Phase-partitioning with Triton X-114 (TX114) was applied to the TSP antigen, which may be preferentially associated with the cell wall of M. tuberculosis. The hydrophilic protein components of the TSP antigen were successfully separated from integral hydrophobic macromolecules. To further characterize and examine the cellular immune response of the aqueous fraction of the TSP antigen (TSPa), the in vitro properties of the antigen were measured by lymphoproliferation; surface expression of IL-2 Ra on T lymphocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry; and the cytokine mRNA expression pattern was determined by RT-PCR. Significant lymphoproliferative responses to the TSPa antigen were observed in healthy tuberculin reactive donors after a 5 day in vitro stimulation. TSPa treatment of PBMCs from healthy tuberculin positive subjects for 5 days resulted in progressive augmentation of IFN-r, II 2, and IL-2Ra mRNA expression, as measured by RT-PCR, but considerably reduced IL-4 mRNA expression. In addition, the TSPa antigen stimulated more IL-12 p40 mRNA production than did the PPD antigen, and graduaBy suppressed IL- 10 mRNA expression. Moreover, the CD3' T cells of tuberculin positive subjects displayed a profound increase in their expression of the II 2Ru protein (39.0%) in response to the TSPa antigen. Proliferation was correlated with IL-2 and IL-2Ra mRNAs, but not correlated with distinct IFN-r or IL-12 p40 mRNA production. These findings strongly suggest that the TSPa antigen preferentially evokes the generation of a Thl-like immune response in healthy tuberculin reactors.
Cell Wall ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans* ; Immunity, Cellular* ; Interleukin-12 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Neptune ; RNA, Messenger ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tissue Donors ; Tuberculin ; Tuberculosis

Villous tumor of the duodenum are rare, only 89 cases having been reported and reviewed in several recent publication. Malignancy is discovered in approximately 30-45% leading to the recommandation that all such tumors be excised regardless of the endoscopic findings. Two cases of villous tumor of the duodenum were reported and locally excised. The pathologic specimens showed carcinoma in situ, no evidence of hematogenous and lymphatic metastasis.
Carcinoma in Situ ; Duodenum* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Publications

Primary pulmonary diffuse alveolar amyloidosis is a rare form among the pulmonary amyloidosis. Especially in primary form diffuse alveolar type is much more rare disease. the patient was checked simple chest X-ray for the purpose of routine screening test, he had no respiratory symptoms and signs and he had no complaint of other organ symptoms, while in chest roentgenogram it was found bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltration of the lung, but any other organs which commonly involved in amyloidosis were not involved in laboratory and other specific diagnostic procedures. We report a case of pulmonry diffuse alveolar amyloidosis only localized in lung which was confirmed by transbronchial lung biopsy.
Amyloidosis* ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Lung* ; Mass Screening ; Rare Diseases ; Thorax

Identification of prognostic factors and risk-based post-remission therapy was proposed to improve the outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and a mutation of FLT3 has been reported to be a risk factor, especially for pediatric patients. Recently, FLT3 expression level was implicated to have prognostic significance in adults, but little is known for childhood AML. To define the prognostic significance, transcript level of FLT3 was analyzed in 52 pediatric AML patients. The median copy number of FLT3 was 4.6x10(3) (40-5.9x10(7) copies)/1.0x10(6) GAPDH copy, and the relapse free survival of patients with high transcript level of FLT3 (>10(6) copy number) (0%) was significantly lower than that of the others (53.2%). High transcript level of FLT3 was associated with a markedly high risk of relapse. The development of new therapeutic scheme such as a frontline allogeneic stem cell transplantation or administration of FLT3 inhibitor is needed to improve outcomes.

Paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome is a group of assorted disorders resulting from damage to the nervous system in cancer, remote from primary site, and not related to metastasis, infection, or metabolic disorder associated with cancer. Patient with small cell lung cancer sometimes shows various neurological syndromes, but patient with non-small cell lung cancer rarely shows neurologic syndromes and few antineuronal antibodies have been found. Here, we report a case of 53-year-old male patient who developed ptosis and extraocular muscular limitation of left eye due to third and forth cranial nerve palsy in non-small cell lung cancer without brain metastasis. These neurologic symptoms improved after lobectomy without any other treatment immunotherapy.
Antibodies ; Brain ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Cranial Nerves ; Eye ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nervous System ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Acute compartment syndrome is usually caused by local vascular and traumatic involvement. Thyroid disease is not a common cause of compartment syndrome and only two cases of spontaneous compartment syndrome associated with hypothyroid myopathy have been reported. Diabetic muscular infarction is a rare microvascular complication usually occured in type 1 diabetes patients under pjoor diabetic control and intramuscular volume expansion caused by muscle necrosis and increased tissue fluid can iduce compartment syndrome. We report a case of atypical bilateral anterior tibial compartment syndrome and foot drop in a 51-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes in hypothyroid state.
Compartment Syndromes* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Foot ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Infarction* ; Middle Aged ; Muscular Diseases ; Necrosis ; Thyroid Diseases

Primary intraventricular oligodendroglioma is uncommon and radiological calcification at that location is quite rare. We are reporting a case of huge primary calcified intraventricular oligodendroglioma in the trigone and occipital horn of the left lateral ventricle totally removed through a left parieto-occipital transcortical approach. The clinical, radiological and surgical details of the case are presented with review of literature.
Animals ; Horns ; Lateral Ventricles ; Oligodendroglioma

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the posttreatment response to chloroquine among 81 patients with vivax malaria who were residents in Northern area of Kyunggi province in 1996. The result of chloroquine therapy was followed 28 days after treatment. Material and METHODS: Diagnosis of malaria was made by microscopic examination of Giemsa stain of peripheral blood. Parasitemia levels from each patient were counted before treatment, 3, 14 and 28 days after treatment. RESULTS: Eight-one patients successfully completed the therapy. All patients were army soldiers, who were residing in northern area of Kyunggi province. The 14-day cumulative incidence of therapeutic failure for P. vivax was 2.5% (n=2) and 0% (n=81) at 28th day. One patient had a recurrence eight months after completion of antimalarial treatment. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that recent resurgent malaria in Korea need more careful therapy. Antimalarial treatment should not be completed without microscopic confirmation.
Azure Stains ; Chloroquine ; Diagnosis ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Malaria ; Malaria, Vivax* ; Military Personnel ; Parasitemia ; Plasmodium vivax ; Primaquine ; Recurrence

The purpose of this study was comparing the effectiveness in the topical applications of cyclosporine with that of steroid, the conventional and standard drug in the treatment of oral lichen planus. 21 patients with oral lichen planus were treated with cyclosporine (n=11) or steroid (n=10) by random allocations. They were recalled 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after initial treatments. In each recall, the lesion size, clinical symptoms like pain or burning sensation, and side effects were evaluated. The differences of these measurements were compared and the effects of each drug were checked. In reticulation types, steroid showed higher effectivity than cyclosporine and this difference was significant statistically. But in erythema type lesions, either drug showed no significant recovery, statistically. However, the effect of cyclosporine was thought to be more effective. The pain of the lesions was significantly decreased by cyclosporine but not by steroid. The decrease of burning sensation was more dependant upon steroid than cyclosporine, but no statistical relationship could be found. There were no clinical side effects. There was limitation to draw in conclusion due to small pool of this study group. But with the results, this suggestion could be proposed that either drug might be superior to another in effectivity in a specific lesion type or patient symptom, so selection and usage of one drug in a specific case could be better than universal application of one drug in all cases.
Burns ; Cyclosporine* ; Erythema ; Humans ; Lichen Planus, Oral* ; Sensation

Spontaneous epidural hematoma in the spinal canal is an uncommon entity and has usually caused progressive neurological deficits and surgical decompression should be required. A 27-year old patient suffered from acutely developed back pain, associated with a wrenching movement of the back. Several hours later, the symptoms were exaggerated with severely radiating pain to the posterior thigh and calf. The diagnosis was made on CT scan. The patient's clinical manifestations improved completely over a few days with surgical intervention. We reviewed the literatures and discussed the etiological factors of spinal epidural hematoma and the utility of CT scan in differentiating other cause of back pain.
Adult ; Back Pain ; Decompression, Surgical ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma* ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal ; Humans ; Spinal Canal ; Thigh ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed