Segmental dilatation of small intestine or colon can induce signs of intestinal obstruction, such as abdominal distension, vomiting and constipation. There are no anatomical gross obstructive lesions, and moreover, ganglion cells are observed in both dilated and undilated distal segments of the intestine. It often accompanied by other congenital anomalies. We reported two cases of segmental dilatation of the intestine in the newborn infants, one in small intestine and the other in colon, with brief review of the related literatures.
Colon ; Constipation ; Dilatation* ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small ; Intestines* ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe health problems and psychosocial adaptation in children with cancer and to determine the relationship between these two variables. METHOD: The data were collected from parents of 61 children with cancer, aged 4-11 years at one university hospital in Seoul. The instruments for this study were the Korea Child Behavior Check List (KCBCL) and a physical symptom checklist developed by the researchers. RESULT: The major health problems were coughing, sleeping disturbances, fatigue and weakness. The total behavior problem score for children in the cancer group was higher than the score for those in the norm group. The scores on the scales for withdrawal, somatic complaints, social immaturity, and internalizing problems were higher in the children with cancer compared to normative findings. Scores on social and school competence in the cancer group were lower than the norms for healthy children. The relationship between health problems and psychosocial adaptation was significant in the subscales of withdrawal, anxiety/depression, internalizing problems and social involvement in the off therapy group. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the various areas that need further study in caring for children with cancer.

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the quality of online health information related to infants and preschoolers accessible through mobile applications and websites. METHODS: Using combinations of the terms 'infant', 'preschooler', and 'health' as the main keyword or categories, the researchers searched relevant mobile applications and websites in Korean application markets and popular search engines. Twelve mobile application and 14 websites were finally selected according to our inclusion criteria and evaluated using DISCERN instrument. RESULTS: The overall quality score of online health information available through mobile applications was 2.00 of 5 points, the reliability score was 2.15, and the quality score was 1.76. The overall quality score of online health information available through websites was 2.29, the reliability score was 2.40, and the quality score was 1.82. CONCLUSION: The quality of online health information related to young children was found to be low and to have potentially significant drawbacks according to DISCERN criteria. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a system to evaluate and regulate the quality of online health information. Additionally, factors that readers can use to judge the quality of health information, such as references and the benefit versus risks of the information, should be provided.
Child ; Consumer Health Information ; Humans ; Infant ; Internet ; Mobile Applications ; Search Engine

Purpose: This study examined online gambling patterns among Korean adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified predictors of problem gambling based on a socio-ecological model. Methods: It used nationally representative data from the 2020 National Survey on Youth Gambling Problems conducted by the Korea Center on Gambling Problems. This study selected a sample of 780 adolescents aged 13–18 years who reported having gambled online at least once in the last three months from the raw data of respondents. They were classified as the non-problem group and problem group according to the Gambling Problems Severity Scale (GPSS) of the Canadian Adolescent Gambling Inventory (CAGI). The predictive factors of problem gambling were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of problem gambling was 24.6 %. Its predictors included intrapersonal [male (odds ratios, OR = 1.67); gambling prior to COVID-19 (OR = 2.08)] and interpersonal factors [frequent gamblers in peers (OR = 4.34); peer pressure (OR = 2.34)]. Social factors, such as gambling in online community (OR = 5.60), sports betting (OR = 53.24), and lotteries (OR = 17.03) were associated with problem gambling. Conclusions The major predictors of problem gambling among adolescent online gamblers included peer gambling and specific types of gambling. To prevent problem gambling, strategies targeting peer groups are essential. In addition, nurses need to share with families, schools, communities, and policymakers that online gambling, such as lotteries and sports betting, are high-risk of adolescent problem gambling, and recommend them to collaborate for stricter regulatory measures.

This study was conducted to obtain the low birth weight (LBW) rate and the very low birth weight (VLBW) rate of newborn infants based on a large population in Korea. We analyzed 108, 486 live birth data, collected from 75 hospitals and clinics located in Korea, whose gestational age (GA) were greater than 23 weeks, for 1 yr from January 1st to December 31st 2001. These data included birth weight, GA, gender of the infants, delivery type, maternal age, and the presence of multiple pregnancies. The mean birth weight and GA of a crude population are 3, 188+/-518 g and 38.7+/-2.1 weeks, respectively. The LBW and the VLBW rates are 7.2% and 1.4%, respectively. The preterm birth rate (less than 37 completed weeks of gestation) is 8.4% and the extremely preterm birth rate (less than 32 completed weeks of gestation) is 1.7%. The mean birth weights for female infants, multiple births, and births delivered by cesarean section were lower than those for male, singletons, and births delivered vaginally. The risk of delivering LBW or VLBW infant was higher for the teenagers and the elderly women (aged 35 yr and more). Although our study did not include the total birth data in 2001, rates of LBW and VLBW which we obtained, could be helpful for future studies on birth weight, frequency of high risk infants and perinatal risk factors.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight* ; Korea* ; Live Birth ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Multiple Birth Offspring ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Premature Birth ; Risk Factors

To obtain the low birth weight (LBW) rate, the very low birth weight (VLBW) rate, and gestational age (GA)-specific birth weight distribution based on a large population in Korea, we collected and analyzed the birth data of 108,486 live births with GA greater than 23 weeks for 1 yr from 1 January to 31 December 2001, from 75 hospitals and clinics located in Korea. These data included birth weight, GA, gender of the infants, delivery type, maternal age, and the presence of multiple pregnancy. The mean birth weight and GA of a crude population are 3,188 +/-518 g and 38.7+/-2.1 weeks, respectively. The LBW and the VLBW rates are 7.2% and 1.4%, respectively. The preterm birth rate (less than 37 completed weeks of gestation) is 8.4% and the very preterm birth rate (less than 32 completed weeks of gestation) is 0.7%. The mean birth weights for female infants, multiple births, and births delivered by cesarean section were lower than those for male, singletons, and births delivered vaginally. The risk of delivering LBW or VLBW infant was higher for the teenagers and the older women (aged 35 yr and more). We have also obtained the percentile distribution of GA-specific birth weight in infants over 23 weeks of gestation.
*Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; *Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; *Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Korea ; Male ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Hydrops describes the infant who has generalized edema due to accumulation of excess fluid. In severe case, massive edema with ascites and pleural and pericardial effusions are commonly combined. The main etiology of hydrops fetalis has been changed from immune type which is caused by fetomaternal blood group incompatibility to nonimmune type. Although cardiovascular diseases are the most common (23% to 38%) causes for nonimmune hydrops fetalis, fetal tumors still compromise 5% to 7% of the diseases. We report a case of nonimmune hydrops fetalis due to intraperitoneal hemangioma. The newborn infant was managed surgically and had excellent outcome.
Ascites ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Edema ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Hydrops Fetalis* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pericardial Effusion

Intestinal obstruction is a rare but important complication of pregnancy and puerperium leading to increased maternal and fetal motality. Diagnosis is often delayed or missed because many of the manifestations of intestinal obstruction such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain can be interpreted as pregnancy related symptoms. This delay in diagnosis or misdiagnosis, reluctance to surgery during pregnancy are thought to be responsible for the high maternal and fetal death rate. So we report a case of postpartum small bowel obstruction following vaginal delivery with a review of the literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Fetal Death ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Nausea ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Surfactants*

Successful Weaning is very important to provide adequate nutrients for nomal growth and to induce a good diet habit. We conducted a survey on the Knowledge and attitudes of women who live in Taegu toward weaning in infants, to figure out how much they know about weaning diet for the infants, which source they prefer to get the information about weaning diet, whether their knowledge affect their practice about weaning in infants, and the most effective way to educate them. A survey was conducted with the prepared questionnaire on women who responded all the residential area and market place, and those who visited Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University hospital from July 25 to September 15, 1997. Statistical analysis was done with student t-test and ANOVA using SPSS program. Among total 303 responders, those who aged between 30 and 39 year were 37.2%. Scores for the six questions about weaning policy showed highest in the age group between30 and 39 years. Higher score was recorded in the more educated group, in those who get informations about weaning diet from books, magazines and pediatricians. The majority of the responders had wrong concepts, such as feeding weaning diet using bottle(69.1%), feeding mixed with formula in the same bottle(64.5%), addition of salt(68.4%), Those who had higher educational level preferred books, magazines rather than neighbors or mother to get informations about weaning diet. Those who preferred books or magazines started weaning, stopped bottle feeding, and used spoon earlier, and their children had unbalanced diet habits less frequently. Home-made food was most frequently, and commercial products were used less frequntly. Those who ewre employed preferred home-made good rather than commercial products, it may be caused by the difference of the educational backgrounds from those of the unemployed. In conclusion, most responders ask neighbors and mother to get informations about weaning, and the incorrect knowledge from them colud cause inadquate weaning practice and induced bad diet habit in their children. We have to find the reasons why they did not refer books or magazines frequently, and the way to resolve the problem.
Bottle Feeding ; Child ; Daegu* ; Diet* ; Female ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Infant* ; Mothers ; Pediatrics ; Periodicals as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Weaning*