The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective role of esmolol during cross-clamping of descending thoracic aorta on the ischemic myocardium induced by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) in dogs. LAD was ligated for 15 min followed by reperfusion. Nitroglycerin with or without esmolol were continuously infused throughout procedure and the thoracic aorta was cross-clamped for 45 mins. Eighteen dogs were divided into three groups; group C-no drug administerd, group N-nitroglycerin(5 ug/kg/min), and group NE-nitroglycerin(5 ug/kg/min) with esmolol(0.5 mg/kg as loading dose following 50 ug/kg/min as maintenance dose). Heart rate(HR), mean arterial pressure(MAP), stroke volume(SV), cardiac index(CI), left ventricular stroke work index(LVSWI), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP), triple index(TI), mixed venous oxygen tension of great cardiac vein(PgvO2), Ca-vDO2(carotid arterial oxygen content-great cardiac vein oxygen content) and lactate were measured three times in each group before ligation of LAD(stage 1), 15 minutes after LAD ligation(stage 2) and 45 minutes after cross-clamping of descending thoracic aorta(stage 3). The results were as follows: 1) MAP of group NE at stage 3 was significantly high compared with group C but low compared with group N (P<0.05). 2) SV of group NE at stage 3 was significantly high compared with group C and group N. A significant change was observed between group C and group N(P<0.05). 3) CI, LVSWI, PgvO2 of group NE at stage 3 were significantly high compared with group C but not significantly high compared with group N(P<0.05). 4) HR, PCWP, Lactate level of group NE at stage 3 were significantly low compared with group C and group N. A significant change was also observed between group C and group N(P<0.05). 5) TI, Ca vDO2 of group NE at stage 3 were significantly low compared with group C and group N, but no significant change was observed between group C and group N(P<0.05). These results suggest that esmolol could protect ischemic myocardium from progressive damage via reduction of myocardial oxygen consumption without decrease of cardiac output and left ventricular stroke work index.
Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Capillaries ; Cardiac Output ; Dogs ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics* ; Lactic Acid ; Ligation ; Myocardium ; Nitroglycerin* ; Oxygen Consumption ; Oxygen* ; Reperfusion ; Stroke ; Veins

No abstract available.
Humans

Colorectal cancer consists of 8.2 percent of all malignancy in korea, and shows more increaing tendency. Despite the advances in the detection of calorectal cancer no single screening technique has achieved both high degree of diagnostic accuracy and minimal patient morbidity. We studied 24 patients, who underwent colonoscopy, with clinical suspicious colon cancer at Presbyterian Medical Center between Jan and Sep.1995, and evaluated the diagnostic feasibility of colon lavage cytology using oral cleansing solution.(continue...)
Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Protestantism ; Therapeutic Irrigation

Colorectal cancer consists of 8.2 percent of all malignancy in korea, and shows more increaing tendency. Despite the advances in the detection of calorectal cancer no single screening technique has achieved both high degree of diagnostic accuracy and minimal patient morbidity. We studied 24 patients, who underwent colonoscopy, with clinical suspicious colon cancer at Presbyterian Medical Center between Jan and Sep.1995, and evaluated the diagnostic feasibility of colon lavage cytology using oral cleansing solution.(continue...)
Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Protestantism ; Therapeutic Irrigation

Purpose: We sought to assess mortality trends in chest-abdominal trauma patients, before and after the implementation of the Project Supporting Establishment of Trauma Centers (PSETC) in the Republic of Korea. Methods: Data from the National Health Insurance Service claims database between 2009 to 2017 were analyzed. Patients with chest-abdominal trauma were defined as those with relevant main diagnosis codes and claims for emergency medical management fees. Mortality and cumulative data were analyzed for each year to compare mortality before and after the establishment of regional trauma centers across Korea (2014). Results: In total, 29,127 patients were included in the analysis. While the annual incidence of trauma-related chest-abdominal injuries increased, mortalities decreased. In particular, the trauma incidence rate among patients over 50 years increased during the study period. Mortalities at trauma centers did not change year by year after the PSETC. Before and after 2014, when trauma centers operated under the PSETC, mortalities decreased [trauma cases before the PSETC; n = 14,321 (mortality 5.61), after the PSETC; n = 14,806 (mortality 4.96)]. Conclusion The number of patients treated for chest-abdominal injuries increased from 2009 to 2017 in Korea, whereas mortalities decreased over the same period.