OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the current status and new trends in gynelcological pelviscopy in Korea. METHODS: A survey was conducted and analyzed based on 20997 cases of operative pelviscopy hom May, 1985 to February, 1998 reported from twenty four university hospitals in Korea. RESULTS: The results obtained were ss followings; 1) 45.9 % of the total cases was 30 to 39 years old age group and it was the most dominant age group, 2) The previous operative history was found in 10.9% of the tota1 cases and included cesarean section(30.0%), ectopic pregnancy(20.3%), etc. 3) The operative indications were diagnostic(26.2%), myoma uteri(23.1%), ectopic pregnancy(21.4%), adnexal mass(18.4%), etc. In cases of diagnostic indication, the most common post-operative diagnosis of pelviscopic surgery was tubal pregnancy(30,6%). 4) The operative titles were salpingectomy(25.1%), hysterectomy(19.9%), salpinghorectomy(19.8%), etc. 5) The complications of operative pelviscopy were composed of subcutaneous emphysema(0.58%), preperitoneal bleeding(0.3%), bladder injury(0,3%), bowel injury(0.3%), etc. 6) lhe survey showed that 57.1% of the respondents desired more than 1 year of period for well peration between the operator and the assistant. 56.7% of respondents indicated that the surgical technique of the operator was the most important factor for a successful pelvisocopic surgery. 7) The most beneficial effect of the pelviscopy included the comfortableness of the patient(40.0%), cosmetic effect(22.8%), decrease of complications(14.2%), etc. CONCLUSION: The modem methods of operative pelviscopy have been successfully used in the treatment of gynecological disease. Today, pelviscopic surgery is being applied in almost all the cases of gynecological disease. Hence, the majority of pelviscopy techniques and pracedures being performed by surgeon must be taught in the controlled setting of a residency or a fellowship training program.
Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Korea* ; Modems ; Myoma ; Urinary Bladder

It is clear that creatine plays a reservoir of high energy phosphate bond as creatine phosphate and maintains ATP levels in skeletal muscle and nervous tissues. Creatine and creatine kinase activity are required to utilize creatine phosphate as high energy phosphate. The contents of creatine in testis of rats were determined by the method of Van Pilsum and compared with other organs for the study of the physiological role of creatine in testis. Creatine content of tests was 39.82+/-3.36 ug/g wet tissue compared with skeletal muscle, 52.92+/-10.25 ug/g wet tissue. It was relatively high compared with brain (15.45+/-6.49 ug/g wet tissue), heart (20.0+/-2.91 ug/g wet tissue), kidney (29.55+/-2.52 ug/g wet tissue) and liver (12.68+/-1.94 ug/g wet tissue). Creatinine content of testes (45.84+/-4.08 ug/g wet tissue) was very high, compared with skeletal muscle (24.14+/-7.73 ug/g wet tissue), heart .(23.71+/-4.73 ug/g wet tissue), brain (17.24+/-1.19 ug/g wet tissue), kidney (14.92+/-3.45 ug/g set tissue), and liver (9.59 +/-1.26 ug/g wet tissue). I suppose that creatine in testis of rats may be a part of potent system for generation of ATP from ADP hydrolyzing creatine phosphate.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Brain ; Creatine Kinase ; Creatine* ; Creatinine ; Heart ; Kidney ; Liver ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Phosphocreatine ; Rats* ; Testis

From January 1976 until December 1980 we treated 12 male and 6 female children between the ages of 1 month and 15 years for ureteropelvic obstruction. Diagnosis was based on excretory urography and retrograde pyelography. The male and female ratio was 2:1. The patient in this series were distributed from 1 month old to 15 years old. The obstruction was on the left side in 10 cases, on the right side in 5 and bilateral in 3. Of the patients 7 presented because of an abdominal mass and 6 because of flank pain. The pathologic lesion encountered at ureteropelvic obstruction, are intrinsic ureteropelvic obstruction in 16 aberrant blood vessel in 1 and fibrous band in 2. Dismembered pyeloplasty was done in 10 cases, and nephrectomy in 9 cases. Preliminary nephrostomy was done in 3 cases. And secondary nephrectomy in 1 case. Of the 10 repairs 9 were protected by nephrostomy drainage plus ureteral stent.
Adolescent ; Blood Vessels ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Stents ; Ureter ; Urography

No abstract available.
Breast Diseases* ; Breast*

OBJECTIVE: This study is proposed to examine the relationship between bone loss after hormone replacement therapy for one year and initial bone markers. METHODS: One hundred postmenopausal women were studied for one year. At first visit, measurements were made of bone mineral density(BMD) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, and of serum osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline. After hormone replacement therapy was done for one year, BMD was rechecked. RESULTS: Serum osteocalcin was correlated with the rate of bone change(r=0.150, 0.262) and urine deoxypyridinoline was weakly correlated(r=-0.003, 0.038). The changes of femoral BMD in women with higher concentration of osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline were significant different from those in women with normal concentration. At the lumbar spine, no significant differences were showed. In women with higher concentration of osteocalcin, the incidence of subjects with increased spine BMD was increased up to around 71.1%, which showed not significant increase compared with normal concentration of osteocalcin. And the incidence of increased spine BMD in women with higher concentration of osteocalcin was marked increased compared with the incidence of normal concentration. The level of the osteocalcin with increased spine BMD was 11.5+/-6.6 ng/ml, and the level with decreased spine BMD was 9.2+/-4.7 ng/ml, respectively. And the level of the deoxypyridinoline was 7.2+/-4.2 pmol/ mol cr in women with increased spine BMD and 7.2+/-2.7 pmol/ mol cr in women with decreased spine BMD, which was not statistically different. The concentration of deoxypyridinoline with increased and decreased in BMD in spine and femur was not statistically different. but the concentration of osteocalcin was 12.2 +/-5.5 ng/ml in significantly increased in BMD and 8.5 +/-4.5ng/ml in significantly decreased in BMD, which was showed significant different. CONCLUSION: Present study indicates that the serum osteocalcin more reflcets bone turnover changes at the menopause than deoxypyridinoline, however, the clinical utility of measurements of osteocalcin only to response to therapy is uncertain.
Bone Density* ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Hormone Replacement Therapy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Menopause ; Osteocalcin ; Spine

No abstract available.
Encephalitis* ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Sweet Syndrome*

Involvement of both testes in disseminated malignant lymphoma is unusual case. Lymphoma of the testis is the most common testicular tumor in patients more than 50 years old. Including all age groups lymphoma of the testis is the most common simultaneous bilateral testis. Although the natural history of lymphoma of the testis is variable, 90 percent of the patients die of generalized lymphoma within 2 years. This report concerns a case of the bilateral involvement of both testes by malignant lymphoma.
Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Middle Aged ; Natural History ; Testis*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to analyse sleep habits and sleep disorders in the elderly population ased 65-84 years. METHODS: Epidemiological survey was performed at home by means of semistructured interviews in the city of Pusan, Korea. Subjects were randomly selected. The questionnaire consisted of 128 items including demographic findings, sleep habits, sleep disorders, somatic illnesses, and psychological distresses. RESULTS: (1) The mean retiring time was 10.28 h (SD1.30 h) and the mean wake-up time was 5.24 h (SD 1.33 h). The mean duration of sleep was 5.63 h (SD 1.80 h ). The subjects reported they woke up an average of 2.05 (SD 1.59) times per night. All of the above results were not related to age or gender. However, the mean frequency of difficulty in initiating/maintaining sleep was 2.2 times for men and 3.2 times for women (p<0.05). (2) The prevalence of insomnia was 57.7% and was not related to age or gender. Difficulty in initiating sleep was the most commonly reported insomnia complaint(52.4%). Early morning awakening was reported by 50.0% of patients and difficulty in maintaining sleep was reported by 45.1% of them. Worrying in bed and physical pain were strong contributing factor to insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed several characteristics of sleep habits in the elderly. Sleep disorder in old age is not inevitable or trivial. Since sleep disturbance in older adults is common and distressing, it has implications for general health and well-being. Active concern and therapeutic intervention for the sleep habits and sleep disorders in the elderly are needed.
Adult ; Aged* ; Busan* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sleep Wake Disorders* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Following the acute diarrhea in patients (n = 24) overnight with commonly used laxatives for bowel preparation, the changes in electrolytes and acid-base balance in blood and urine were investigated. Though no alterations of serum sodium or potassium concentrations were noted, mild but significant reduction of mean values (+/- SEM) of plasma pH and HCO3 after diarrhea when compared to those before it developed (pH, from 7.42 +/- 0.01 to 7.39 +/- 0.01, p<0.01; HCO3, from 25.8 +/- 0.6 to 23.7 +/- 0.6 mEq/L, p<0.05). However, significant reduction of concentration in spot urine sodium from 150 +/- 12.3 to 93 +/- 14 mEq/g of crea. (p<0.01) and increase in spot urine potassium from 33 +/- 3.2 to 51 +/- 6.0 mEq/g of crea. (p<0.05) following diarrhea were seen with significant reduction of urine pH from 6.67 +/- 0.21 to 5.5 +/- 0.13 (p<0.001). Also, with this effective urinary acidification following diarrhea, a significant reduction of urinary anion gap as well as significant increment of spot urine ammonium was accompanied (anion gap, from 80.4 +/- 11.1 to 44 +/- 8.5 mEq/g of crea. p<0.001; ammonium, from 87 +/- 18.5 to 229 +/- 37 mg/g of crea. p<0.001) in addition to the significant inverse correlation between these changes in spot urine from basal levels in 24 study subjects (y = -1.13 x +61, r = 0.7, p<0.001). In conclusion, we observed that the acute diarrhea with laxatives used for bowel preparation caused a mild degree of metabolic acidosis with no changes in blood electrolytes.
Acid-Base Equilibrium/*drug effects ; Acute Disease ; Cathartics/pharmacology ; Diarrhea/*metabolism ; Electrolytes/*metabolism ; Human ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

No abstract available.
Vibration*