The aim of this study was to compare wear resistance of resin denture teeth opposing various restorative materials. The wear resistance of conventional acrylic resin teeth (Trubyte Biotone) and three high-strength resin teeth(Bioform IPN, Endura, SR-Orthosit-PE) opposing different restorative materials (gold alloys, dental porcelain, composite resin) was compared. Wear tests were conducted with a sliding-induced wear testing apparatus which applied 100,000 strokes to the specimen in an mesio-distal direction under conditions of 100 stroke/min and constant loading of 1Kgf/tooth. Wear resistance of the resin denture teeth was evaluated by the following criteria : 1) wear depth, 2)weight loss, and 3) SEM observation. Results were as follows. 1. When opposed to gold alloys and composite resin, high-strength resin teeth showed superior wear resistance compared to acrylic resin teeth. But, in cases opposing dental porcelain, differences between the wear of the high-strength and acrylic resin teeth were not statistically significant (p<0.05). 2. When comparing wear resistance among high-strength resin teeth, opposing gold alloys, Endura was slightly more resistant and while in cases opposing dental porcelain, SR-Orthosit-PE was showed to be slightly resistant(p<0.05). 3. The wear of high-strength resin teeth was greater by 5 to 7 times when opposing porcelain and 2 to 3 times when opposing composite resin compared to gold alloys(p<0.05). 4. SEM observations of the wear surface showed that wear of resin teeth opposing gold alloys is a fatigue type of wear and wear of resin teeth opposing dental porcelain is fatigue and abrasion type of wear. Trubyte Biotone showed more severe fatigue type of wear than high-strength resin teeth. In conclusion, the use of dental porcelain should seriously be considered as restorative material in cases opposing resin denture teeth and improvement seems to be needed on resin teeth in the areas of wear resistance.
Dental Alloys ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentures* ; Fatigue ; Gold Alloys ; Stroke ; Tooth*

Although many studies on the cytotoxicity of the dental cast metal alloys and their components have been carried out, the results are rather conflicting because of the different type of cells used and the various experimental procedures taken. Recently, a number of scientists have claimed that it would be preferable to focus on the use of cells from relevant specific location of the human bodies. Consequently, the primary cultured oral keratinocyte derived from oral mucous along with nickel chloride and several of widely used dental cast base metal alloys(two-Ni-Cr alloys and one Co-Cr alloy)in domestic were selected for this study, from which 1) The amounts of released metal ions were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry, 2) The cytotoxicity of nickel chloride and dental cast base metal alloys was evaluated via MTT assay, and finally, 3) The amounts of released metal ions and the cytotoxicity of nickel chloride were correlated with the cytotoxicity of dental cast base metal alloys And, the results were summarized as follows ; 1. Nickel ion from Ni-Cr alloys and Cobalt ion from Co-Cr alloys resulted in maximum releasing rate during first 24 hours, followed by a decrease in releasing rate with time. Chromium ion were found to be minimal in all alloys. 2. In cytotoxic test, with 40muM, 80muM of nickel chloride, there were observed an increase in the relative cell number compared to control samples after 24 hours. With 160muM, there was found to be no difference in the relative cell number with control, except that 48 hour showed a increase in relative cell number. With 320muM, the relative cell number remained constant and decreased after 48 hours, and with 640muM, a continuing decrease in relative cell number was observed throughout test period. 3. The sensitivity of primary cultured oral epithelium to nickel was lower compared to the cells used in other studies. 4. CB-80 Soft and Regalloy showed no cytotoxicity to primary cultured oral epithelium and New crown resulted in a slight cytotoxicity. In conclusion, it was shown that the primary cultured oral keratinocytes could be applied successfully as testing cells in cytotoxicity test. Futhermore, the dental cast base metal alloys used in this study were found to be biocompatible.
Absorption ; Alloys* ; Cell Count ; Chromium ; Cobalt ; Crowns ; Epithelium ; Human Body ; Humans* ; Ions ; Keratinocytes* ; Nickel ; Spectrum Analysis

The principal cause of avulsion fracture of anterior superior iliac spine is sudden powerful contraction of sartorius muscle in strenuous sporting activities. The condition usually occurs in young people in whom the apophysis has still not firmly united to the ilium. We presented the three cases of avulsion fracture of anterior superior iliac spine which occurred during sprinting in Physical Fitness Test.
Ilium ; Physical Fitness ; Spine ; Sports

It appears that frequency of fractures of the aceta ulum is increasing with the number of automobiles on our roads and when they occur they seem to pose difficulties of management. Because, the anatomy of this region is complicated, making surgical approaches difficult. Second, the patients often have major associated injuries, making early operative treatment hazardous. Third, the fractures are often severly comminuted, leading many surgeons to beleave that operative reduction is impossible. Finally, and unfortunately, the fractures are often missed. The aim of treatment must be to restore the fractured acetabulum to its normal anatomy followed by early motion to promote healing and restore function. Undisplaced acetabular fractures have a good prosis with conservative treatment but patients with displaced fractures of the acetabulum not reduced by manipulation and traction should be considered candidates for open reduction. The author experienced 72 cases of acetabular fracture patients who were admitted to the department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Catholic Medical College and Center from January 1979 to August 1983. The results of 48 patients who were followed up over 6 months period were as follows; l. Among 72 cases(44 were male and 28 were female), the most common causes of acetabular fracture was pedestrian struck by car. 2. 56 were treated conservatively and 16 were treated surgically. The result were as follows; Excellent-15(31%), Good-23(48%), Fair-8(17%), Poor-2(4%). 3. 72 cases were classified by Letournel classification. The most common type was posterior wall fracture(14 cases), and second most was T-shaped fracture(13 cases). 4. If the grossly displaced fragments are present they should be reduced and fixed surgically if surgical approach can be done. 5. It is essential to understand the pathologic anatomy of the acetabulum in order to approach the acetabular fracture sefely and with maximum ease.
Acetabulum ; Automobiles ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Humans ; Male ; Surgeons ; Traction

In order to evaluate the effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) on the central and autonomic nervous system, the brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and the electrocardiographic R-R interval variability (CV(rr)) were measured in three groups of workers (11) working in TCE degreasing process, workers (4) exposed to lead and two groups of workers (12) not exposed to any kinds of neurotoxicants. Two components of the CVrr reflecting parasympathetic activity (C-CV(rsa)) and sympathetic and parasympathetic activities (CCV(mwsa)) were examined. The TCE workers were exposed to TCE at the level of less than 1 hour per week while the degreasing material was changed. There were no differences in the latencies of BAEPS and CV(rr) and the components of the CV(rr) between control and TCE and lead groups. However, two lead workers had the blood lead level of less than 60 g/dl recommended as present biological guideline by the Ministry of Labor, showed the delayed latencies of V5 and I-V in BAEP. This results suggested that intermittent TCE erposure didn't affect the auditory nervous pathway and the autonomic nervous system, however, lead exposure might affect the central nervous system at the level of less than 60 g/dl in blood lead.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Brain Stem* ; Brain* ; Central Nervous System ; Electrocardiography ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Trichloroethylene*

The aim of the spine fusion is to obtain the stability of the spine. Spinal fusion have been used for the treatment of tuberculosis and arrest of the progress of spinal deformity such as scoliosis. Nowadays the spine fusion is used often in conditions which present the instability; spondylosis, spondylolisthesis and the unstable postlaminectomy spine. Unilateral posterolateral fusion plus hemiposterior fusion were done only in the cases who had wide hemilaminectomy, while in rest of cases bilateral posterolateral fusion was indicated in this series. Fifty-two cases, treated with posterolateral lumber fusion during the period from June 1980 to Dec. 1985, were analysed clinically and radiologically and the following results were obtained. l. Among the 52 cases, 25 cases(48.1%) were male; and 27 cases(51.9%) were female; The youngest was 16 years of age and the oldest one was 63 years of age. Average age of the patient was 39.6 years. 2. Fifteen patients had spinal stenosis, 14 cases of spondylolisthesis, 11 cases of H.N.P., 6 cases of spondylolysis, 4 cases of tuberculous spondylitis and 2 cases of fracture-dislocation of lumbar spine. 3. As a method immobilization after operation, postoperatively hips spica cast was applied in 4 cases for 12 weeks, Norton-Brown back brace in 9 cases following 6 weeks of posloperative hip spica cast immobilization and Norton-Brown brace 39 cases following 2 weeks of postoperative bed rest. 4. In 41 cases bilateral posterolateral fusion was done, and in 11 cases unilateral posterolateral fusion plus hemiposterior fusion were done. The bony union was established within 4 months after bilateral posterolateral fusion in 37 cases and after unilateral posterolateral fusion in 9 cases. In 2 cases complete union was obtained within 6 months after fusion. 5. The union rate was 92.7% in bilateral posterolateral fusion and 90.9% in unilateral posterolateral fusion. There was no significant differences of the union rate between bilateral and unilateral fusion groups. Therefore, the unilateral posterolateral fusion is a suitable method in the treatment of mild spinal instability regardless of its causes. The procedure has benefits, such as short operation time, less blood loss, and less surgical burden to the patient.
Arthrodesis ; Bed Rest ; Braces ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Methods ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylitis ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis ; Spondylosis ; Tuberculosis

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive* ; Platelet Activation*

Adrenal cortical carcinoma is a rare disease both in adults and in children. Most of these tumors are functional, especially in children, producing endocrine syndromes such as virilization, Cushing syndrome, hyperaldosteronism or feminization. We experienced a case of adrenal cortical carcinoma in a 7yr old boy who showed features of virilization such as rapid growth rate, penile enlargement, and pubic hair. This case was diagnosed with typical hormonal findings and abdominal MRI and confirmed by pathologic findings. He was successfully treated by total left adrenalectomy and has been followed up without problem over eight months.
Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocortical Carcinoma* ; Adult ; Child ; Cushing Syndrome ; Feminization ; Hair ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Virilism

PURPOSE:Differential diagnosis of sexual precocity has been aided by new imaging techniques and endocrine evaluation. Sexual precocity, defined as the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys, was studied to evaluate the sex incidence and etiology of sexual precocity. METHODS:A total 95 children(87 girls and 8 boys) who were diagnosed with sexual precocity at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College from 1984 to 1996, were studied. All underwent standard anthropometric measures. They were assinged to diagnostic categories on the basis of clinical assessment, endocrine evaluation, radiologic imaging, and pelvic ultrasonography. RESULTS: 1) The most common cause of sexual precocity was premature thelarche, 50 cases(52.6%) of all children. 2) Central precocious puberty was noted in 7 girls and 3 boys(female to male ratio 2.3:1). The causes were not identified in 6 cases(85.7%) in girls, but the causes were not found in 1 cases(33.3%) in boys. The idiopathic central precocious puberty occurs at least two fold more frequently in girls than in boys. 3) Incomplete precocious puberty was noted in 29 girls and 5 boys(female to male ratio 5.8:1). In the causes of 29 girls with incomplete precocious puberty, congenital adrenal hyperplasia were found in 23 cases, autonomous functional ovarian cyst in 5 cases and McCune-Albright syndrome in 1 case. In the causes of 5 boys with incomplete precocious puberty, virilizing adrenal cortical tumor were found in 3 cases, congenital adrenal hyperplasia in 1 case, and hepatoblastoma in 1 case. CONCLUSION: Sexual precocity occurs at least ten fold more frequently in girls than in boys. Premature thelarche is the most common form of sexual precocity.
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Male ; Ovarian Cysts ; Puberty, Precocious ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandins biosysnthesis. Sunburn erythema is mainly mediated by prostaglandins. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare objectively the effectiveness of topical indomethacin with topical corticosteroid on the suppression of UVB erythema METHODS: Sixteen male medical students who had not exposed their back skin during the last year were included in this study. According to the individual´s MED, 1,2, and 3 MED of UVB were irradiated on each back in triplicate lines. Immediately after UVB irradiation, 2.5% indomethacin solution and 0.25% desoximethasone were applied to each row with one row left for control. 24 hours after the initial application the intensity of each erythema was measured by the naked eye and by colorimeter. RESULTS: The suppressive effectiveness of 2.5% indomethacin solution on UVB induced erythema was superior to that of 0.25% desoximethasone. The L* and a* value of colorimeter were significantly correlated to the differencies of UVB induced erythema among the experimental and control groups is a useful and rapid method to evaluate the UVB induced erythema, and can give a numerical expression to eye perception. CONCLUSION: Our data confirm that topical indomethacin has a stronger suggestive effect on UVB erythema than that of topical corticosteroid.. We suggest that the suppressive effect of indomethacin is mainly due to the inhibition of prostaglandins biosynthesis. The colorimeter CR-200(MINOLTA) is well correlated with the naked eye score and is a useful instrument for objective measurement of the degree of erythema.
Erythema* ; Humans ; Indomethacin* ; Male ; Methods ; Prostaglandins ; Skin ; Students, Medical ; Sunburn