Cubitus varus, which includes deformities of varus, hyperextension and internal rotation, is the most common complication of supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children. For correction of cubitus varus deformity, many operative methods have been reported but postoperative results are not always satifactory. For the purpose of detection of the reason of postoperative residual deformity, we reviewed AP roentgenography of 22 patients of cubitus varus deformity in the view point that change of longitudinal axis of forearm contribute the residual deformity. The results are summerized as follows: 1. Degree of cubitus varus deformity was more severe in the patients whose interval between the injured time and visiting hospital for cubitus varus was longer. 2. Average proximal radial shaft angle was 10.99degrees +/-3.48degrees in normal limb and 15.72degrees+/-4.03degrees in affected limb and average ulnar shaft angle was 7.86degrees+/-3.60degrees, 10.54degrees +/-4.02degrees (P<0.05), respectively which were all significant value statistically (P<0.05). Average distal radial shaft angle was 10.21degrees 2.37 in normal limb and 11.21degrees +/-1.51degrees in affected limb and statistically insignificant (P>0.05). 3. More severe cubitus varus deformity revealed more change of proximal radial shaft angle of attected limb compare to normal limb. Based on these results, we concluded that correction of the cubitus varus deformity should not be delayed in order to minimize the secondary change of longitudinal axis of foream bones and to obtain satisfacotry cosmetic outcome.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Extremities ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humerus ; Radiography ; Radius* ; Ulna*

No abstract available.
Tonsillectomy*

No abstract available.
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Cholesteatoma*

No abstract available.
Otitis Media* ; Otitis* ; Tympanoplasty*

Actinomycosis causes a chronic suppurative infection most commonly involving the cervico-facial region, thorax, and the abdomen. Thoracic infection results from an aspiration of contaminated material from mouth or oropharynx. Actinomyces was known to have a predilection for the periphery of the lung and the endobronchial lesion is extremely rare. We report two cases of actinomycosis presenting as an endobronchial mass which arose in 53-year-old and 44-year-old women. The first case presented with cough, sputum, weight loss and had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis 24 years ago. Chest CT revealed a right lobe collapse simulating mass and suggested carcinoma. The second case presented with hemoptysis for 2 years. Chest CT revealed cystic bronchiectasis of both lungs and intracystic soft tissue mass in the anterior segment of the right upper lobe which suggested aspergilloma. The gross features of them were similar to those of aspergilloma. Characteristic sulphur granules consisting of a granular basophilic center surrounded by a radiating zone of eosinophilic, hyaline, club-shaped projection were histologically confirmed in both cases. Granulomas containing P. westermani eggs were present in the second case. Staphylococcus, true fungal organism, nocardia, and streptomyces shoud be distinguished by analysing their morphologic characteristics in the appropriate stains. Actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnoses of an endobronchial mass.
Abdomen ; Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis* ; Adult ; Basophils ; Bronchiectasis ; Coloring Agents ; Cough ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eggs ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Granuloma ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Nocardia ; Oropharynx ; Ovum ; Sputum ; Staphylococcus ; Streptomyces ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Weight Loss

This report presents the use of various surgical treatment modalities in patients who were diagnosed as having thyroid ophthalmopathy. The records of 53 patients who received surgery because of thyroid ophthalmopathy at the Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine between Sept. 1996 and Jan. 2000 were retrospectively evaluated. Among the 53 patients, there were 30 females and 23 males. The mean ages of the patients were 40.8 +/- 17.1 years. Orbital wall decompression (52.8%) was the most frequently performed surgery followed by lid surgery (49.1%) and strabismus surgery (26.4%). Only one type of surgery was performed on 86.8% of the patients while 13.2% received more than one type of surgery. Among the many different types of surgeries possible in patients that have thyroid ophthalmopathy, orbital wall decompression, lid surgery, and strabismus surgery are the most commonly used surgical methods for treatment.
Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; Eyelids/surgery ; Female ; Graves' Disease/*surgery ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; *Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Orbit/surgery ; Strabismus/surgery

PURPOSE: Following planned posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (PCCC) during cataract surgery in adults, we evaluated the clinical effects of visual acuity and prevention of posterior capsule opacity. METHODS: The clinical results were studied retrospectively by comparing 43 eyes of 43 patients who underwent cataract surgery with PCCC (the experimental group) and 46 eyes of 31 patients who underwent cataract surgery without PCCC (the control group). Preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) of patients were measured. BCVA (using log MAR) and the occurrence of posterior capsule opacity were closely monitored in both groups preoperatively, two months postoperatively, and at each group's final visit (14.6 months postoperatively for the experimental group and 15.7 months for the control group). One-piece plate intraocular lens was used in cataract surgery. RESULTS: Preoperative BCVA was lower in the control group but not significantly. The 2-month mean postoperative BCVA showed improvement in vision in both the control and experimental groups. In both groups, the BCVA was decreased at the final examination compared with the 2-month postoperative BCVA, and significant differences between the two groups were not observed. Under slit lamp examination, anterior hyaloid opacity was observed in 13 of 43 eyes that underwent PCCC. The decrease in BCVA in 13 eyes with anterior hyaloid opacity was significantly different (p < 0.05) compared with the 2-month postoperative BCVA. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the effort and operation skills required for PCCC, the clinical benefits are negligible. Since cataract surgery with PCCC can cause reduced vision due to anterior hyaloid opacity, side effects should be disclosed before PCCC is performed.
Adult* ; Capsulorhexis* ; Cataract ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Retrospective Studies ; Slit Lamp ; Vision, Low ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To introduce a new surgical method of transscleral intraocular lens (IOL) fixation using a foldable, single-piece acrylic IOL with 4 loop haptics and to report the surgical results. METHODS: After a single-piece acrylic IOL with 4 loop haptics was injected into the anterior chamber and positioned on top of the iris diaphragm, a 10-0 Prolene STC-6 straight needle and a 27-gauge needle were used to string the prolene thread through the haptic openings from front to back fixating the IOL to the sclera, resulting in a transscleral "1 loop 4 points" fixation. Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients who had received transscleral fixation via this new technique were retrospectively reviewed. The best corrected vision acuity (BCVA) was measured after a postoperative period of at least 6 months. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were investigated. RESULTS: In 27 out of 28 eyes (96.4%), the postoperative BCVA was better than 0.5 (Snellen chart). The only complication found was 1 case of choroidal detachment (3.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The new transscleral "1 loop 4 points" fixation technique of a foldable, single-piece acrylic IOL in the absence of capsular support is an easy procedure and reduces surgical time and hastens visual rehabilitation due to excellent IOL positioning stability. Additionally, the technique described in the present study may be a safe procedure with minimal complications.
Anterior Chamber ; Choroid ; Diaphragm ; Eye ; Humans ; Iris ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Needles ; Operative Time ; Polypropylenes ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclera ; Vision, Ocular

PURPOSE: To introduce a new surgical method of transscleral intraocular lens (IOL) fixation using a foldable, single-piece acrylic IOL with 4 loop haptics and to report the surgical results. METHODS: After a single-piece acrylic IOL with 4 loop haptics was injected into the anterior chamber and positioned on top of the iris diaphragm, a 10-0 Prolene STC-6 straight needle and a 27-gauge needle were used to string the prolene thread through the haptic openings from front to back fixating the IOL to the sclera, resulting in a transscleral "1 loop 4 points" fixation. Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients who had received transscleral fixation via this new technique were retrospectively reviewed. The best corrected vision acuity (BCVA) was measured after a postoperative period of at least 6 months. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were investigated. RESULTS: In 27 out of 28 eyes (96.4%), the postoperative BCVA was better than 0.5 (Snellen chart). The only complication found was 1 case of choroidal detachment (3.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The new transscleral "1 loop 4 points" fixation technique of a foldable, single-piece acrylic IOL in the absence of capsular support is an easy procedure and reduces surgical time and hastens visual rehabilitation due to excellent IOL positioning stability. Additionally, the technique described in the present study may be a safe procedure with minimal complications.
Anterior Chamber ; Choroid ; Diaphragm ; Eye ; Humans ; Iris ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Needles ; Operative Time ; Polypropylenes ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Sclera ; Vision, Ocular

No abstract available.
Animals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Perilymph*