No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Membranes* ; Rupture*

Fractures of the hip in children are rare. The reported incidence is low. It is known that the force required to fracture the bone in childhood is of great magnitude. Rang(1983) reported several important differences between childhood and adult fractures. And Morrissy (1980) also reported differences in treatment. The complications of the femoral neck fractures in children are avascular necorsis, premature epiphyseal closure, nonunion, coxa vara, and infection. The reported incidence of avascular necrosis varies from 20 to 60 percent. Many methods of trestment for this complications are introduced up to now. However, a definite method could not be found. Therefore, we reported two cases of femoral neck fracture which complicated the avascular necrosis for whom non-weight bearing trestment after osteosynthesis were given for 16 and 25 months, respectively. In these two cases, we could obtain the following results. Fracture union was not hindered by avasculsr necrosis of the femoral head. Non-weight bearing could prevent the collapse of necrotic head, and seemed to help revascularization of the necrotic head.
Adult ; Child ; Coxa Vara ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Prognosis

Congenital Ectodermal dysplasia is known to be rare, recently we experienced one case of congenital ectodermal dysplasia of hydrotic tipe in newborn infant due to autosomal dominance. Review of Literatvre was done briefly.
Ectoderm* ; Ectodermal Dysplasia* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe quality of life (QOL) in Korean school-age children by identifying dimensions and attributes of QOL from the child's point of view. METHOD: In-depth interviews with focus questions were used for the study. Twelve children, aged 10 to 13 years, were recruited from Seoul and rural areas. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed before content analysis. The data were analyzed for themes and attributes. The researchers read the data together and discussed their conclusions until a consensus was reached. RESULTS: Eight dimensions, 57 subdimensions and 101atttributes were identified for QOL in school-age children. The eight dimensions of QOL were physical, social, emotional, learning, leisure, family, self-value, and material aspects. CONCLUSION: The study results can be utilized in developing reliable instruments to measure quality of life specific to school-age children. It is proposed that a consistent and unified policy should be established by school, family, and community for the purpose of improving the QOL of school-age children.
Child* ; Consensus ; Humans ; Learning ; Leisure Activities ; Quality of Life* ; Seoul ; Child Health

This study was conducted to develop the standard breakfast menu for those weak groups having insufficient breakfast intake. The following three target groups are classified as: 16 - 19 years old high school male student, 20 - 29 years old female who have job or college students, 20 - 29 years old male or female who have job (double income family). While developing menus for each target groups, we applied several basic guidelines for meal planning as follows: Nutrient intake level was set to 1/3 of RDA, while the energy level to 1/4 of RDAs. Most frequent meal pattern of Koreans was adapted; Suitabilities of appropriate serving size and cost for middle-income families were considered; Domestic foods and ingredients were used. We developed 24 menus summed by 2 menus for each season and three target groups. When evaluating the menus, most of the breakfast menus were sufficient of nutrients as a meal for the subjects. Three food groups such as grain/starch group, meat/fish/egg/bean group, vegetable/fruit group were included in all menus. Even though milk/dairy products group was not excluded for some menus, other calcium substitutes like anchovies were used. Oil/nut/sugar group was used to a minimum. The average number of foods for each menu was 12.8, which ranged from 10 to 17 depending on the menus. The average weight of the menus including soup was 822 g, 633 g and 730 g for each target group, respectively. The average price of the menu ranged from 2,000 to 3,500 won per person. The above results could be applied at home as well as foodservice institutes and furthermore could offer information for developing breakfast-substituting food products.
Academies and Institutes ; Adult ; Breakfast* ; Calcium ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Seasons ; Serving Size ; Young Adult

This study was designed to determine the attitude and degree of satisfaction of recipients toward the meal service program for elderly people. Nine hundred and eight elderly people(male: 301, female: 607) were interviewed by trained personnel. The results were as follows. Forty two percent of them had no income and 43.8% of the respondents were supported economically by the government. Their main reasons for attending the free congregated meal program was economic hardship(37.9%) The channels of becoming aware of the free meal program were through their friends(33.4%) and the meal service centers were located in the respondents residence area(36.0%) Thus any other advertisement from local government of official channels about the free meal program were not effective for the elderly 26.9% of the respondents felt inconvenience in visiting the meal service centers because they had some difficulty in walking, 53.5% of them however answered that they didn t have any complains and were quite satisfied with the meal service. The average satisfaction score for the free meal service was 63.4(maximum score 75) As for each evaluation item respondents were highly satisfied with volunteers attitude in meal serving(4.58+/-0.65: maximum 5 point) The evaluation score of females was generally lower than that of males(p<0.05) Oncemore, respondents who were in lowere socio-economic classes were marked by having significantly lower satisfaction scores for the meal service compared with higher scocio-economic classes. For the welfare of elderly people, meal service programs should be extended to more elderly persons and developed considering the elderlys ecological factors.
Aged* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Female ; Humans ; Local Government ; Meals* ; Volunteers ; Walking

We report a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a 30-yr-old female housewife caused by Penicillium species found in her home environment. The patient was diagnosed according to history, chest radiograph, spirometry, high-resolution chest CT, and transbronchial lung biopsy. To identify the causative agent, cultured aeromolds were collected by the open-plate method. From the main fungi cultured, fungal antigens were prepared, and immunoblot analysis with the patient's serum and each fungal antigen was performed. A fungal colonies were isolated from the patient's home. Immunoblotting analysis with the patient's sera demonstrated a IgG-binding fractions to Penicillium species extract, while binding was not noted with control subject. This study indicates that the patient had hypersensitivity pneumonitis on exposure to Penicillium species in her home environment.
Adult ; Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic/*etiology/immunology/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Fungal/blood ; Antigens, Fungal ; Environmental Microbiology ; Female ; Housing ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Korea ; Penicillium/*immunology/isolation and purification/*pathogenicity

Respiratory infections, which are caused by airborne pathogens, are the most common disease of all ages worldwide. This study was conducted to characterize the airborne respiratory pathogens in the public facilities in Busan, South Korea. A total of 260 public facilities were investigated in 2017, 52 seasonal indoor air from 2 hospitals and 208 indoor air samples from 208 randomly selected daycare centers. Among respiratory pathogen, 8 viral pathogens including human adenovirus (HAdV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV) and influenza virus (IFV), and 3 bacterial pathogens including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae, were investigated by multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Pathogens were detected in 9 cases (3.4%). Among 9 positive samples, 6 (2.3%) cases were positive for HBoV and 3 (1.2%) cases were positive for IFV. All the positive cases were detected in daycare centers. Additionally, the concentration of HBoV was determined. In HBoV-positive samples, the cycle threshold (Ct) values of HBoV were 29.73~36.84, which are corresponding to the viral concentration of 4.91 × 10⁰ ~ 9.57 × 10² copies/ml. Serotype distribution of isolated HBoV was analyzed by sequencing of VP1/VP2 gene. All of the HBoV isolates were identified as HBoV type 1 with a high similarity among the isolates (>97%). No bacterial pathogen was identified in indoor air samples. Although virus concentration was not high in public facilities (daycare center), the presence of respiratory viral pathogens has been identified. Effective ventilation and air purification strategies are needed to reduce the indoor concentration of respiratory pathogens. A long-term and ongoing surveillance plan for respiratory pathogen management should be established.
Adenoviruses, Human ; Bordetella pertussis ; Busan ; Chlamydial Pneumonia ; Chlamydophila pneumoniae ; Coronavirus ; Human bocavirus ; Humans ; Korea ; Metapneumovirus ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Public Facilities* ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Reverse Transcription ; Rhinovirus ; Seasons ; Serogroup ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The success rate of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is not satisfactory enough compared to that of external approach because the newly made ostium is easily obstructed due to granulation tissue formed around the small ostium. The objective of this study is to describe a new technique of an endoscopic DCR which minimizes the stenosis of neo-ostium and to report its success rate. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Twenty patients who had undergone endoscopic DCR with the diagnosis of proximal nasolacrimal duct obstruction were investigated retrospectively. All procedures were done by the same surgeon. The surgical technique includes elevation of mucosal flap, full sac exposure using diamond drill, and design of mucosal flap to cover the denuded bone and approximate with opened sac mucosa. Postoperative symptom improvement and endoscopic finding of the neo-ostium were evaluated. The mean duration of follow-up was 8 months. RESULTS: Ninety percent success rate was noted without any serious complications. Obstruction of the neo-ostium with granulation tissue was observed in two patients. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic DCR using mucosal flap after full sac exposure gives satisfactory success rate without any serious complications.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Diagnosis ; Diamond ; Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Nasal Mucosa ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: This study aimed was done to analyze recent trends in nursing research published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing by focusing on the content of nursing interventions and their level of evidence. METHODS: A total of 209 studies published between 2007 and 2008 were reviewed using analysis criteria developed by the researchers. RESULTS: The number of quantitative studies was greater than that of qualitative studies. There was a slight increase in the number of qualitative studies and studies including elderly populations, which reflects the recent population trend in Korea. More randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias were needed to support more evidence-based nursing practice. Concerning the low rate of ethical consideration, stricter application of research ethics needs to be encouraged. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest the recent trends in nursing research and the direction of nursing research and review in the Journal.
Bibliometrics ; Humans ; Nursing Research/*trends ; *Periodicals as Topic ; Qualitative Research ; Republic of Korea