To get the pure clinical results of Yag Laser Posterior Capsulotomy, excluding all the possible factors that might affect the results of that, we performed posterior capsulotomies on after cataracts(118 eyes) by using Q-switched Nd:Yag laser from February 1987 to August 1989 and reviewed the results. Group A is composed of 68 surgical aphakic eyes and group B is composed of 50 Posterior chamber pseudophakic eyes. The results were as follows: 1. One eye in groupA and one eye in group B were congenital cataracts and the others were all adult and senile cataracts. 2. As a result of posterior capsulotomy, 59 eyes(86.8%) in group A and 42(84%) in group B were above 0.5 in corrected visual acuity. 3. On performing, the power setting was under 1.5mJ in 59 eyes(86.8%) in groupA and 40 eyes(80%) in group B. 4. Ocular complications developed in 35 eyes(51.5%) in group A and 15 eyes(30%) in group B. 5. Good preoperative ocular condition may predict good postoperative clinical results. 6. Less energy and pulses in operation combined with less occurrences of vitrous prolapse in group B might be associated with less development of postoperative complications in group B than in group A.
Adult ; Aphakia* ; Cataract ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Posterior Capsulotomy* ; Postoperative Complications ; Prolapse ; Pseudophakia* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the principal physiological urokinase-type plasminogen activator and is thought to regulate the overall invasive and metastatic behaviors of cancer cells. Although the occurrence of bone marrow micrometastases is an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer, its pathomechanism is not yet fully revealed until. We hypothesize that PAI-1 has a major role in the development of bone marrow micrometastases in breast cancer. Accordingly, we attempted to establish a correlation between PAI-1 activity in tumor tissues and bone marrow micrometastases in breast cancer. Additionally, we studied the relationship between PAI-1 level and selected clinicopathological characteristics such as tumor size, lymph node metastases, and steroid receptor positivity. METHODS: we used the RT-PCR targeting mRNA of cytokeratin 19 to detect bone marrow micrometastases and an ELISA kit to estimate PAI-1 activity in frozen tumor tissues. RESULTS: (1) The median PAI-1 level was 13.55 ng/ml+/- 16.38 in the cases with bone marrow metastases, and 6.02 ng/ml+/-10.85 in the cases without bone marrow micrometastases. The difference was statistically significant (p-value= 0.0165). (2) PAI-1 levels did not show any significant differ-ences according to lymph node status, variation of tumor size or the expression status of the steroid receptors. CONCLUSION: PAI-1 is considered to have a role to hematogenous metastases of breast cancer cells. However, further study is recommended to reveal its significance as an independent prognstic factor for breast cancer.
Bone Marrow* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Keratin-19 ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators ; Plasminogen* ; Receptors, Steroid ; RNA, Messenger ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

PURPOSE: Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the principal physiological urokinase-type plasminogen activator and is thought to regulate the overall invasive and metastatic behaviors of cancer cells. Although the occurrence of bone marrow micrometastases is an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer, its pathomechanism is not yet fully revealed until. We hypothesize that PAI-1 has a major role in the development of bone marrow micrometastases in breast cancer. Accordingly, we attempted to establish a correlation between PAI-1 activity in tumor tissues and bone marrow micrometastases in breast cancer. Additionally, we studied the relationship between PAI-1 level and selected clinicopathological characteristics such as tumor size, lymph node metastases, and steroid receptor positivity. METHODS: we used the RT-PCR targeting mRNA of cytokeratin 19 to detect bone marrow micrometastases and an ELISA kit to estimate PAI-1 activity in frozen tumor tissues. RESULTS: (1) The median PAI-1 level was 13.55 ng/ml 16.38 in the cases with bone marrow metastases, and 6.02 ng/ml 10.85 in the cases without bone marrow micrometastases. The difference was statistically significant (p-value=0.0165). (2) PAI-1 levels did not show any significant differences according to lymph node status, variation of tumor size or the expression status of the steroid receptors. CONCLUSION: PAI-1 is considered to have a role to hematogenous metastases of breast cancer cells. However, further study is recommended to reveal its significance as an independent prognstic factor for breast cancer.
Bone Marrow* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Keratin-19 ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators ; Plasminogen* ; Receptors, Steroid ; RNA, Messenger ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

This is pilot study to evaluate the relationship of physical fitness with age, body fat, work pattern and life style among 20-9 aged male workers (n=417). Physical fitness was measured by maximum oxygen uptake, forced vital capacity, 1 second forced expiratory volume, grip strength, back strength, sit ups and trunk flexion. Life style was self-reported on a questionnaire about regular exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, degree of stress, and percent of body fat measured by bioelectrical impedance fat meter. Age was significantly and negatively related to physical fitness except grip strength. Obesity was next to most significant factor for physical fitness, it was associated with maximum oxygen uptake, grip strength, back strength, trunk flexion. Regular exercise was associated with maximum oxygen uptake. Others was insignificantly related to physical fitness. Performance of physical fitness test was significantly correlated with age, obesity and regular exercise.
Adipose Tissue* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Coffee ; Electric Impedance ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Life Style* ; Male* ; Obesity ; Oxygen ; Physical Fitness* ; Pilot Projects ; Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vital Capacity

No abstract available.
Capsid Proteins* ; Capsid*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Increased QT dispersion (QTD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may be related with such adverse events as sudden cardiac death and ischemic heart failure. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred eight patients (age : 62+/-10.4 years, 158 males), underwent diagnostic coronary angiography under the diagnosis of AMI between January and December 2001 at the Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, and these patients were enrolled to evaluate the relationship between the QTD and myocardial injury and the complex coronary arterial lesion. RESULTS: A QTD of over 80 ms was observed in 89 patients (42.7%). There were in 61 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, 68.5%) and 28 patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI, 31.5%). There was no correlation between the QTD and such risk factors as hypertension, diabetes, gender, smoking, hyperlipidemia and family history. The level of CK-MB on admission was correlated with the QTD (112.5+/-98.1 U/L in the group with a QTD over 80 ms and 72.6+/-73.4 U/L in the group with a QTD under 80 ms, p<0.05). The ejection fraction measured by two dimensional echocardiography on admission showed correlation with the QTD (50.9+/-11.4% in the group with a QTD over 80 ms and 54.7+/-11.2% U/L in the group with a QTD under 80 ms, p<0.05). For the coronary angiographic findings, the lesion type, according to American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association classification, correlated with the QT dispersion (type B2 or C : 64.1% in the group with a QTD over 80 ms, 49.6% in the group with a QTD under 80 ms, p<0.05) CONCLUSION: There was significant correlation between the prolonged QTD and the severity of myocardial injury at admission, and the complex coronary arterial lesion in patients with AMI.
Classification ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Jeollanam-do ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking