No abstract available.
Animals ; Interleukin-2 ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis*

PURPOSE: This paper is a report on the concept analysis of family-centered care for hospitalized children. METHODS: The concept analysis approach of Walker and Avant was used. A search of multidisciplinary literature published between 1960 and 2016 was undertaken using the keyword ‘family centered care’ or ‘family centered nursing’ combined with hospitalized children. Attributes, antecedents, and consequences were inductively derived from the citations analyzed (n=19). RESULTS: The attributes of family-centered care included (1) family respect, (2) collaboration, (3) family support, and (4) information sharing. These attributes are influenced by the ‘willingness of family to participate’, ‘competency and willingness of staff,’ and ‘institution policy and system.’ Additionally, family-centered care does significantly impact ‘the health of the children’, ‘family empowerment’ and ‘work satisfaction and self-confidence of staff’. CONCLUSION: Family-centered care of hospitalized children as defined by the result of this study will contribute to the theoretical foundation for application in pediatric nursing practice.
Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Cooperative Behavior ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Pediatric Nursing ; Walkers

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The status of tumor suppression gene can be assessed indirectly by analyzing the loss of heterozygosity. Hepatoblastoma is a malignant liver tumor in childhood. To find the molecular carcinogenetic mechanism of hepatoblastoma, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of p73, APC and p53 was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hepatoblastoma tissues from thirty-three cases were collected by lobectomy or tumorectomy. On H- stained sections, normal and tumor cells were microdissected separately and LOH analysis was perfomed using 8 markers: six of p73, one of APC and one of p53. RESULTS: Number of cases showing at least one LOH in six p73 markers was four out of twenty- six (15.4%): each LOH frequencies in D1S160, D1S170, D1S199, D1S228, D1S243 and D1S253 were in order of 7.7%, 0%, 9.1%, 0%, 12.5% and 0%. LOH frequency of APC was 41.7% and that of p53 was 13.3%. CONCLUSION: Low LOH frequency of p73 related markers indicates that p73 gene may not be implicated in carcinogenesis of hepatoblastoma.
Carcinogenesis ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Liver ; Loss of Heterozygosity*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active* ; Humans ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase*

Fourteen total cystectomy specimens with primary carcinoma of urinary bladder were investigated to illustrate the overall prevalence and nature of mucosal changes adjacent to the overt carcinoma and to clarify the distribution pattern and extent of carcinoma in situ in regard with multiplicity, histological type and depth of invasion of the macroscopically visible tumor mass. Of 14 cases subjected to this study were 12 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of varying degree of differentiation and invasion, one adenocarcinoma, and the another one with no grossly detectable tumor but history of previous cystoscopic removal of papillary transitional cell carcinoma. Each specimen was processed by a histotopographic technique developed by authors, an easy access to reconstruct the mucosal changes using reconstruction paper. For the histological grading and staging of the overt carcinomas, Ash's and Collins' classifications were applied, respectively. Carcinoma in situ (CIS) was found in 10 out of 11 cases with overt urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder and one case with no grossly visible neoplasm, in which cystoscopic removal of papillary carcinoma was carried out previously. Distribution pattern of CIS was mostly circular (group I) or arborizing (group II) , located around the overt carcinoma within 0.5 to 2.0cm., but not beyond 3.0cm. from its margin. Correlation between multiplicity of overt carcinomas and presence of CIS was evident together with irregularity of its distribution, but no significance was found with gross appearance, histological grading or with staging.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma in Situ* ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Classification ; Cystectomy ; Mucous Membrane* ; Prevalence ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE:In infants born intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR), there may be persistent short stature in childhood and adulthood, although most IUGR infants show some degree of catch-up growth. The purpose of this study was to describe the postnatal growth status in order to determine the incidence of catch-up growth. METHODS:This study was carried out with the 260 IUGR infants(birth weight<2,500gm) born at Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, from October 1989 to March 1995. RESULTS: 1)Mean gestational age was 38.3+/-.6weeks, mean birth weight was 2.3+/-.2kg and mean birth length was 46.1+/-.7cm. 2)Mean height standard deviation score(height SDS) was 0.02+/-.03. Height SDS was -0.002+/-.71 at 1 year of age, 0.03+/-.14 at 2 years of age, -0.03+/-.71 at 3 years of age, 0.01+/-.24 at 4 years of age, 0.16+/-.24 at 5 years of age, -0.08+/-.43 at 6 years of age. 3)Of the entire study group of the 260 children, 16 children (6%) were below 10 percentile in height. 1 of 36 (2.8%) was below 10 percentile in height at 1 year of age, 5 of 86(5.8%) at 2 years of age, none at 3 years of age, 6 of 44 (13.6%) at 4 years of age, 1 of 25 (4.0%) at 5 years of age, 3 of 17 (17.6%) at 6 years of age. 4)Height SDS significantly correlated with gestational age (r=0.57, p<0.01), birth weight (r=0.17, p<0.01) and midparental height (r=0.72, p<0.01). 5)Birth length and midparental height showed significant differences between catch-up group and non-catch-up group (p<0.01). Condusions:In summary, of the infants born IUGR, 94% showed catch-up growth. Birth length and midparental height were significantly lower in non- catch-up group.
Birth Weight ; Child ; Fetal Growth Retardation* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Parturition

No abstract available.
Lymphangioma* ; Orbit*

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous tumor is very rare. In the worldwide literature, only 14 cases have been reported. Herein, we report two cases of retroperitoneal mucinous tumor found at laparotomy. The patients were females, aged 24 and 21 years, respectively. They had bilateral normal ovaries. Histologically, one was mucinous cystadenoma and the other showed borderline histology. The connective tissue wall resembling ovarian stroma was noted in one case. The pathogenesis was discussed.
Female ; Humans