Neoplastic disease of the spine can be a most difficuIt and perflexing problem. Nineteen cases of tumors in the the spine were studied in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital for 5 years and 6 months from January 1972 to June 1977. The results were as follows; 1. In 19 cases of tumors of the spine, primary tumor was 6 cases and metastatic tumor was 13 cases. 2. Primary tumors of the spine show hemangioma, osteochondroma, chondrosarcoma, giant cell tumor, chordoma, and chondromyxoid fibroma with each of one case 3. Primary sites of the metastatic tumors were lung (2 cases), genito-urinary system (2 cases), gastro-in testinal tract, skin, bone (each l case), and unknown (5 cases). 4. Thoracic and lumbar spines were most fregeuntly involved (75%). 5. Primary tumors were treated by radical excision and metastatic tumors by consevstive 6. Tumors of the spine must be differenciated from any diseases of the spine and the clinician must be alert that any spine lesion could be tumorous condition.
Chondrosarcoma ; Chordoma ; Fibroma ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Hemangioma ; Lung ; Orthopedics ; Osteochondroma ; Seoul ; Skin ; Spine

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: MNDA antagonists such as ketamine and MK-801 in experimental status epilepticus model were reported to have the effect of neuroprotection. It may be postulated that one of the mechanisms of neuronal damage is a calcium influx related to excitatory neurotransmmition. So we investigated the effects of various voltage gated calcium channel blockers on epileptogenic and neuroprotection in the hippocampus of lithium-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus animal mode]. Methods ; Each Sprague-Dawley rat (N=47) was injected intraperitoneally with lithium 3mEq/kg and pilocarpine 30 mg/kg to produce the satus epilepticus. The effects of pre-(15 minute before the injection of pilocarpine) and post-administration(15 minutes after the onset of seizure) of various voltage gated calcium channel (VGCC) blockers[nimodipine (NMDP), flunarizine (FRZ), verapamil(VPM), and diltiazem(DTZ) -20mg/kg I.p.] were tested by conting survived neurons on the hippocampus in lithim-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus rat model. RESULTS: Pre- & post- administration of each VGCC blocker protected the neurola damage in CA1 and CA3 area of the hippocampus (CA1 6.0+1.87 and CA3 2.6+0.89 in seizure control group, 43.2+/-4,32, and 28.0+4.47 in the NMDP, 44.8+/-7.46 and 29.0+4.30 in post-NMDP, 43.0+0.74 and 29.6+4.78 in pre-FRZ, 45.4+/-6.88 and 23.6+/-5.68 in post-FRZ, 37.2+/-5.85 and 18.4+5.68 in pre-VPM, 38.8+4.92 and 16.6+4.39 in post-VPM, 38.8+6.14 and 17.2+3.70 in pre-DTZ, and 39.6+8.26 and 15.6+5.41 in post-DTZ). The latencies from pilocarpine injection to the seizure onset behavioral alteration ictal electroencephalographic discharges during status epileptics were not changed despite pre- and post-adminstration of each VGCC blocker. These result indicate that VGCC blockers do not have a direct effect on epileptogenesis but have some relationship with neuroprotection. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the neuroprotecting effect of VGCC blocker in the neuronal damage due to status epileptics appears to be produced by blocking the intracellular calcium influx through the VGCC, blochers might be helpful to reduce neuronal damage in human with status epilepticus.
Animals ; Calcium Channel Blockers* ; Calcium Channels* ; Calcium* ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Flunarizine ; Hippocampus* ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Lithium ; Models, Animal* ; Neurons ; Pilocarpine ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus*

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: MNDA antagonists such as ketamine and MK-801 in experimental status epilepticus model were reported to have the effect of neuroprotection. It may be postulated that one of the mechanisms of neuronal damage is a calcium influx related to excitatory neurotransmmition. So we investigated the effects of various voltage gated calcium channel blockers on epileptogenic and neuroprotection in the hippocampus of lithium-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus animal mode]. Methods ; Each Sprague-Dawley rat (N=47) was injected intraperitoneally with lithium 3mEq/kg and pilocarpine 30 mg/kg to produce the satus epilepticus. The effects of pre-(15 minute before the injection of pilocarpine) and post-administration(15 minutes after the onset of seizure) of various voltage gated calcium channel (VGCC) blockers[nimodipine (NMDP), flunarizine (FRZ), verapamil(VPM), and diltiazem(DTZ) -20mg/kg I.p.] were tested by conting survived neurons on the hippocampus in lithim-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus rat model. RESULTS: Pre- & post- administration of each VGCC blocker protected the neurola damage in CA1 and CA3 area of the hippocampus (CA1 6.0+1.87 and CA3 2.6+0.89 in seizure control group, 43.2+/-4,32, and 28.0+4.47 in the NMDP, 44.8+/-7.46 and 29.0+4.30 in post-NMDP, 43.0+0.74 and 29.6+4.78 in pre-FRZ, 45.4+/-6.88 and 23.6+/-5.68 in post-FRZ, 37.2+/-5.85 and 18.4+5.68 in pre-VPM, 38.8+4.92 and 16.6+4.39 in post-VPM, 38.8+6.14 and 17.2+3.70 in pre-DTZ, and 39.6+8.26 and 15.6+5.41 in post-DTZ). The latencies from pilocarpine injection to the seizure onset behavioral alteration ictal electroencephalographic discharges during status epileptics were not changed despite pre- and post-adminstration of each VGCC blocker. These result indicate that VGCC blockers do not have a direct effect on epileptogenesis but have some relationship with neuroprotection. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the neuroprotecting effect of VGCC blocker in the neuronal damage due to status epileptics appears to be produced by blocking the intracellular calcium influx through the VGCC, blochers might be helpful to reduce neuronal damage in human with status epilepticus.
Animals ; Calcium Channel Blockers* ; Calcium Channels* ; Calcium* ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Flunarizine ; Hippocampus* ; Humans ; Ketamine ; Lithium ; Models, Animal* ; Neurons ; Pilocarpine ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus*

No Abstract Available.
Patellar Ligament*

Sacro-iliac joint is, as other joints, the prediIection site of tuberculous or pyogenic arthritis as well as primary or metastatic tumor. The writers reviewed twenty cases of sacro-iliac lesion performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, for the period of five years from June 1972 till May 1977. 1. They are tuberculous arthritis eleven, pyogenic arthritis five, ankylosing spondylitis two(one associated with spinal stenosis, the other with hip invoIvement), osteosarcomatosis one, metastatic tumor from adenocnrcinoma of prostate one 2. Infection is the predominant Iesion in sacro-iliac joint, and tuberculous arthritis is twice than pyogenic arthritis. 2. Early diagnosis of sacro-iliac lesion is difficult, but S-I stress test is a valuable finding. 4. Two of eleven cases of tuberculous arthritis, two of five cases of pyogenic arthritis with mild involvement were treated conservatively without sequele, but in more advanced cases, surgical intervention was preformed.
Arthritis ; Early Diagnosis ; Exercise Test ; Hip ; Joints ; Orthopedics ; Prostate ; Seoul ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing

No abstract available.
Hand*

BACKGROUND: Since the initial report on anesthesia for the renal transplantation from Peter Bent Brighan Hospital in 1962, the anesthesia for kidney transplantation has been reviewed and discussed by many authors. We have performed 200 renal transplantations from August 1990 to October 1996. No cadaveric donor was used and all except two cases was the first graft. METHODS: Anesthetic procedures in the recipients were as follows; 1) The recipient was dialysed within 24 hrs prior to operation. 2) Premedication was done as glycopyrrolate and fentanyl, or glycopyrrolate and diazepam. 3) Thiopental and vecuronium, or thiopental and succinylcholine were used for anesthetic induction. 4) N2O-O2-relaxant (vecuronium) with halothane or isoflurane were used for maintenance. 5) Neostigmine or pyridostigmine were also used to antagonize against the relaxant. 6) CVP was maintained around 10~17 cmH2O. RESULTS: The results were as follows; 1) The mean ages of donors and recipients were 35.3 and 37.4, respectively. The ratio of male to female of donors and recipients was 1.6 : 1 and 1.6 : 1, respectively. 2) One hundred and ten cases (55.0%) were living unrelated donors and 90 cases (45.0%) were living related donors. 3) Overall graft and patient survival rate was 96.9 and 98.0 at 1 year, 94.1 and 95.1 at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with renal failure have several common problems that are of significance to anesthesiologists, including anemia, bleeding tendency, electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, hypertension, hyper- or hypovolemia, and previous therapy with steroids and immunosuppressants, etc. Therefore anesthesiologists should keep in mind the risk factors above mentioned for the anesthetic management of patients with renal failure.
Acidosis ; Anemia ; Anesthesia ; Cadaver ; Diazepam ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Glycopyrrolate ; Halothane ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypovolemia ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Isoflurane ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Male ; Neostigmine ; Premedication ; Pyridostigmine Bromide ; Renal Insufficiency ; Risk Factors ; Steroids ; Succinylcholine ; Survival Rate ; Thiopental ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Unrelated Donors ; Vecuronium Bromide

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Bronchogenic Cyst*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are caloric test, SCEP, DP in Step velocity and VOR asymmetry in SHA test as parameters for evaluation in unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy in parameter of vestibular function test. The aim of this study is to assess the correlation between these parameters and intensity of spontaneous nystagmus in vestibular neuritis. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We evaluated 75 patients who were diagnosed as vestibular neuritis with 3 degree spontaneous nystagmus at vestibular function test lab from January 2000 to July 2005 in Dankook university hospital. The correlations between direction and intensity of spontaneous nystagmus and monothermal caloric test, SCEP and DP in step velocity, VOR asymmetry (0.01, 0.04, 0.16 Hz) in SHA test were analysed. And correlations according to sex, age were also analysed. RESULTS: The correlation coefficient between intensity of spontaneous nystagmus and monothermal caloric test was 0.60. The correlation coefficient between intensity of spontaneous nystagmus and SCEP was 0.35. The correlation coefficient between intensity of spontaneous nystagmus and Tc DP was 0.36 and it showed no significant correlation. The correlation coefficient between intensity of spontaneous nystagmus and VOR asymmetry (0.01, 0.04, 0.16) was 0.57, 0.46, 0.51, respectively and there was higher correlation in man, age under 60. CONCLUSION: Intensity of spontaneous nystagmus showed close relations to monothermal caloric test, VOR asymmetry of SHA, Tc DP, SCEP DP in sequence. In addition, young male patients tends to be closely related to intensity of spontaneous nystagmus.
Caloric Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Vestibular Function Tests* ; Vestibular Neuronitis*