Methyl salicylate is widely used in various topical products, including sports creams, ointments, patches, and oral hygiene products. These products are mainly used for localized treatment of musculoskeletal pain. Given their intended topical application, their ingestion can result in salicylic acid poisoning due to their high concentrations of methyl salicylate. Symptoms of salicylic acid poisoning may include dizziness, vomiting, hallucinations, seizures, and, in severe cases, unconsciousness, respiratory failure, and circulatory disorders. We report a case of a 71-year-old male who ingested Mensolatum Lotion to commit suicide and died.

Several gut commensals have been shown to modulate host immune response. Recently, many food derived microbes have also been reported to affect the immune system. However, a mechanism to identify immunostimulatory and immunoregulatory microbes is needed. Here, we successfully established an in vitro screening system and identified an immunoregulatory bacterium, Lactobacillus pentosus KF340 (LP340), present in various fermented foods. LP340 induced a regulatory phenotype in mice Ag presenting cells which, in turn, induced IL-10 and IFN-γ producing Type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1 cells) from naïve CD4⁺ T cells. Naïve CD4⁺ T cells co-cultured with LP340 treated dendritic cells highly expressed cytokine receptor IL-27R and were CD49b and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 double positive. Oral administration of LP340 in mice with atopic dermatitis reduced cellular infiltration in affected ear lobes and serum IgE levels, thus, ameliorating the disease symptoms. This suggests a systemic immunoregulatory effect of LP340. These findings demonstrate that LP340, a bacterium derived from food, prevents systemic inflammation through the induction of IL-10 producing Tr1 cells.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Dendritic Cells ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Ear ; Immune System ; Immunoglobulin E ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-10 ; Lactobacillus ; Mass Screening ; Mice ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Cytokine ; T-Lymphocytes ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to purify and characterize Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP)-specific IgG antibodies from hybridoma clones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For hybridoma production, mice were injected by intramuscular-electroporation with GP DNA vaccines, and boosted with GP vaccines. The spleen cells were used for producing GP-specific hybridoma. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot assay, flow cytometry, and virus-neutralizing assay were used to test the ability of monoclonal IgG antibodies to recognize GP and neutralize Ebola virus. RESULTS: Twelve hybridomas, the cell supernatants of which displayed GP-binding activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the presence of both IgG heavy and light chains by Western blot assay, were chosen as a possible IgG producer. Among these, five clones (C36-1, D11-3, D12-1, D34-2, and E140-2) were identified to secrete monoclonal IgG antibodies. When the monoclonal IgG antibodies from the 5 clones were tested for their antigen specificity, they recognized GP in an antigen-specific and IgG dose-dependent manner. They remained reactive to GP at the lowest tested concentrations (1.953–7.8 ng/mL). In particular, IgG antibodies from clones D11-3, D12-1, and E140-2 recognized the native forms of GP expressed on the cell surface. These antibodies were identified as IgG1, IgG2a, or IgG2b kappa types and appeared to recognize the native forms of GP, but not the denatured forms of GP, as determined by Western blot assay. Despite their GP-binding activity, none of the IgG antibodies neutralized Ebola virus infection in vitro, suggesting that these antibodies are unable to neutralize Ebola virus infection. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the purified IgG antibodies from 5 clones (C36-1, D11-3, D12-1, D34-2, and E140-2) possess GP-binding activity but not Ebola virus-neutralizing activity.
Animals ; Antibodies* ; Antibody Formation ; Blotting, Western ; Clone Cells ; Ebolavirus* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Glycoproteins* ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin G* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spleen ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, DNA

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between self-esteem and sexual attitude in healthcare college students, and also to provide a basis for sexual health education programs to help establish healthy sexual attitudes. METHODS: A survey was conducted with 218 unmarried students attending the healthcare colleges in B and U cities. Data were collected from October 15 to November 10, 2015 and analyzed using Stepwise multiple regression with SPSS PASW 18.0. RESULTS: Mean score for self-esteem was 3.23±0.46 out of 5 and sexual attitude 2.64±0.54 out of 5. Self-esteem and sexual attitude had a negative correlation (r=-.169, p=.012). Among sub-variables of sexual attitude, negative correlations were found between self-esteem and premarital chastity (r=-.207, p=.002), and between self-esteem and homosexual attitudes (r=-.167, p=.013). There were statistically significant differences in sexual attitude according to perceived intimacy with mother (β=-.228, p<.001), year in college (β=.135, p=.047), major (β=.148, p=.023), religion (β=-2.429, p=.016), and homosexual tendencies (β=.139, p=.037). These factors explained 14.6% of the variance in sexual attitude. CONCLUSION: Findings demonstrate the importance of self-esteem for sexual attitudes. This finding should be used in the development of healthcare college students, promotion programs to enhance healthy sexual attitudes.
Delivery of Health Care* ; Education ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Mothers ; Reproductive Health ; Sexual Behavior ; Single Person

A 57-year-old woman presented with cough and dyspnea for 2 months. Computed tomography of the chest showed diffuse ground-glass opacities in both lungs. Histologic examination via thoracoscopic lung biopsy revealed atypical lymphoproliferative lesion. Her symptoms and radiologic findings of the chest improved just after lung biopsy without any treatment. Therefore, she was discharged and monitored at an outpatient clinic. Two months later, pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma was confirmed by the detection of API2-MALT1 translocation in fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis. Although the lung lesions resolved spontaneously, she received chemotherapy due to bone marrow involvement in her staging workup. Pulmonary MALT lymphoma is rare. Nodular or consolidative patterns are the most frequent radiologic findings. Although the disease has an indolent growth, it rarely resolves without treatment. We report an unusual case of pulmonary MALT lymphoma with diffuse interstitial abnormalities on image and spontaneous regression on clinical course.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Cough ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Lung ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of water transporting proteins present in many mammalian epithelial and endothelial cell types. Among the AQPs, AQP3 is known to be a water/glycerol transporter expressed in human skin. OBJECTIVE: The relationship between the expression level of AQP3 and transpidermal water loss (TEWL) in the lesional and peri-lesional skin of psoriasis-affected patients, and skin hydration in the lesional and peri-lesional skin of psoriasis patients, was investigated. METHODS: The expression of AQP3 in psoriasis-affected and healthy control skin was determined using immunohistochemical and immunofluroscence staining. TEWL and skin hydration were measured using a Tewameter(R) TM210 (Courage & Khazaka, Cologne, Germany) and a Corneometer(R) CM 820 (Courage & Khazaka), respectively. RESULTS: AQP3 was mainly expressed in the plasma membrane of stratum corneum and the stratum spinosum in normal epidermis. Unlike the normal epidermis, AQP3 showed decreased expression in the lesional and peri-lesional epidermis of psoriasis. TEWL was increased, and skin hydration was decreased, in the lesional and peri-lesional skin of psoriasis patients, compared with the healthy control sample. CONCLUSION: Although various factors contribute to reduced skin hydration in the lesional and peri-lesional skin of psoriasis, AQP3 appears to be a key factor in the skin dehydration of psoriasis-affected skin.
Aquaporin 3 ; Aquaporins ; Cell Membrane ; Dehydration ; Endothelial Cells ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Proteins ; Psoriasis ; Skin ; Water Loss, Insensible

Acanthosis nigricans is a symmetric eruption characterized by the presence of a hyperpigmented, velvety cutaneous thickening, that can develop on any part of the body, but characteristically affects the flexural areas of the body. The velvety hyperkeratotic lesions can be located on the dorsum of the hands and feet in dark-skinned people in the form of a variant of acanthosis nigricans called as acral acanthotic anomaly or acral type acanthosis nigricans. Although acanthosis nigricans is associated with malignant tumors, particularly gastric carcinoma, acral type acanthosis nigricans has never been reported to be associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. In our present study, we describe a case of 58-year-old man with acral type acanthosis nigricans and its association with carcinoma of the stomach; a marked improvement was seen in the skin condition of the patient with chemotherapy.
Acanthosis Nigricans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Skin

Pseudocyst of the scalp is described in the Japanese literature as a skin-colored cystic tumor localized on the forehead, whereas alopecic and aseptic nodules of the scalp are described in the French literature as asymptomatic nodules on the scalp that lack a pseudocyst-like architecture. The etiology of these diseases is unknown, but the lesions are likely due to follicular occlusion. Here, we report a case of pseudocyst of the scalp in a 72-year-old woman. The patient had a dome-shaped painless tumor on her scalp. Histologic examination showed a pseudocyst-like architecture with no true cystic wall. Here, we report a case of pseudocyst of the scalp and summarize the characteristic features of both pseudocyst of the scalp and alopecic and aseptic nodules of the scalp.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Forehead ; Humans ; Scalp

BACKGROUND: Moisturizers are commonly used for the management of many skin problems and sometimes they are used to maintain healthy skin. Previous studies on the short-term treatment with moisturizers have shown that moisturizers can weaken or strengthen the skin barrier function. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of long-term treatment with a physiologic lipid-containing moisturizer on the barrier function of normal skin. METHODS: 39 healthy volunteers applied the moisturizer on one forearm 3 times daily for 8 weeks and then they were followed-up for the next 2 weeks (the regression period). No moisturizer was used on the other forearm as a control. The TEWL, skin capacitance and skin lipid content were evaluated weekly during the 8 weeks treatment period and then daily during 2 weeks of the regression period. RESULTS: During the treatment period, the skin capacitance and lipid content values of the treated side were significantly higher than that of the control side, and the TEWL values of the treated side were significantly lower than that of the control side. During the regression period, all the values of the treated side steadily became closer to those of the control side. These results suggest that long term treatment with moisturizer does not deteriorate the skin barrier function. CONCLUSION: Long-term treatment with moisturizer containing physiologic lipid not only enhances the normal skin barrier, it does not suppress the endogenous lipid synthesis of the skin.
Forearm ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Moisturizers are commonly used for the management of many skin problems and sometimes they are used to maintain healthy skin. Previous studies on the short-term treatment with moisturizers have shown that moisturizers can weaken or strengthen the skin barrier function. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of long-term treatment with a physiologic lipid-containing moisturizer on the barrier function of normal skin. METHODS: 39 healthy volunteers applied the moisturizer on one forearm 3 times daily for 8 weeks and then they were followed-up for the next 2 weeks (the regression period). No moisturizer was used on the other forearm as a control. The TEWL, skin capacitance and skin lipid content were evaluated weekly during the 8 weeks treatment period and then daily during 2 weeks of the regression period. RESULTS: During the treatment period, the skin capacitance and lipid content values of the treated side were significantly higher than that of the control side, and the TEWL values of the treated side were significantly lower than that of the control side. During the regression period, all the values of the treated side steadily became closer to those of the control side. These results suggest that long term treatment with moisturizer does not deteriorate the skin barrier function. CONCLUSION: Long-term treatment with moisturizer containing physiologic lipid not only enhances the normal skin barrier, it does not suppress the endogenous lipid synthesis of the skin.
Forearm ; Skin