To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of excretory urography, results were reviewed in 60 patients with chronic epididymitis. In 37 patients(of total 60 cases) who have neither scrotal fistula nor hematuria (microscopic or gross) nor positive urine AFB staining, there was no tuberculous finding in excretory urography. And findings consistent with renal tuberculosis were found in 11 cases (73% ) of 15 patients with scrotal fistula, in 9 cases (75%) of 12 patients with hematuria and in 4 cases (80%) of 5 patients with positive urine AFB staining. Therefore, routine use excretory urography in chronic epididymitis is revealing neither scrotal fistula nor hematuria nor positive AFB in urine is not always necessary for detection of renal tuberculosis in terms of cost effectiveness.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Epididymitis* ; Fistula ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Male ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Urography*

No abstract available.
Reoperation*

This retrospective descriptive study was conducted to survey the needlestick injuries(NSI) in nurses and doctors. Thc subjccts of this study wcrc 351 nurscs and 199 doctors of four teaching hospitals. Pusan. The data was gathered from March, 18 to April 9. 1988 and analyzed though SPSSWIN progra n for frequency, percentile and X2-test. According to the results of the study, 85.5% of subjects had experienced NSI (94.4% of the nurses and 73.9% of the doctors). The ratio of the experience of NSI in nurses was significantly higher than that of doctors(X2=53.54, P=.00). Most needle-stick injuries occured during the administration of intravenous injection(36.7%) in nurses, on the other hand percutaneous venipuncture for blood sampling(35.3%), suturing(27.2%) in doctors. The most ccmmon situation of these NSI was recapping contaminated needles after treatment. Only 12.0% of nurses and 38.6% of doctors reported wearing gloves when the NSI happened. 26.1% of subjects reported that they could not identify the source patient after MI. The major reason of NSI were preeeived to be carelessness%1.4%). Of these NSI, 54.6% occured in :usy or emergency situations. Among the management for NSI, exam(8.6%), mefication(9.8%) and counseling(11.7%) and reporting(2,6%. is lower than bleeding(80.3%) from the wound, deaning( 63.3%), disinfection(91.3%) and reviewing the clinical records of the patients (82.3%). In conclusion, nurses and doctors are at a high-risk of needlestick injuries but substantially they are not good at preventing and managing NSI. So efforts to reduce NSI should be directed not only at improving procedural skills for intravenous catheter insertions, but also in increasing use of barrier protection such as gloves, and so on. Also immunization and educational efforts should be made along with better designs of needles to reduce the risk of NSI. Continuing prevention and training programs for NSI are needed in order to avoid unwanted infection.
Busan ; Catheters ; Dronabinol ; Education ; Emergencies ; Hand ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Immunization ; Needles ; Needlestick Injuries* ; Phlebotomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

To analyze the changes of range of motion and manifestation frequency of impingement sign according to ages in shoulder impingement syndrome after excluding complete rotator tears by MRI, the authors reviewed 74 patients whose impingement injection tests to the subacromial space were positive in the Dankook university hospital. We used paired student t-test for comparison with the contralateral shoulder. l. Average forward elevation, abduction, external rotation and internal rotation of the shoulders were not significantly different in stage I and II, but significantly different statistically in stage II over 40 years old. 2. Average external rotation at 90degrees abductions of the shoulders was not significantly different statistically in stage I, II and stage II over 40 years old. 3. Frequencies of the painful arc were 83% in stage I, 71% in stage II and 58 % in stage II over 40 years old. Physical examinations of painful arc in 1 case of stage II, 7 cases of stage II over 40 years old were impossible because of limitation of motion. 4. Frequencies of lateral impingement sign were 100% in stage I, 86% in stage II, 100% in stage II over 40 years old. Frequencies of Neer's impingement sign were 75% in stage I, 67% in stage II, 88% in stage II over 40 years old. Frequencies of Hawkins impingement sign were 67% in stage I, 62% in stage II and 82% in stage over 40 years old. Except external rotation at 90degrees abduction, range of motion of the shoulder may be decreased in impingement syndrome over 40 years old. Because of difference of frequencies, more than two impingement signs should be tested for the diagnosis of shoulder impingement syndrome.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Physical Examination ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome* ; Shoulder Joint ; Shoulder*

Kyphosis and scoliosis develops from various causes, Tuberculosis is the main cause of kyphosis and spinal deformity in Korea. Such spinal deformities are frequently accompanied by cardiac and respiratory changes. In 1969, Westgate and Moe reported that, when a kyphoscoliotic patient dies, he dies because of cardio-respiratory failure and not because of skeletal abnormality, and, in 1968, Nilsonne and Lundgren reported that the mortality in patients with severe spinal deformity was twice as high as in normal persons, and that heart or lung disease was the main cause of death. One must consider the cardiopulmonary status when treating patients with severe spinal deformities. While there are numerous reports on pulmonary dysfunction due to scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis, studies on pulmonary function of patients with tuberculous kyphosis are surprisingly few. The authors investigated the correlation of the degrees of curvature and pulmonary function on 17 cases of adults with tuberculous kyphosis and compared the results with those of the children reported in 1972 by Moon and Lee. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The over-all mean degree of kyphosis was 92.6 (Salters angle). Vital capacity was 63.1% and maximum breathing capacity 61.7% of the predicted normal value. 2. Vital capacity showed a negative correlation with the degree of kyphotic curvature; i. e. the greater the spinal curvature, the less the vital capacity and vice versa, R=0.45, P=<0.1, but there was no correlation between maximum breathing capacity and the degree of curvature. 3. Vital capacity showed a relatively significant positive correlation with maximum breathing capacity as kyphosis increased. 4. The over-all mean tidal volume increased 9.3% of the normal predicted value. 5. When comparing with the pulmonary function of the children with same level and same degree of kyphosis, the adults had significant decrease in vital capacity and maximum breathing capacity, but had increased tidal volume. Such disparity was more prominent in the thoracic spine than in the lumbar spine and when the kyphotic curvature was greater than when less. 6. Timed vital capacity was within normal limits in spite of kyphotic changes of the spine.
Adult ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Heart ; Humans ; Korea ; Kyphosis ; Lung Diseases ; Moon ; Mortality ; Reference Values ; Respiration ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Curvatures ; Spine ; Tidal Volume ; Tuberculosis ; Vital Capacity

Fifty seven consecutive trochanteric hip fracture treated with Smith-Petersen nail and Thornton plate who were treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Marys Hospital Catholic Medical College, during the period of January 1969 to September 1975 were reviewed. This covered a period of six years and nine months. Of the fifty seven cases treated with this method, only thirty four cases were able to be analysed completely. Of these thirty four cases, in two cases the nail penetrated to the hip joint, four cases showed a loosening bolt of the S-P nail, one case involved a delayed union and three cases resulted in malunion, showing a total failure rate of 29.4%. In addition, four cases of intertrochanteric hip fractures of children were reviewed. 1) The sex ratio was 2.1:1 (male to female). Those in their fifth decade showed the highest incidence at 26.3%, next came those in their third decade. 2) The most common cause of the trochanteric hip fractures was traffic accidents (57.9%), other cause were slipping or falling down, direct trauma and pathological fractures. 3) The ratio of left trochanteric hip fractures to right was 7:6. 4) In the group which received external immobilization with Buck's extension skin traction and delayed weight bearing method, the results were better than that group to which external immobilization was not applied and early weight bearing was allowed. 5) The group which received the external immobilization and delayed weight bearing method showed a total failure rate of 21.8% 6) The group to which external immobilization was not applied and early weight bearing was allowed a total failure rate of 64%.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Traction ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Glutamic Acid* ; Glycine* ; Rats*