PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the influence of nursing work environment and social support on multidimensional organizational commitment among nurses. METHODS: The survey was conducted in August 2012 with self-report questionnaire. Participants were 480 registered nurses working in one general hospital. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN(16.0). RESULTS: The average scores were; for affective commitment 2.84, for continuance commitment 2.48, and for normative commitment 2.57. There were significant relationships between affective, continuance, normative commitment and sub-factors of nursing work environment and social support. The affective, continuance, and normative commitment were all influenced by 'staffing and resource adequacy' and 'nursing foundations for quality of care', sub-factors of nursing work environment. Distinctively, affective commitment was influenced by 'staffing and resource adequacy', nurses' age, 'nurse-doctor relations', 'supervisor's emotional support', 'nurse participation in hospital affairs', 'nursing foundations for quality of care', and 'supervisor's informational support', which explained 30.9% of variance in affective commitment(F=31.57, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The findings show that programs which promote supervisors' emotional and informational support are important to enhance nurses' affective commitment. Also, it is necessary to improve nursing work environment to improve nurses' organizational commitment.
Foundations ; Hospitals, General* ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify factors for smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking on the basis of the social influence and self-efficacy [ASE] model. METHODS: Data were collected from 2,015 students from five middle schools in Daegu with a structured questionnaire in March, 2013 and analyzed by using chi2-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The smoking rate was 6.1% among the total subjects and 85.4% of the smokers had intention to quit smoking. The mean value of attitude toward quitting smoking was 2.15+/-0.34, that of social influence 3.38+/-0.65, and that of self-efficacy 2.84+/-0.95. The multiple regression analysis showed an explanatory power of 24.7%, and experience of trying to quit smoking was the strongest factor affecting the intention to quit smoking (beta=.34, p<.01), followed by school years and social influence. CONCLUSION: In order to increase smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking, intervention strategies are needed to increase positive social influence or to offer public information to younger smoking students in low school years.
Adolescent ; Daegu ; Humans ; Intention* ; Self Efficacy ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation ; Smoking* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study was designed to develope and test the structural model that explains alcohol consumption behaviors among university students in Republic of Korea. The hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of the literature review and Pender's Health promotion model. Data was collected from questionnaires from 512 university students in Republic of Korea, from August to September, 2000. The reliability of instruments was adequate (Cronbach's alpha= .69-.90). Data analysis was done with SAS 6.12 for descriptive statistics and LISREL 8.13 program for covariance structural analysis. The results are as follows;1. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate. Thus it was modified by male and female models.2. The revised model has become parsimonious and had a better fit to the empirical data (male: x2=87.21 p=.00, GFI=.97, AGFI= .94, NFI=.99, NNFI=1.0, CN=619.17, female: x2=49.29 p=.31, GFI=.45, AGFI= .95, NFI=.99, NNFI=1.0, CN=370.02).3. Self-efficacy was most significant factor and personality of novelty seeking, reward compensation, alcohol expectancy and drinking attitude have significant effects on male alcohol consumption behavior. 4. Personality of novelty seeking was most significant factor and personality of harm avoidance, friend influence, self-efficacies, alcohol expectancy and drinking attitude have significant effects on female alcohol consumption behavior.
Alcohol Drinking* ; Compensation and Redress ; Drinking ; Female ; Friends ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Models, Structural ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea ; Reward ; Self Efficacy ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Infertility* ; Spermatozoa*

It is very important for elementary school students in sixth grades who are reaching the age of puberty to acquire right knowledge and desirable attitude toward sex so that can overcome psychological instability caused by physical growth, be responsible for their behaviors and lead happy lives. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out the effects of sex educatin in the population of primary school students. The subjects of this study were 767 six-grades in one private and two public elementary school in Seoul. The research tool was a questionnaire based on a literature review. The sex education given to the subjects included 50 minutes lecture. The research methodology included data collection done before and the sex education was given to the subjects, to assess their knowledge of, and attitude toward sex, one week later after the sex education was given to assess change in knowledge of, and attitude to, sex. The data was analyzed through pc-SAS program. real numbers, percentage, t-test, and ANOVA were utilized. The results of this study are as follows : 1. After sex education, the score of sixth grade elementary students' sex knowledge was higher than before(t=11.92, p=0.0001) 2. After sex education, the score of sixth grade elementary students' sex attitude was higher than before(t=2.08, p=0.0373). From the above findings, it can be said that sex education given to the children reaching the age of puberty significantly influences their knowledge of, and attitude toward. Therefore, for children to have the sound knowledge and positive attitude of sec, it is suggested that sex education should be included in their curriculum in order that systematic sex education be practiced.
Adolescent ; Child ; Curriculum ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Puberty ; Research Design ; Seoul ; Sex Education* ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practice level of infection managements in child guardians with respiratory infections after H1N1 diffusion of 2009. METHODS: The data were collected during February and March 2010 using a self-report questionnaire. The participants were 228 child guardians. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, means, SD, t-test, F-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha with the SPSS 17.0 program. RESULTS: Mean age of the guardians and children were 37.8 years, 4.1 years respectively. For knowledge level of respiratory infections, hand washing method had the highest score and snuffles prevention method, the lowest. For practice level for respiratory infections, environmental hygiene management had the highest score and symptom management, the lowest. Infection management knowledge and practice level had a positively significant correlation in every area. CONCLUSION: The results indicate the necessity of continual education on infection management, and that the most efficient timing for the education appears be for participants during their first pregnancy or after the woman has delivered her child.
Child ; Compliance ; Diffusion ; Female ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Legal Guardians ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: In order to provide basic information for the development of nursing programs, health promoting behavior of students rewriting college entrance examinations was examined and factors related to health promotion were identified. METHOD: Data were collected by questionnaire from 804 examines in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and were analyzed using the SAS program with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULT: The mean score for health promoting behavior was 2.50. The highest score for the sub-areas was harmonious relationships and the lowest was, professional health maintenance. There were significant differences in health promoting behavior according to the following general characteristics; religion, frequency of rewriting college entrance examination, economic burden, parents' education level, grade, satisfaction with parents, friends and rewriting of college entrance examinations, parents' health concerns and knowledge of health, need for health education, and health condition and chronic disease over the past year. Correlations between health promoting behavior and family support and self-esteem were positive. The variables that influenced health promoting behavior were family support (24.5%), self-esteem (11.3%), anxiety (2.6%), and stress of studying (0.5%), explaining 38.9% of the total variance. CONCLUSION: These results will help to develop a nursing program that enhances health promoting behavior of students rewriting college entrance examinations.
Anxiety ; Chronic Disease ; Education ; Friends ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Education ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Nursing ; Parents ; Seoul ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze relationships between perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence in APN and to identify the mediating effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between perfectionism and burnout. METHODS: A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence. Data were collected from 121 APN working in five advanced general hospitals and two general hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation and Hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. RESULTS: Mean scores for each variable were: perfectionism 3.57 (on a 5-point scale), burnout 3.32 (on a 7-point scale), and emotional intelligence 5.00 (on a 7-point scale). Self-oriented perfectionism had a positive correlation with burnout, as did socially prescribed perfectionism. Emotional intelligence was a significant variable reducing burnout, as it also had a reverse buffering effect on the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and burnout. Explanatory power of the final model based on variables was 34%. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest a mediating direction regarding burnout by demonstrating that emotional intelligence plays a direct and reverse buffering role to self-oriented perfectionism, which can be used to reduce burnout in APN.
Emotional Intelligence* ; Hospitals, General ; Negotiating*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between health promoting behaviors and state anger and modes of anger expression in elderly women. METHOD: In this descriptive correlational study, the participants were 143 elderly women who lived in D city. Data were collected from September to December, 2004. Personal interviews with a structured questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS Win 11.0 program. RESULTS: The score for health promoting behavior in the elderly women was above the mean score, The dimension with the highest score was nutrition and the dimension with the lowest score was exercise. A significant negative correlation was found between health promoting behaviors and state anger, anger-in(suppression of anger) and anger-out(expression of anger) in elderly women. But there was a significant positive correlation between health promoting behaviors and anger discussion. CONCLUSION: State anger, anger-out, anger-in as negative variable and anger discussion as a positive variable were identified. These results suggest that anger should be considered as an important factor when nurses develop educational programs to enhance health promoting behavior in elderly women.
Aged* ; Anger* ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires