No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical features and causative organisms in febrile infants younger than three months, to help identification of high risk patients for serious bacterial infection (SBI). METHODS: A total of 313 febrile infants younger than three months, who had visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital from January 2008 to December 2010 were included. Clinical features, laboratory findings, causative organisms, and risk factors of SBI were analyzed by retrospective chart review. Causative bacterial or viral pathogens were identified by gram stain and cultures, rapid antigen tests, or the polymerase chain reaction from clinically reliable sources. RESULTS: Among 313 infants, etiologic organisms were identified in 127 cases (40.6%). Among 39 cases of bacterial infections, Escherichia coli (66.7%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (12.8%) were common. Enterovirus (33.7%), respiratory syncytial virus (19.8%), and rhinovirus (18.8%) were frequently detected in 88 cases of viral infection. Patients with SBI (39 cases) showed significantly higher values of the white blood cell count (14,473+/-6,824/mm3 vs. 11,254+/-5,775/mm3, P=0.002) and the C-reactive protein (6.32+/-8.51 mg/L vs. 1.28+/-2.35 mg/L, P<0.001) than those without SBI (274 cases). The clinical risk factors for SBI were the male (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.5-8.9), the presence of neurologic symptoms (OR 4.8, 95% CI 1.4-16.8), and the absence of family members with respiratory symptoms (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.2-11.3). CONCLUSION: This study identified common pathogens and risk factors for SBI in febrile infants younger than three months. These findings may be useful to guide management of febrile young infants.
Bacterial Infections ; C-Reactive Protein ; Enterovirus ; Escherichia coli ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinovirus ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; Streptococcus agalactiae

Background: This study compared and analyzed various concentrations of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) gel, commercialacidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF-gel), and Tooth MousseTM (TM) to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of early dental caries. Methods: The samples prepared using sound bovine teeth were subjected to MBG gel, APF-gel, and TM to measure changes insurface hardness (Vickers hardness number, VHN) and fluorescence loss values compared to those of sound teeth (ΔF).Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Friedman’s ANOVA, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The VHN was significantly increased after the two treatments compared to the initial VHN in all other groups, with theexception of the APF gel group (p＜0.05). Compared to the initial ΔF, the APF-gel group significantly decreased ΔF after two treatments, and the remaining groups exhibited significantly increased ΔF (p＜0.05). The MBG group exhibited significantly higher ΔF values than those of the APF gel and TM groups (p＜0.05). Conclusion The MBG group exerted a significantly higher remineralization effect than that of the APF gel group and exhibited asimilar or slightly higher remineralization effect compared to that of the TM group.

Background: This study compared and analyzed various concentrations of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) gel, commercialacidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF-gel), and Tooth MousseTM (TM) to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of early dental caries. Methods: The samples prepared using sound bovine teeth were subjected to MBG gel, APF-gel, and TM to measure changes insurface hardness (Vickers hardness number, VHN) and fluorescence loss values compared to those of sound teeth (ΔF).Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Friedman’s ANOVA, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The VHN was significantly increased after the two treatments compared to the initial VHN in all other groups, with theexception of the APF gel group (p＜0.05). Compared to the initial ΔF, the APF-gel group significantly decreased ΔF after two treatments, and the remaining groups exhibited significantly increased ΔF (p＜0.05). The MBG group exhibited significantly higher ΔF values than those of the APF gel and TM groups (p＜0.05). Conclusion The MBG group exerted a significantly higher remineralization effect than that of the APF gel group and exhibited asimilar or slightly higher remineralization effect compared to that of the TM group.

Background: This study compared and analyzed various concentrations of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) gel, commercialacidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF-gel), and Tooth MousseTM (TM) to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of early dental caries. Methods: The samples prepared using sound bovine teeth were subjected to MBG gel, APF-gel, and TM to measure changes insurface hardness (Vickers hardness number, VHN) and fluorescence loss values compared to those of sound teeth (ΔF).Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Friedman’s ANOVA, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The VHN was significantly increased after the two treatments compared to the initial VHN in all other groups, with theexception of the APF gel group (p＜0.05). Compared to the initial ΔF, the APF-gel group significantly decreased ΔF after two treatments, and the remaining groups exhibited significantly increased ΔF (p＜0.05). The MBG group exhibited significantly higher ΔF values than those of the APF gel and TM groups (p＜0.05). Conclusion The MBG group exerted a significantly higher remineralization effect than that of the APF gel group and exhibited asimilar or slightly higher remineralization effect compared to that of the TM group.

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by cranial hyperostosis, sclerosis, and failure of normal modeling of the tubular bones. Both autosomal dominant and recessive forms have been described. Diagnosis of the craniometaphyseal dysplasia is mode on the basis of characteristic radiographic findings. Radiologic findings are thickening and hyperostosis of the skull, and Erlenmeyer flask deformity of the metaphysis on the long bones. We report a case of the craniometaphyseal dysplasia.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Hyperostosis ; Sclerosis ; Skull

No abstract available.
Pre-Eclampsia* ; Proteinuria*

Highly cohesive, form-stable cohesive gel implants were introduced in 1993. This resulted in a paradigm shift in breast augmentation surgery. With the introduction of shaped textured implants, surgeon started to think in terms of shape and dimensions rather than volume and cup size. Basically most aspects of such breast augmentations are different. The way of selecting implants is different. Patient preoperative markings, surgical techniques, postoperative recommendations and results also differ. These are not mere new types of implant, but they represent a new concept in breast augmentation surgery. Surgeons who believe that form stable implants behave in the same way as non-form stable implants will tend to plan, select implants and perform surgery in traditional ways. Unfortunately, they are bound to encounter significantly more complications and problems. These implants are recently available in Korea since 2012 and will provide patients and surgeons with the ability of enhanced outcome and results if used properly; however there needs to be a transition from round cohesive gel implant thought process to a more comprehensive approach for the typical Korean plastic surgeon.
Breast ; Breast Implants ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Mammaplasty ; Models, Anatomic ; Silicone Gels

A clinical observation was made on 77 cases of cryptorchidism who had been admitted Eul ji General Hospital in Seoul and Tae Jon, Korea, during the period from January, 1976 to June, 1984 The results were as follows 1. The cryptorchidism had the highest incidence rate among the anomalies of the genitourinary tract (47.8%) . 2. The age distribution was ranging from 3 years to 35 years and the most frequent age group 6 to 10 years old. 3. The bilateral cryptorchidisms were observed in 24 cases (31.2%) , of the unilateral 53 cases, right in 35 cases and left in 18 cases. 4. Among location of cryptorchidisms, the inguinal types were most frequent (56.5%) 5. Hormonal therapy was done on 12 cases of cryptorchidisms but 5 cases were respondent with partial descent and 1 case was responsive with complete descent. 6. Orchiopexy was performed on 92 testes, orchiectomy on 6 testes and 2 cases were confirmed as monoorchism on exploration. 7. On the histopathologic findings of testicular biopsy in 6 cases, there were immature seminiferous tubules, germ cell aplasia, basement membrane thickening and aspermatogenesis.
Age Distribution ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Child ; Cryptorchidism* ; Daejeon ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Germ Cells ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Orchiopexy ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Seoul ; Testis

Trichoblastic fibroma is a benign trichogenic tumor that has both epithelial and mesenchymal components and exhibits partial follicular induction. We studied 4 cases of trichoblastic fibroma and reviewed their clinical and histologic features. Two tumors were present in the face. The remaining two were in the vulva and perianal area, respectively. The age of the patients ranged from 53 to 68 years, with an average age of 62. All were female. Histologically, the lesions showed a well circumscribed mass, located at dermo-subcutaneous junction in three patients and subcutaneous in one. They demonstrated mesenchymal induction evidenced by hair germ-like structure and perifollicular sheath. There was no connection between the tumor and epidermis. Differentiation toward hair structure led to the formation of the infundibulum through inner root sheath. Trichoblastic fibroma may be confused clinically and/or histologically with basal cell carcinoma. Identification of the mixed epithelial and mesenchymal components, and the absence of epidermal connection and cleft within the stroma are important in differentiating this benign neoplasm from basal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Epidermis ; Female ; Fibroma* ; Hair ; Humans ; Vulva