotics respectively by means of t-test. Each item was arranged in the order of means comparing chronic prostatitis with normal subjects, depressive neurotics and anxiety neurotics respectively. The above results are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of depressive symptom of chronic prostatitis was between that of normal subject and depressive or anxiety neurotics. 2. The psychologic symptom of chronic prostatitis patients appears to he more pronounced than that of normal subjects but physiologic symptom does not appear to be of considerable significance. 3. Depressive degree of chronic prostatitis was lower than depressive neurotics except 2 out of 20 items. 4. Comparing chronic prostatitis with anxiety neurotics, psychologic symptoms appeared to be more pronounced, but physiologic symptoms appeared to be more pronounced in anxiety neurotics. 5. There was no definitive correlation between psychological and physiological symptoms in anxiety neurotics. Chronic prostatitis patients, normal subjects, and depressive neurotics marked high in psychologic symptoms. From the above results, it could be concluded that depression of chronic prostatitis was originally similar to that of depressive neurotics and that the aspect of the quantity is of triviality.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Humans ; Intention ; Prostatitis*

It was suspected that a GUT infection could be a possible cause of infertility. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Trichomonas vaginalis and Gonococci on sperm motility. Human fresh spermatozoa from 50 healthy medical students were mixed and diluted with Trichomonas vaginalis and Gonococci. 30 specimens to Trichomonas vaginalis and 20 specimens to Gonococci were exposed with varying concentration from 10(4) to 10(6) organisms/ml of broth, respectively. Spermatozoal motility scale devised by Emmens was checked at serial time of hours in vitro. The following results were obtained: 1. The sperm motility of control groups among pure semen, semen with normal saline and semen with broth solution were no significant differences. 2. A significantly decreased sperm motility ensued in Trichomonas vaginalis experimental groups, 106 organisms/ml and broth extract contained metabolite, than control group. 3. There were no significant differences between control groups and experimental groups in Gonococci.
Humans ; Infertility ; Semen ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa* ; Students, Medical ; Trichomonas vaginalis* ; Trichomonas*

This case study investigated the clinical effect of guided bone regeneration (GBR) using Regenaform(R) and Ossix(R) membrane and the histology of the new bone that formed just under the membranes. Regenaform(R) transplantation and covering with Ossix(R) membrane were performed to repair bone defects around implants after implantation in three patients. After 3-4 months, the membranes were removed in a second operation, and a biopsy was taken under the membrane. The biopsies showed a bone density of 23-42percent, and subsequent prosthetic treatments were successful in all cases.
Biopsy ; Bone Density ; Bone Regeneration* ; Humans ; Membranes*

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the clinical progress and the maternal and fetal outcome in 16 pregnancies complicated by the HELLP(hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet). Material: We reviewed the maternal and neonatal charts from 16 consecutive pregnancies complicated by the HELLP syndrome among 302 pregnancies complicated by preeclamsia and eclamsia managed at our hospital during the period of 4 years from June 1994 through June 1998. The HELLP syndrome was defined by previously published laboratory criteria. We assessed the time of onset, presenting symptom, laboratory finding, mode of delivery, fetal and maternal complication in each case. We also reviewed the clinical finding in detail in the case resulted in maternal death. RESULTS: In regards to the time of onset, 15 cases (93.7%) occurred at antepartum period and only 1 case (6.2%) occurred at postpartum period. Among the 15 cases occurred at antepartum period, 13 cases (81.25%) developed at 27 to 36 weeks gestation and 2 cases (12.5%) developed at near term. In regards to the presenting symptom, twelve patients (75%) complained of right upper quardrant or epigastric pain. Of 16 patients, 12 patients (75%) experienced headache and 10 patients (62.5%) complained of nausea, or vomiting and 5 patients (31.2%) had visual disturbance. The laboratory finding of all 16 cases were as follow; the mean level of platelet: 68700/mm3 (range: 48000 to 91700), the mean level of serum asparate aminotransferase: 335 IU/L (range: 62 to 135), the mean level of lactic dehydrogenase: 910 IU/L (range: 558 to 5794), and the mean level of total bilirubin: 2.6 mg/dl (range: 0.7 to 10.4). To review the mode of delivery, cesarean sections were done on 10 patients (62.5%) including 7(43.7%) emergency and 3(18.7%) elective operations. However, 6 patients (37.5%) delivered vaginally. Maternal complications were as follow; abruptio placenta in 1 case (6.2%), DIC in 2 cases (12.5%), pulmonary edema in 3 cases (18.7%), pleural effusion in 4 cases (25%), renal failure in 4 cases (25%), and 1 case of death. Fetal and neonatal outcome was assessed; 9 cases of intrauterine growth retardation (56.2%), meconium stained in 3 cases (18.7%), 2 stillbirth (12.5%), and 2 neonatal death (12.5%). CONCLUSION: HELLP syndrome is associated with serious maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
Bilirubin ; Blood Platelets ; Cesarean Section ; Dacarbazine ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Headache ; HELLP Syndrome ; Hemolysis* ; Humans ; Liver* ; Maternal Death ; Meconium ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Oxidoreductases ; Placenta ; Pleural Effusion ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy* ; Pulmonary Edema ; Renal Insufficiency ; Stillbirth ; Vomiting