Neonatal infective endocarditis is fatal and rare disease but recently there is a trend of an increase in incidence even without congenital heart disease when there are high risk as prematurity, central vein catheterization and neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Symchych reported that in about 3% of autopsy cases of an year, the findings of infective endocarditis were noted. In Korea, there was a case report but it was case of a premature infant who had umbilical vein catheterization and respiratory ventilator treatment. We experienced a case of neonatal infective endocarditis in a female infant who was delivered at 34 weeks gestational age without receiving central vein catheterization or neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Although she received intensive antibiotic therapy for staphylococcus cultured in blood, she died necessarily. We reported a case of neonatal infective endocarditis without cardiac anomaly with brief review of related literature.
Autopsy ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Endocarditis* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Korea ; Rare Diseases ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Umbilical Veins ; Veins ; Ventilators, Mechanical

No abstract available.
Animals ; Antibody Formation* ; Cattle ; Enzootic Bovine Leukosis* ; Giant Cells* ; Goats* ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine*

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis(OA) of the knee represents a common chronic disease, especially in the elderly, leading to functional impairment and disability. And OA patients have depressive symptoms frequently. Several factors contribute to the level of depressive symptoms. Authors tried to assess these factors and show effect of these factors to depressive symptoms. Through this study in the future physicians must consider psychiatric problems besides the pain itself in the treatment of OA patients. METHODS: Subjects included in this study were 64 knee joint OA patients. We obtained depressive symptoms from the CES-D(The Korean version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale), level of pain, stiffness, functional disability from KWOMAC(WOMAC Korean Version 2, The Korean version of Western Ontario and Macmaster Osteoarthritis Index Score) and other factors able to contribute to depressive symptoms. RESULT: We divided the patients into two groups using CES-D cut-off score of 21. Each group consists of 46(CES-D<21) and 18(CES-D> or =21) patients. Frequency of sleep disturbance and pain consistency and level of pain, stiffness and functional disability were different significantly between two groups(p<0.0l). Through the correlation analysis level of pain, stiffness and functional disability were associated with CES-D score significantly(p<0.0l). And through the stepwise multiple regression analysis we demonstratred that the CES-D score influenced by level of functional disability, BMI, disease duration and, pain but only level of functional disability and BML were statistically significant(p<0.0l). Level of functional disability explained 46% of CES-D score(partial R2=0.46) so influenced on depressive symptoms most effectively. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that functional disability was most important factors to explain depressive symptoms of knee joint OA patients.
Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Depression ; Humans ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Ontario ; Osteoarthritis*

Benign solitary schwannoma of the chest wall is a rare disease of nerve sheath origin A 43-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital for right upper quandrant pain Chest X-ray shows nonspecific finding, ultrasonography & CT scan revealed a solid tumor on the right lateral chest wall. On aspiration needle biopsy, this mass was turned out to be a schwannoma of the right lateral chest wall. This mass was excised surgically in an encapsulated state by right lateral thoracotomy. Histological section revealed a typical schwannoma, which is characterized by Antoni A and Antoni B tissues of high & low cellularity.
Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Female ; Humans ; Neurilemmoma* ; Rare Diseases ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thoracotomy ; Thorax* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

The effects of intravesical instillation of mitomycin-C(MMC) as inhibitor of development of experimental bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine(BBN) were morphologically studied. BBN was administered for 12 weeks orally and then MMC was instilled intravesically once a week with different concentration of 2 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml and doses of 4 and 8 times. There was a significant reduction in incidence if papilloma in group V which received MMC 2 mg/ml for 8 times and also there were significant reductions in incidence of carcinoma in all MMC treated groups except group III which received MMC 2 mg/ml for 4 times. These results indicate that intravesical instillation of MMC is an effective method to prevent bladder carcinogenesis. The ultrastructural effects of MMC were studied by transmission electron microscope. Partial nucleolar fragmentation and decrease in number and height of the surface microvilli of tumor cells resulting in overall increase in intercellular space and cellular detachment from the tumor surface might have played a role in reduction of cancerincidence.
Administration, Intravesical ; Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Extracellular Space ; Incidence ; Microvilli ; Mitomycin* ; Papilloma ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

The effects of intravesical instillation of mitomycin-C(MMC) as inhibitor of development of experimental bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine(BBN) were morphologically studied. BBN was administered for 12 weeks orally and then MMC was instilled intravesically once a week with different concentration of 2 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml and doses of 4 and 8 times. There was a significant reduction in incidence if papilloma in group V which received MMC 2 mg/ml for 8 times and also there were significant reductions in incidence of carcinoma in all MMC treated groups except group III which received MMC 2 mg/ml for 4 times. These results indicate that intravesical instillation of MMC is an effective method to prevent bladder carcinogenesis. The ultrastructural effects of MMC were studied by transmission electron microscope. Partial nucleolar fragmentation and decrease in number and height of the surface microvilli of tumor cells resulting in overall increase in intercellular space and cellular detachment from the tumor surface might have played a role in reduction of cancerincidence.
Administration, Intravesical ; Animals ; Carcinogenesis ; Extracellular Space ; Incidence ; Microvilli ; Mitomycin* ; Papilloma ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

52 patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder during the period from January 1977 to July 982 were reviewed. Among them, 27 patients were treated with bleomycin instillation after TUR of open resection and coagulation (A group) Another 25 patients were not treat with bleomycin instillations as control group (B group) And the following results were obtained. 1. The age distribution histological grade, operation methods and follow up period of the above two group were almost same. 2. The recurrence rate in 3 month was 15 % in A group and 24 % in B group and in 6 month 34 % in A group and 48% in B group. But in 18 months, the recurrence rate was same in two groups as 56%.
Age Distribution ; Bleomycin* ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Twins, Conjoined*

OBJECTIVES: This study attempts to show how studies using non-experimental data can strengthen causal inferences by applying propensity score and instrumental variable methods based on the counterfactual framework. For illustrative purposes, we examine the effect of having private health insurance on the probability of experiencing at least one hospital admission in the previous year. METHODS: Using data from the 4th wave of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study, we compared the results obtained using propensity score and instrumental variable methods with those from conventional logistic and linear regression models, respectively. RESULTS: While conventional multiple regression analyses fail to identify the effect, the results estimated using propensity score and instrumental variable methods suggest that having private health insurance has positive and statistically significant effects on hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that propensity score and instrumental variable methods provide potentially useful alternatives to conventional regression approaches in making causal inferences using non-experimental data.
Adult ; *Data Interpretation, Statistical ; *Epidemiologic Methods ; Female ; Health Services Research/*methods ; Humans ; Insurance, Health/*statistics & numerical data ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Admission/*statistics & numerical data ; Regression Analysis ; Research Design ; Selection Bias

The clinician is posed a serious clinical dilemma when confronted with absence of testis during surgical management of impalpable testis. Herein we performed a comparative clinical study of palpable and impalpable undescended testis in 135 patients, 150 undescended testes during the period from January, 1979 to June, 1984. The results were as follows: 1. Among the 150 undescended testes, 47 cases(31.3%), were impalpable undescended testes on physical examination. 2. In 135 patients of undescended testis, number of patients below 2 year-old(considered as optimal age of orchiopexy) were 15(11.1%) patients and below 10 year-old were 75(55.6%) patients. There was no marked difference of age distribution in patients of palpable and impalpable undescended testis. 3. Associated anomalies were found in 16 (11.9%) patients of total 135 patients, and twice more commonly found in the patients of impalpable undescended testis than palpable undescended testis. 4. As surgical location of undescended testis, abdominal type and absence of testis were more common in impalpable undescended testis (10.6% and 8.7% of cases) than palpable undescended testis (1% and 0% of cases).
Age Distribution ; Child ; Cryptorchidism* ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Testis