A case of prune belly syndrome, which was observed in a 3 month-old male, is presented. The congenital anomaly complex in which absence of abdominal muscle is associated with urinary tract abnormalities and abdominal testes has been well known. The literature is reviewed briefly.
Abdominal Muscles ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prune Belly Syndrome* ; Testis ; Urinary Tract

Retroperitoneal teratoma is a rare disease, which contains all three germ layers, and mostly occurs in childhood. A case of retroperitoneal teratoma in a 6-month old male infant in the left abdomen is presented. This huge rumor mass and left kidney were widely removed.
Abdomen ; Germ Layers ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Teratoma*

Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is a rare disease nowadays because of prenatal screening test and management. It shows progressive central nervous system manifestations affecting predominantly temporal and frontal lobes. Early diagnosis of HSV encephalitis is important since even with the early initiation of high-dose intravenous acyclovir therapy, it results in serious morbidity among survivors. A 14-day-old neonate with fever and poor oral intake was admitted via emergency department. The next day she had seizures and the brain was damaged with permanent sequelae despite of early administration of intravenous acyclovir on day 2 of admission. We report a serious case of HSV encephalitis diagnosed as type 2 HSV by polymerase chain reaction and culture of a newborn without proper prenatal screening test.
Acyclovir ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Encephalitis* ; Fever ; Frontal Lobe ; Herpes Simplex ; Herpesvirus 2, Human* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Rare Diseases ; Seizures ; Simplexvirus ; Survivors

PURPOSE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with impairments in frontal inhibitory function and the catecholaminergic system. ADHD is diagnosed in 3-5% of children. Children with ADHD seem develop various forms of urinary problems such as nocturnal enuresis, dysfunctional voiding, and diurnal incontinence. However, no data exist to confirm the presence of these problems in Korean children with ADHD. We investigated the clinical findings of voiding dysfunction in children with ADHD. METHODS: Between October 2009 and March 2011, a total of 63 children (33 with ADHD, 30 with an upper respiratory infection, as a control group) were enrolled. ADHD was diagnosed using the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM)-IV criteria. A comprehensive survey of voiding and defecation was administered. RESULTS: The patient group included 28 boys and 5 girls; the control group comprised 20 boys and 10 girls. The mean age was 9.09+/-2.8 years in the ADHD group and 8.58+/-3.1 years in the control group. Children with ADHD had a statistically significantly higher incidence of urgency (P=0.017), urge incontinence (P=0.033), and constipation (P=0.045). There was no significant difference in the incidence of straining, intermittency, holding maneuvers, or nocturnal enuresis. CONCLUSION: Children with ADHD in Korea have significantly higher rates of urgency, urge incontinence, and constipation than those without ADHD.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* ; Child* ; Constipation* ; Defecation ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Prevalence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge

PURPOSE: To investigate the biochemical change in serum and 24-hour urine after therapy with Urocitra(R) in patients affected by urolithiasis, who had hypocitraturia alone or associated with other metabolic disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eighteen patients with evidence of 1 or more stone attacks within the last 3 years participated in the present study. They were 78 men and 40 women (6 to 78 years old, with a mean age of 47.01 12.95 years). All of the patients received 15 to 20ml of Urocitra(R)-solution or 5 g of Urocitra(R)-C powder, three or four times daily for 3 months. Before treatment, 24-hour urine and venous blood samples were obtained, while patients were maintained on a random diet, and analyzed for various stone risk factors. After 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of treatment, samples were again obtained and analyzed in the same manner. Thereafter, we compared the biochemical values before and after treatment. RESULTS: In all three follow-up periods Urocitra(R) induced a significant increase in urinary citrate (p<0.001) level. Urinary potassium (p<0.001), pH (p<0.001) and total volume (p<0.05) also increased significantly after 1 and 3 months of therapy, as did urinary citrate excretion in patients with hypocitraturia and normocitraturia. Urocitra(R) did not alter calcium, sodium or phosphorus urinary excretion. There was no significant change of serum chemistry after administration. CONCLUSIONS: Urocitra(R) was effective in increasing urinary pH and citrate. Furthermore, it was relatively free of side effects, except for minor gastrointestinal distress. Thus, our study provides physiological and clinical validation for the use of Urocitra(R) in patients affected by urolithiasis, who have hypocitraturia alone or associated with another metabolic disorder.
Aged ; Calcium ; Chemistry ; Citric Acid ; Diet ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Risk Factors ; Sodium ; Urolithiasis*

Since Inoue et al introduced a specially designed balloon catheter for percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) in 1984, the Inoue balloon catheter has been a popular device for the management of mitral stenosis. During the procedure several fatal complications, such as cardiac tamponade, perforation of a cardiac chamber, atrial septal defect, thromboembolism, mitral regurgitation and death have all been reported in the literature. There have also been several international reports regarding deformities of the Inoue balloon, but few reports in Korea. We recently experienced a case of an inflation failure of the distal portion of the Inoue balloon during a percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty in a 34 year old female patient with a tight mitral stenosis. To the best of our knowledge, a similar deformity of an Inoue balloon has never been reported in Korea.
Adult ; Cardiac Tamponade ; Catheters ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Inflation, Economic* ; Korea ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Thromboembolism

PURPOSE: To assess the current status of endourology and laparoscopy in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the database directory of the Korean Urological Association, 83 urology training hospitals were identified. A detailed questionnaire was designed and sent by post and e-mail. The questionnaire included questions regarding the number of various endourological and laparoscopic procedures between 1998 and 2002. The questionnaires of those responding were analyzed. RESULTS: Responses were received from 45 hospitals (response rate 54.2%). 133 antegrade and 626 retrograde endourological procedures for urinary strictures were performed during the period of the study in 12 and 35 hospitals, respectively. 42 hospitals (93.3%) were performing shock wave lithotripsy for urinary stone disease. 29 hospitals (64.4%) reported having performed more than one laparoscopic procedure during the five years. The annual total numbers of laparoscopic procedures increased from 217 in 1998 to 725 in 2002. Simple laparoscopic nephrectomy was the most widely accepted procedure, and was being performed in 18 hospitals. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy, radical nephrectomy, diagnostic laparoscopy, laparoscopic renal cyst marsupialization, nephroureterectomy and donor nephrectomy were performed in more than 10 hospitals. However, the actual number of laparoscopic procedures was limited in most hospitals. More than 40 laparoscopic procedures per year were performed by only four hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: This survey revealed an increasing number of endourological and laparoscopic procedures. However, laparoscopy seems to be mainly a larger hospital-based technology in Korea. These results can be utilized as fundamental data for establishing future developmental requirements of endourology and laparoscopy in Korea.
Adrenalectomy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Electronic Mail ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Korea ; Laparoscopy* ; Lithotripsy ; Nephrectomy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Shock ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive ; Tissue Donors ; Urinary Calculi ; Urology*