OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of double intrauterine insemination with single intrauterine insemination in GnRH antagonist combined ovarian hyperstimulation (Mild ovarian hyperstimulation) MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Jan. 2001 to Jul. 2004, a retrospective clinical analysis was done of a total of 295 cycles in 170 patients who underwent ovarian hyperstimulation for ART (assisted reproductive technique). Subjects were divided into three groups; only clomiphene citrate ovarian hyperstimulation (n=55, 95cycles), GnRH antagonist combined ovarian hyperstimulation (soft ovarian hyperstimulation) (n=66 99cycles), and GnRH agonist combined ovarian hyperstimulation (short protocol) (n=49, 101cycles) Each group were randomly devided into two subgroups. One group underwent single IUI and the other group underwent double IUI. RESULTS: GnRH antagonist group and GnRH agonist group had similar pregnancy rate. In GnRH antagonist Group, pregnancy rate was 36.1% in single IUI subgroup and was 36.6% in double IUI subgroup. These finding were not statistically significant. And Pregnancy rate was 20.8% in single IUI subgroup and was 19.3% in double IUI subgroup in single clomiphene citrate group, and 36.3% in single IUI subgroup and was 33.3% in double IUI subgroup in GnRH agonist group. These finding were not statistically significant, too. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy rate of GnRH antagonist was high and complication rate such as OHSS and multiple pregnancy was lower. In GnRH antagonist group, to compare with single IUI and double IUI, the result do not statistically differ. So GnRH antagonist single injection with single IUI was relatively comparable ART in infertiliry patient.
Clomiphene ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Infertility* ; Insemination* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Retrospective Studies

Clinical survey was performed on 413 cases of twin pregnancies and their 816 twin babies who were born at IlSin Christian Hospital during 5years from January 1987 to December 1991. The result of study was as follows: 1) there was 413 twin pregnancies among 40,711 deliveries, so the incidence of twins was 1:98.6. Average male-female sex ratio of twins was 1.3:1, same sex pairs rate was 86% and different sex ratio was 14%. 2) The incidence of relation with maternal age was highest between 25 years old and 29 years old but the ratio of twin delivery to total delivery was 0.9% so, was not higher than other age group. 3) The incidence of relation with maternal parity was highest at first pregnancy but the ratio of twin delivery to total delivery was highest at second pregnancies. 4) Normal birth weight infants were 45.7%, low birth weight infants were 54.3% and very low birth weight infants was 9.3%. Fullt-erm infants were 63.7% and prematurity were 35.4%. 5) The incidence of feto-fetal transfusion was 7.3%. 6) Perinatal death rate was 76.3 and was more higher in second babies. The most common cause of perinatal death was prematurity, followed by respiratory complication, congenital anomaly, infection and asphyxia. Still-births were 8 cases.
Adult ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Maternal Age ; Mortality ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Sex Ratio ; Twins*

Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed in a patients with pheochromocytoma before and after removal of the tumor. Before surgery, it did not show any significant diurnal variation. But, after surgery the diurnal variation was restored.
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory* ; Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma*

Many kinds of different treatment options for fecal incontinence such as biofeedback therapy, anterior or posterior sphincteroplasty, pelvic floor repair, gracilis or gluteus muscle transposition have been introduced. However, appropriate indications for these treatment options have not yet been delineated up to now. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to access the preoperative severity of fecal incontinence by physiologic tests to give an idea that indications of appropriate selection criteria and parameters for assess the outcome could be simultaneously considered by preoperatively objective physiologic data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 3, 1997 to, August 1, 1997 all patients with fecal incontinence who visited colorectal clinic in the Department of Surgery, Korea Veterans Hospital, were classified into two groups according to the severity of fecal incontinence (0~20): Group I (1~9), Group II (10~20) and compared them with the results of physiologic tests: anorectal manometry, endorectal ultrasound (ERU), cinedefecography, and pudendal nerve terminal motor latency (PNTML). Statistical analysis was performed by Student's-t test, and Chi-square test and p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The number of GI was 25, and GII was 22. There were no differences between the two groups in terms of age (GI: 57.7+/-14.5, GII: 61.4+/-14.0years), gender (male: female, 19:6, 16:6), cause (neurogenic; 11/25 (GI),7/22(GII), postanal surgery; 6/25,6/22) obstetric trauma (2/25, 2/22), anal trauma (1/25, 1/22) diabetes melitus (1/25, 2/22), rectal prolapse (2/25, 1/22), and others (2/25, 3/22), duration of fecal incontinence (64.4+/-82.2, 48.7+/-65.3 months), high pressure zone (3.3+/-1.7, 3.5+/-1.4 cm), mean resting pressure (50.5+/-27.0, 51.9+/-18.7 cm H2O), maximal resting pressure (88.4+/-50.6, 89.4+/-41.8 cm), maximal squeezing pressure (150.6+/-71.0, 129.7+/-59.5 cm H2O), rectoanal inhibitatory reflex (13/21, 8/21 positive), sensitivity (37.5+/-15.2, 41.8+/-29.0 cc), compliance (19.0+/-14.5, 21.4+/-39.4 cc/cm H2O) in anorectal manometric findings, anal sphincter defect (13/21, 15/22 positive), size of defect (60+/-26.30degrees, 71 +/-30.8degrees/360degrees), thickness of the external anal sphincter (3.46+/-0.78, 3.84 +/-1.02 cm), thickness of internal anal sphincter (1.58+/-0.79, 1.74+/-0.81 cm) in ERU, anorectal angle in rest (85.2+/-28.0degrees, 97+/-22.9degrees), squeeze (72+/-27.1degrees, 82 +/-19.7degrees), push (100+/-43.9degrees, 117.9+/-34.5degrees), length of perineal descent in rest (3.7+/-1.2, 3.6+/-1.7 cm), squeeze (2.9+/-1.5, 2.7+/-1.5 cm), push (7.9+/-3.5, 6.6+/-2.6 cm) in cinedefecography. However, rectal capacity in manometry (212.5+/-99.9, 155+/-51.5 cc, p<0.05), right PNTML (1.73+/-0.39, 2.71+/-0.83 ms, p<0.001), and left PNTML (1.83+/-0.43, 2.94+/-0.80 ms, p<0.001) were significantly increased in GII compare to those of GI. CONCLUSION: As the severity of fecal incontinence was increased, rectal capacity, right and, left PNTML were increased.
Anal Canal ; Biofeedback, Psychology ; Compliance ; Fecal Incontinence* ; Female ; Hospitals, Veterans ; Humans ; Korea ; Manometry ; Patient Selection ; Pelvic Floor ; Pudendal Nerve ; Rectal Prolapse ; Reflex ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
HLA-DR Antigens*

No abstract available.
Chondrodysplasia Punctata*

No abstract available.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Animals ; Heart* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Neck*

A male baby with intrauterine growth retardation had a short neck, small hands and feet, hypospadia, both grade I hydronephrosis, type II atrial septal defect, and moderate valvular pulmonary stenosis. The routine chromosome and banding analyses revealed a 46,XY,rec(8)del(8)(p21)dup(8) (q24.1)inv(8)(p21q24.1)pat chromosome constitution. His mother has normal chromosomes, but the father had 46,XY,inv(8)(p21q24.1). Also his uncle had an inv(8) chromosome constitution. We used lymphocytes and examined 40 mitotic cells. All mitotic cells showed deletion of 8p21-->pter and duplication of 8q24.1-->qter. Because 8p21 involves secretion of macrophage and lymphocyte against cancer cells, long-term follow-up for cancer will be needed.
Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; Constitution and Bylaws ; Fathers ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Foot ; Hand ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hypospadias ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Male ; Mothers ; Neck ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Trisomy

Isolated deficiency of 3-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase is a rare disorder of the catabolic pathway for leucine and many patients have mild symptoms or no symptom. However, the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry in newborn screening has revealed an unexpectedly high incidence of this disorder. We report an asymptomatic premature infant with isolated 3-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase deficiency detected by newborn screening program using tandem mass spectrometry. She was born at preterm, 36 weeks of gestation and her birth weight was 1,912 gm. She was delivered by Cesarian section due to maternal preeclampsia and oligohydramnios. An elevation of 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine in a blood sample obtained at Seven days was detected by tandem mass screening. Massively elevated excretion of 3-hydroxyisovalerate and 3-methylcrotonylglycine was detected in the urine collected at 15 days. L-carnitine(100 mg/kg/day) was administrated orally to correct sencondary carnitine deficiency. Carnitine is conjugated with metabolites, to decrease the potential toxic effects. She is asymptomatic to date, and her growth and development are within normal limits.
Birth Weight ; Carnitine ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Leucine ; Mass Screening* ; Oligohydramnios ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry*