No abstract available.
Inhalation* ; Lung Injury* ; Lung*

A statistical study on visually handicapped children was performed by The Committee on Health of Korean Pediatric Association from July to October, 1978. 3,930 boys and girls in middle school children(3rd grade; around 15 years of age) were studied and the results were obtained as follows; 1, 788 out of 3,930 children(20.1%) were visually handicapped. There were no sex preponderance. 2. Annual incidence of visual handicap was 2.2% of all children studied. 3. There were no specific age preferance for handicapping and annual incidence of visual retardations among the handicapped children was 13.7%(10~19%). 4. Children wearing corrective glasses were 62.8% of all handicapped children and 69.8% of them were began to wear the glasses after entrance of middle school. 5. Nearly all of the handicapped children were suffered from symptoms related with visual defect and the most common difficulty was learning problems(67.5%). Headache(6.7%) and dizziness(5.5%) were another difficulties. 6. 92.5% of children wearing glasses were improved their symptoms related with poor visions but 79.8% of children wearing glasses were suffered form discomfortness by glasses itself. 7. The reasons wearing no glasses among the visual handicaps were advices by parents and friends due to bad effects of glasses on beauty(321.%), hesitation(30.7%) and shyness(13.3%). 8. High famillial incidence of visual handicaps were noted in visually handicapped children than with normal vision. 9. There were no difference between the children with defective vision and normal children on number of television sets at home, places of telvision set ups(children's room or parent?sroom), hours watching televison per day, presence or absence of children's study rooms and reading postures. 10. Habits of watching television or reading books from too short distance, improper illumination when they read the books at home were much more freqently observed in children with visual handicap than children with no defect.
Child ; Disabled Children* ; Disabled Persons* ; Eyeglasses ; Female ; Friends ; Glass ; Humans ; Incidence ; Learning ; Lighting ; Parents ; Posture ; Statistics as Topic* ; Television

A study on physically and mentally handicaped children was carried out by health commttee of korean pediatric Association on August, 1977. 654 children in 5 special children's Institutes in Seoul area were observed and the results obtained were as follows ; 1. 393 out of 654 cases were males and male to female ratio was 6 : 4. The most Common age group in institutes were over 10 years (45.6%). As the age goes young, the number of cases were decreased. 2. 43.7% of all cases were orphans. 3. The most common handicap was cerebral palsy(33.3%). Poliomyelitis(24.0%) and mental retardation (20.0%) were the next and these 3 handicaps were ranged 78.1% of all handicaps. The other less common handicaps were Cong. Anomaly(8.1%), mongolism(4.3%) Tb spine or hip joint(2.1%) and microcephaly(2.0%) in order of frequency. 4. Handicaps originated from acquired and congenital were 37.5% and 15.9% respectively. But the remains were obscure in origin. Cong. Anomaly, mongolism and microcephaly were common causes of congenital origin and poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy and Tb hip or spine were frequently acquired. 5. Only 64 cases(18.0%) of cerebral palsy and mental retardation had Known Causes. These were caused by birth injury(24cases), prematurity, Kern icterus or meningigis. 6. 65.4% of all cases had mentally retardation. 87.2% of cerebral palsy nd 83.0% of congenital anomaly were mentally retarded and all cases with mongolism, microcephaly, hydrocephalus and spina bifida mental retardation. 7. The most common site of congenital anomaly was extremities or joints(47.1%) and multiple anomalies were 28.5% of all anomalies. 8. Less than 6 months of institution were common in paid cases(24.9%) in spite of 5~10 year in institule were common in orphans (28.3%). Even in paid cases, economic stase were very low level.
Academies and Institutes ; Cerebral Palsy ; Child* ; Child, Orphaned ; Down Syndrome ; Extremities ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Intellectual Disability ; Jaundice ; Male ; Mentally Disabled Persons ; Microcephaly ; Parturition ; Poliomyelitis ; Seoul ; Spinal Dysraphism ; Spine ; Statistics as Topic*

It was evaluated the inhibitory action of quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (QGC) on reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats. QGC was isolated from the herba of Rumex Aquaticus. Reflux esophagitis or gastritis was induced surgically or by administering indomethacin, respectively. Oral QGC decreased ulcer index, injury area, gastric volume, and acid output and increased gastric pH as compared with quercetin. Furthermore, QGC significantly decreased gastric lesion sizes induced by exposing the gastric mucosa to indomethacin. Malondialdehyde levels were found to increase significantly after inducing reflux esophagitis, and were reduced by QGC, but not by quercetin or omeprazole. These results show that QGC can inhibit reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats.
Animals ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Gastric Mucosa ; Gastritis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Indomethacin ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Malondialdehyde ; Omeprazole ; Quercetin ; Rats ; Rumex ; Ulcer

This study investigated effect of extract containing quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside from Rumex Aquaticus Herba (ECQ) against chronic gastritis in rats. To produce chronic gastritis, the animals received a daily intra-gastric administration of 0.1 ml of 0.15% iodoacetamide (IA) solution for 7 days. Daily exposure of the gastric mucosa to IA induced both gastric lesions and significant reductions of body weight and food and water intake. These reductions recovered with treatment with ECQ for 7 days. ECQ significantly inhibited the elevation of the malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, which were used as indices of lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration. ECQ recovered the level of glutathione, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and expression of SOD-2. The increased levels of total NO concentration and iNOS expression in the IA-induced chronic gastritis were significantly reduced by treatment with ECQ. These results suggest that the ECQ has a therapeutic effect on chronic gastritis in rats by inhibitory actions on neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation and various steps of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Drinking ; Gastric Mucosa ; Gastritis* ; Glutathione ; Iodoacetamide* ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Malondialdehyde ; Neutrophil Infiltration ; Peroxidase ; Quercetin* ; Rats* ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Rumex ; Superoxide Dismutase