No abstract available.
Endothelial Cells*

The authors have experienced with a case of orbital abscess that was thought to be an orbital tumor. The patient was a 5 year old Korean boy who had exophthalmos in the right eye, but he did not have definite signs of inflammation. On the orbital venogram, there was a space occupying lesion in the lateral and posterior portion of the right eye. To obtain the precise diagnosis of the lesion, we made a surgical approach and drainage of the pus was performed. The pus culture yielded coagulase-positive Staphylococcus. The literature relating to orbital abscess was briefly reviewed.
Abscess* ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Exophthalmos ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Orbit* ; Staphylococcus ; Suppuration

The term Down's syndrome is preferred to mongolism. The most constant characteristic of disease is mental retardation. The incidence of Down's syndrome is about 1/600 in the general population, being roughly the same in various parts of world and in all races. The patient's mother's age at the same time of conception as well as the nature of chromosomalmalformation are in genetic counseling. We reported a case of Down's syndrome in 5 year old female who was bone in 38 year old mother, and she was noted epicanthus, nystagmus, esotropia, Brush-field spots. Other systemic manifestation-, Simian crease, short extrimites, inward curved 5th finger, Sandal gap foot, congenital heart disease, prominent abdomen-, was also noted.
Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Continental Population Groups ; Down Syndrome* ; Esotropia ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fingers ; Foot ; Genetic Counseling ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intellectual Disability ; Mothers

This study is concerned with human vertical saccadic systam to various visual stimulus. A system is described fer the recording and analysis of corrective movements and the angular velocities asscciated with 10 degrees and 20degrees vertical saccades. Recordings wsre made with photoelectric IR reflection method and the saccades were induced by a target system which operates on non-predictable manner. Statistical results for average peak veIomnes of right eye are given for a group of 4 normal subjects and compared with horizontal saccades. Most of corrective movements were categorized to saccadic and glissadic and magnitude of corrective errors were within 1 degree and 2 degrees and showed 20% production rate. The peak velccity statistics showed as 280 and 440 deg/s associated with 10 degrees and 20 degrees vertical movement and downward values were slightly faster than upward movements. Our results were compared with horizontal saccades and discussed the possibility of research and clinical tool that could be used on a large number and variety of patients.
Eye Movements* ; Humans ; Ocular Motility Disorders* ; Saccades

Most common annoyant for angular blepharitis has long been known as a diplobacillus of Morax-Axenfeld since 1897. Bacteriological study has been done on 56 patients (102 eyes) being suffered from angular blepharitis clinically diagnosed in the Dept. of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine. Most angular blepharitis involved bilaterally (82%), 34 cases of angular blepharitis were seen in the nasal canthus (61%). Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated from 50 eyes (49%) with angular blepharitis and staphylococcus au reus from 41 eyes (40%). No diplobacillus of Morax-Axenfeld was demonstrated in the culture from angular blepharitis.
Blepharitis* ; Humans ; Ophthalmology ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus epidermidis

The authors have experienced a case of neurofibromatosis with pulsating exephthlmos of the left eye of a 15 year old Korean boy. Skull P-A showed wider left orbital cavity and absence of greater and lesser wings of the left aphenoid bone. Pathologic examination was performed with biopsy which was taken fro upper lid of the left eye and conformed neurofibromatosis. The literatures relating to this disease were briafly reviewed.
Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Exophthalmos* ; Humans ; Male ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Orbit ; Skull

One hundred patients who have a urethral stone lesser than 1.0cm in diameter were evaluated for spontaneous passage during 8 months between July, 1991 and February, 1992. The spontaneous, passage in accordance with duration of follow-up, the stone site, size, shape and degree of urethra obstruction was investigated. The overall rate of spontaneous passage was 56.0 % with the duration or 39.3 days ranging from 2 days to 8 months. Among these 56 patients, 48(85.7% ) obtained a spontaneous passage within 8 weeks. The rate and duration of spontaneous passage according to stone site were 57.7%, 67.4 days in upper ureter, 25.0%, 64.0 days in mid ureter and 57.1%. 21.9 days in lower ureter, respectively. Spontaneous passage rate was insignificantly correlated with the increment of stone size, but the duration requiring for spontaneous passage of lower ureteral stone was shorter than those of upper or mid ureteral stones. For stone shape the smooth surface or cylindrical shaped stone was more easily passed out spontaneously than the irregular or round shaped one. And, the severer ureteral obstruction, the poorer spontaneous passage was observed. Therefore, the ureteral stone which is smaller than 1.0cm in diameter could be expected a spontaneous passage for 8 weeks at least unless there are specific symptoms or impairment of renal function, especially when the stone has smooth-cylindrical shape and the ureter shows minimal obstruction.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction ; Urethra

Convergence spasm is characterized by esotropia at near fixation in otherwise orthophoria or possibly exotropia at distance. A sustained convergence is usually associated with spasm of accomodation. This syndrome classically includes induced myopia, miosis of accomodation, esotropia and diplopia which increase at near fixation. A spasm of convergence of organic origin is very rare indeed but has been in central nervous system diseases of irritative type such as meningitis, encephalitis and post-encephalitic states. This condition may be seen in hysteria and traumatic neurosis. The case reported in the following was an 11 year old boy who presented with hysterical convergence spasm associated with an increase in accomodation, miosis and nystagmus at near fixation.
Central Nervous System Diseases ; Child ; Diplopia ; Encephalitis ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Hysteria ; Male ; Meningitis ; Miosis ; Myopia ; Spasm*

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Doenjang, Korean traditional fermented soybean paste has been reported to have an anti-obesity effect. Because adipose tissue is considered a major source of inflammatory signals, we investigated the protective effects of Doenjang and steamed soybean on oxidative stress and inflammation in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat diet (LF), a high-fat diet (HF), or a high-fat containing Doenjang diet (DJ) or a high-fat containing steamed soybean diet (SS) for 11 weeks. RESULTS: Mice fed a DJ diet showed significantly lower body and adipose tissue weights than those in the HF group. Although no significant differences in adipocyte size and number were observed among the HF diet-fed groups, consumption of Doenjang alleviated the incidence of crown-like structures in adipose tissue. Consistently, we observed significantly reduced mRNA levels of oxidative stress markers (heme oxygenase-1 and p40phox), pro-inflammatory adipokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1), macrophage markers (CD68 and CD11c), and a fibrosis marker (transforming growth factor beta 1) by Doenjang consumption. Gene expression of anti-inflammatory adipokine, adiponectin was significantly induced in the DJ group and the SS group compared to the HF group. The anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects observed in mice fed an SS diet were not as effective as those in mice fed a DJ diet, suggesting that the bioactive compounds produced during fermentation and aging may be involved in the observed health-beneficial effects of Doenjang. CONCLUSIONS: Doenjang alleviated oxidative stress and restored the dysregulated expression of adipokine genes caused by excess adiposity. Therefore, Doenjang may ameliorate systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity via inhibition of inflammatory signals of adipose tissue.
Adipocytes ; Adipokines ; Adiponectin ; Adipose Tissue* ; Adiposity ; Aging ; Animals ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat* ; Fermentation ; Fibrosis ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation* ; Macrophages ; Male ; Mice* ; Mice, Obese ; Necrosis ; Obesity ; Oxidative Stress* ; RNA, Messenger ; Soybeans* ; Steam ; Weights and Measures

Although glufosinate ammonium herbicides are considered safe when used properly, ingestion of the undiluted form can cause grave outcomes. Recently, we treated a 34-yr-old man who ingested glufosinate ammonium herbicide. In the course of treatment, the patient developed apnea, mental deterioration, and sixth cranial nerve palsy; he has since been discharged with full recovery after intensive care. This case report describes the clinical features of glufosinate intoxication with a focus on sixth cranial nerve palsy. Our observation suggests that neurologic manifestations after ingestion of a "low-grade toxicity herbicide" are variable and more complex than that was previously considered.
Abducens Nerve Diseases/*chemically induced/drug therapy ; Adult ; Aminobutyrates/*poisoning ; Enzyme Inhibitors/poisoning ; Herbicides/*poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Seizures/chemically induced ; Surface-Active Agents/poisoning ; Unconsciousness/chemically induced