Preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) is expressed in the neuroendocrine organs such as the pituitary gland, the adrenal gland, the pancreas, the testis, etc. Vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1(VDUP1) gene is known to be a novel member of early response genes as an oxidative stress mediator. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Pref-1 and VDUP1 is involved in stress response in the adrenal gland following chronic immobilization stress. In situ hybridization for Pref-1 and VDUP1 genes (Pref-1 and VDUP1) was performed in the rat adrenal glands following immobilization stress, 2 hr once daily for 7 days. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that Pref-1 expression was up-regulated in rat adrenal medulla following chronic immobilization stress. However, Pref-1 was down-regulated in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex following chronic immobilization stress. VDUP1 expression was up-regulated in the zona glomerulosa and the adrenal medulla following chronic immobilization stress. These results show that Pref-1 and VDUP1 may be novel genes responding to chronic immobilization stress in adrenal gland.
Adrenal Cortex ; Adrenal Glands* ; Adrenal Medulla ; Animals ; Cholecalciferol* ; Immobilization* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Oxidative Stress ; Pancreas ; Pituitary Gland ; Rats* ; Testis ; Vitamins* ; Zona Glomerulosa

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Exanthema* ; Lymphadenitis* ; Scrub Typhus*

OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed Japanese consumers on their sauce consumption, and assessed the relationship between consumer innovativeness and consumption behavior for new sauce products. METHODS: The survey was completed by local consumers visiting Korean restaurants in Osaka, Japan, in September 2018. The demographic characteristics, consumption of sauce, consumer innovativeness, and factors of theory of planned behavior were evaluated. Totally, 150 collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 Program (IBM SPSS INC, Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS: Results of the survey indicate that Japanese consumers purchase a sauce by considering the taste and food utilization. Sauce purchases were maximum at mega markets and supermarkets. The consumer innovativeness for Japanese consumers was based on 3 factors: ‘Purchasing adventurous products (3.51 ± 0.96)’, ‘Active information seeking (4.36 ± 1.11)’, and ‘Interactive information seeking (4.33 ± 1.02)’, where the tendency of ‘Active information seeking’ was the highest innovativeness factor. Furthermore, higher values of perceived behavior control (4.68 ± 1.21), attitude (4.66 ± 1.41) and subjective norm (4.39 ± 1.28) were revealed, when assessing for theory of planned behavior factors. Correlating the variables of consumer innovation and factors of planning behavior theory, ‘Active information seeking’ is a positive attribute for attitude (p<0.016), subjective norm (p<0.001), and perceived behavior control (p<0.002). These 3 factors also had significantly positive effects on purchase intention for new sauce product (p<0.000, p<0.000, and p<0.002, respectively). Attitude was determined to be another very influential variable for purchase intention of a new sauce product (B=0.484, t=6.881). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study determine the consumption patterns of sauce for the Japanese consumer, and the relationship between consumer innovativeness and consumption behavior for Korean traditional sauces. We believe the data generated from this study will help determine a marketing strategy to enter the Japanese market.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Behavior Control ; Humans ; Intention ; Japan ; Marketing ; Restaurants

There have been few reports of manifestations such as vasculitis, nephrosis, neuritis, encephalitis, and serum sickness occuring in a temporal relation to insect stings. Symptoms usually start several days to several weeks after the sting and may last for a long time. Angioedema with eosinophilia induced by bee sting has not reported in medical literature. We report a case of eosinophilia with angioedema induced by bee venom in a 30-year-old woman whom presented with edema of extremities and peripheral blood eosinophilia. The patient had high titer of specific IgE to yellow jacket venom.
Adult ; Angioedema* ; Bee Venoms ; Bees* ; Bites and Stings* ; Edema ; Encephalitis ; Eosinophilia* ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Nephrosis ; Neuritis ; Serum Sickness ; Vasculitis ; Venoms ; Wasps

PURPOSE: Effective chest compressions may improve the return of spontaneous circulation and positive neurologic outcomes in cardiac arrest victims. Out of concern for rescuer fatigue, guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) recommend that the individual applying chest compressions should be switched every 2 minutes, but there is little evidence to support this recommendation. In this study, we investigated whether or not changing the individual who is applying chest compressions every 2 minutes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is appropriate or not. METHODS: We recruited health personnel working at one university hospital on a volunteer basis. On a randomly assigned day, we compared the effectiveness of the use of multiple rescuers following the 2 minute guideline, versus single rescuer (rescuer-limited) in performance of CPR. The resulting data was collected by use of CPR recording technology, and chest compression quality variables including compression rate, compression depth, proportion of adequate compression depth, and proportion of incomplete recoil were recorded. RESULTS: There were statistically significant improvements in the rescuer-limited trial outcome including average compression depth (p=0.013), proportion of adequate compression depth (p=0.027), and difference in reported fatigue (0.007). CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that a rescuer-limited method is more effective than the multiple rescuer method in terms of subjective fatigue and chest compression quality metrics.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Fatigue ; Health Personnel ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Thorax

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to correct anterior nasal septal dislocation and subluxation. This study reviewed our surgical technique for correcting septal dislocation and subluxation. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 20 patients who underwent septal reconstructive suturing of the cartilage to the premaxilla. Acoustic rhinometry, endoscopic pictures, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS: The results of acoustic rhinometry showed that there was significant (p<0.05) improvement in the minimum cross-sectional area on both sides of the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity volume was also increased bilaterally, although not significantly on the convex side (convex side, p=0.108; concave side, p=0.007). Thirteen patients had complete correction of the septal deformity on the endoscopic pictures and seven had incomplete correction. The VAS score for nasal obstruction was decreased significantly (p<0.05). Most patients (85%) felt satisfied with the surgery. Only one patient complained about a mild deformity of the external nose. No other major complications were encountered. CONCLUSION: The correction of caudal septal dislocation or subluxation with the excision of excessive septal cartilage and suturing the cartilage to the premaxilla are both successful methods for treating septal deformities.
Cartilage* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nose ; Patient Satisfaction ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinometry, Acoustic

OBJECTIVES: A mesiodens appears most commonly as a supernumerary tooth impacted in the anterior maxilla. The purpose of this study is analyze mesiodens clinically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gender, crown form, direction of impaction, relation to permanent incisors, and chief complaints of patients with extracted mesiodens were analyzed. RESULTS: Patients were analyzed for motivation to visit the hospital; 85.4% of the patients were referred from other hospitals. Mesiodens was more common in males than in females (3.7:1), and 70.1% of patients had only one mesiodens, while 29.6% had two mesiodenses. Of the mesiodenses, 61.4% were of the aconical form, and the most common direction was upward (62.4%), followed by the normal position (26.0%) and the horizontal position (11.6%). The mesiodenses caused orthodontic problems with the permanent incisors in 46.3% of cases. Mesiodens associated with dentigerous cyst was rarely observed in our patient group. CONCLUSION: Mesiodens is more common in males than in females and often affects the permanent incisors. Thus, careful clinical and radiological evaluations of mesiodenses are important.
Crowns ; Dentigerous Cyst ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Maxilla ; Motivation ; Tooth Abnormalities ; Tooth, Supernumerary

OBJECTIVES: There is still no consensus on the optimal treatment for primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGIL). The aim of this study was to compare surgery combined with chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in PGIL. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the treatment outcomes of 107 patients with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma diagnosed between March 1999 and December 2009 at Kosin University Gospel Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: 35 patients who underwent surgery combined with chemotherapy (group A) and 72 patients who were treated with chemotherapy alone (group B). And we analyzed prognostic factors associated with short survival. RESULTS: The 5-year progression free survival rates (PFS) of group A and B were 86.7% and 66.1%, respectively (P = 0.037), while the 5-year overall survival rates (OS) were 86.8% and 68.4%, respectively (P = 0.129). In multivariate analysis, Both PFS and OS were not changed by treatment strategies (surgery combined with chemotherapy or chemotherapy only). The international prognostic index (IPI) was the only independent predictive factor for PFS. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, surgery combined with chemotherapy and chemotherapy only make no difference of survival rate. And further randomized prospective studies are needed to confirm a treatment strategies at improving survival outcomes in PGIL patients.
Consensus ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: The expression of adhesion molecules contribute to development of systemic diseases. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-l(VCAM-1) is an endothelial cell membrane glycoprotein that has been implicated in leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions in inflammation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to characterize the surface expression and regulation of VCAM-1 on two different endothelial cells. METHOD: We examined the effects of the expression of VCAM-1 in two different endothelial cells, isolated from human umbilical cords and human glomerulus. Expression of VCAM-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and flow cytometry. RESULTS: In human umbilical cord endothelial cells(HUVECs), both interleukin-l B(IL-lB) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) increased VCAM-1 expression. VCAM-1 expression increased by TNF-a was higher than that increased by IL-lB. In human glomerular endothelial cells(HGECs), IL-lB and TNF-a markedly increased VCAM-1 expression. Conclusion. The regulation of VCAM-1 appears to be somewhat different in HGECs compared with HUVECs. These differences between the responsiveness of the two cells may possibly indicate inherent differences in endothelial cell derived from different vascular beds.
Cell Adhesion ; Cell Communication ; Cytokines* ; Endothelial Cells* ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; Inflammation ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Necrosis ; Umbilical Cord ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1*

Status epilepticus and seizure in childhood have various etiologies. Metabolic disorders may be an important cause of seizure and status epilepticus in childhood. Citrullinemia is a form of urea cycle defects and usually presents as an overwhelming neonatal illness. But in mild forms of citrullinemia, patients shows a gradual onset with frequent vomiting and developmental delay. We experienced a case of a 14-year-old boy presenting status epilepticus and hyperammonemia. The diagnosis of citrullinemia was made based on the elevated serum citrulline(about 20 times of the normal), and blood ammonia(over 500 micromol/L) as well as mutation of argininosuccinate synthetase gene. Although hemodialysis was done to remove elevated ammonia, he was expired due to hyperammonemic encephalopathy and brain death. So we suggest that metabolic disorders should be considered as one of the etiologies of status epilepticus in childhood.
Adolescent ; Ammonia ; Argininosuccinate Synthase ; Brain Death ; Citrullinemia* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperammonemia ; Male ; Renal Dialysis ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus* ; Urea ; Vomiting