Methods of treatment of Legg-Calve-Perthes' disease, (L.C.P.D.) are at present generally defined, and the individual approach is now more precise than before. But it is still controversial, particularly in older age groups. We analized the result of intertrochanteric varus osteotomy in 44 hips and innominate osteotomy in 23 hips of L.C.P.D., and compared the former with the later. To find out the influence of the both osteotomies on the femoral head (coxa magna), the relations between the stage and degree of involvement at operation and reult, and the postoperative progression of disease, the cases were analyzed and classified by Elizabethtown's stage and Catterall group. And also the duration of fragmentation stage after osteotomy was observed. Results were as follows: l. At the time of operation 45 hips were in avascular stage, 18 hips in fragmentation stage, and 4 hips in healing stage. 20 hips(29.8%) were classified as group II, 29(43. 3%) group III, and 18(23.1%) group IV. 2. After the osteotmy in case of avasculsr necrosis stage, average duration of fragmentation stage was 6.3 months after femoral osteotomy and 1 year 6 months after innominate osteotomy. 12 among 20 hips were skipped the fragmentation stage, and got into healing stage in case of femoral osteotomy. 3. After the osteotomy at the fragmentation stage, average duration of the fragmentation stage was 9.8 months after femoral osteotomy and 1 year 3 months in case of innominate osteotomy. 4. Regardless of the type of osteotomy, coxa magna was observed more frequently in the case who had surgery at the late stage and severely involoved head at the time of osteotomy. 5. In the case of femoral osteotomy, average preoperative neck shaft angle was 138.5°, and postoperative one was 113.5°. During the follow-up study, 12.0° of revalgarisation took place. 6. The result obtained by femoral osteotomy gave better results than those by innominate osteotomy. Regardless of the type of osteotomy, good results were obtained in case who had surgery at the early stage such as avascular stage, and had mild involvement as such group II.
Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Osteotomy

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

PURPOSE: This was a cross sectional descriptive study to introduce the Infants Coma Scale (ICS), describe mental status of high risk infants using ICS and explore the relationships between ICS and clinical variables in infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit of a university hospital in Korea. METHODS: After ICS was developed and tested by the authors, a research nurse evaluated the mental status of the infants using the English version of ICS and obtained clinical information on the infants from their medical records. RESULTS: Data from 88 infants were analyzed. About 60% were male, 90% were preterm births, and 40% had pathologic abnormalities. Their mean gestational age was 32.4 (+/-3.50) weeks and the mean birth weight was 1,842 (+/-728.6) grams. The Cronbach's alpha for the ICS was .78. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between ICS total score and five clinical variables including gestational age, birth weight, 1 and 5 min Apgar scores and respiration status. CONCLUSION: Mental status is an important parameter in nursing assessment. ICS is a valid and reliable instrument, which clinicians can easily use to evaluate the mental status of high risk infants.
Birth Weight ; Brain Injuries/diagnosis/ultrasonography ; Female ; Gestational Age ; *Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Male ; *Mental Health ; Premature Birth ; Program Evaluation ; Respiration, Artificial

No abstract available.
Salivary Glands*

No Abstract available.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation*

Authors were reviewed clinically for the patients who revealed ocular manifestations related to systemic diseases in year of 1968 (Table 1). The incidence of ocular changes related to systemic diseases (Table 2, 3, and 4), and ocular mansfestations of various systemic diseases such as infectious diseases, allergic diseases, endocrine diseases, nutritional and metabolic, central nerve system, cardiovascular diseases, hematopoietic diseases and connective tissue disorders (Table 5 to 22) were statistically and clinically observed in many respects. We observed some interesting cases such as macular edema (OU, aged 22, male) related to epidemic homorrhagic fever, monocular pseudoptosis in ocular conversion reaction and optic nerve atrophy (OU, aged 34, female) in toxemia.
Atrophy ; Cardiovascular System ; Communicable Diseases ; Connective Tissue ; Conversion Disorder ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Macular Edema ; Optic Nerve ; Toxemia

Symphyseal injury is increasing in number together with today's speed of development of car industry in Korea. However, this injury is not common in practice. Some authors reported that symphyseal injury is only 4 to 6% of all pelvic fractures. Symphysis pubis has characteristicsl anatomy to maintain mechanical integrity of the pe1vis with circumferential ligament. The pelvis is a ring structure with strong ligaments. This support include the symphysis pubis, the anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments, and the strong sacrotuberous ligaments. According to Peltier(1964), when symphysis is separated more than 1.0cm, pubic instability will be developed. However, Wild(1982) reported that pelvic instability develops when separation of the symphysis exceeds more than 2.5cm. Tile(1984) reported that anterior pubic rami acts as a strut to prevent anterior collapse of the pelvic ring during weight bearing. However, in the presence of intact posterior structures, it gives little effect on pelvic stability. In addition to trauma, pelvic instability develops congenitally or by pregnancy. During pregnancy, pregnancy-related hormones relsx the ligameritous stuctures of the pelvic girdle. In most instances, the major pelvic ring returns to normal when the effect of the relaxin hormones disappear. However, in rare instances, a major symphysis disruption may continuously persist. To evaluste the trauma-induced separation of the symphysis pubis, we analyzed the 19 cases with 15 months follow-up on an average, who were treated at the Orthopaedic Department, Kang-Nam St. Marys Hospital, from June 1981 to June 1986. The results were as follows 1. Among 19 cases, 9 cases(47.4%) were male, 10 cases(52.6%) were female. And average age of the patients was 30.2 years. 2. The main cause of the fracture was traffic accident in 18 out of 19 cases. 3. In cases of symphyseal separation more than 3.4cm, fracture-separation of both sacroiliac joint was certainly occured. However, in cases with separation more than 2.2cm, unilalateral fracture-dislocation of sacroiliac joint occurred. 4. Open reduction and interal fixatiopn including external fixation was performed in 9 og cases. As an indication of surgery, separation of the symphysis, which exceeds more than 2.2cm and which associated (1) with sacroiliac fracture-dislocation, (2) failed conservative treatment, and (3) when simultaneously emergency urological operation is indicated.
Accidents, Traffic ; Emergencies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Ligaments ; Male ; Pelvis ; Pregnancy ; Pubic Bone ; Relaxin ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Weight-Bearing

Crossed renal ectopia is an unusual congenital anomaly, probably produced by abnormal development of the ureteral bud. The deformity itself produces no symptoms and the clinical presentation generally is for obstruction and infection. The pediatric patients present most often with multiple congenital anomalies, especially of the skeletal system. We report the two cases of crossed renal ectopia with fusion with review of literatures.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Ureter

The bcl-2 gene is a proto-oncogene which extends cell survival by blocking apoptosis. Bcl-2 expression has been detected in many types of nodal and MALT lymphoma. The p53 gene is a tumor suppressor gene and p53 mutation is the most common genetic alteration in human malignancies. The relationship between the expression of bcl-2 and p53 protein in primary gastric lymphoma has been rarely reported. The authors investigated the expression of bcl-2 and p53 protein in 37 cases of primary gastric lymphoma by immunohistochemical method using bcl-2 and p53 monoclonal antibodies. There were five cases of low grade B-cell MALT lymphomas and thirty two cases of high grade B-cell lymphomas. Fifteen of 37 cases (41%) showed bcl-2 protein expression in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and 26 cases (70%) showed p53 protein expression in the nucleus of tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein was detected in 4 of 5 (80%) low grade MALT lymphomas, and in 11 of 32 (34%) high grade lymphomas. There was no significant correlation between bcl-2 expression and histologic grade of primary gastric lymphomas (p>0.05). p53 protein was positive in 25 of 32 (78%) high grade lymphomas, and in 1 of 5 (20%) low grade MALT lymphomas. The expression of p53 protein is significantly higher in high grade lymphoma than in low grade MALT lymphoma (p<0.05). The p53 expression in the bcl-2 negative cases (86%) was significantly higher than in the bcl-2 positive cases (47%). There was an inverse relationship between bcl-2 and p53 expression in primary gastric lymphoma. These results suggest that bcl-2 and p53 expression in primary gastric lymphoma may be involved in the transition from low grade MALT lymphoma to high grade lymphoma.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Survival ; Cytoplasm ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Proto-Oncogenes

This study is verifying the hypothesis that distraction followed by recompression may promote fracture healing of the osteoporotic bone on the assumption that distraction induces increased callus formation at the distracted gap and recompression results in fusiform callus, having biomechanically stronger fracture stiffness. Sixty-six Sprague-Dawley rats, in which osteoporosis were induced 6-8 weeks after oophorectomy, were separated into two groups. Group I was control group that had fracture healing by simple external fixation. Group II was experimental group that had fracture healing by monofocal distraction-compression. Radiomorphometric study revealed that there was significantly increased amount of callus and ensuing bone formation, which becehe obvious from 20 days after osteotomy in group II compared with group I. Biomechanical study also showed that tensile break strength was significantly higher in group II compared with group I with time. It is concluded that monofocal distraction-compression method may be one of the useful method to promote fracture healing of the estrogen deficient osteoporotic bone.
Animals ; Bony Callus ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fracture Healing* ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis* ; Osteotomy ; Ovariectomy ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley