This is a report of 2-cases of mandibular prognathism corrected by Intraoral oblique splitting osteotomy of mandibular rami. The Intraoral oblique splitting osteotomy is a modification of sagittal split osteotomy of ramus and it is documented by Yoshida, on 1985. By this method, authors obtained the following results. 1. The patients' esthetic, psychological and functional problems were dissolved by setback of mandibular prognathism. 2. The postoperative infection splitted bone segments fracture, paresthesia of the face and T.M.J. dysfunction were not appeared. 3. Postoperative intermaxillary fixation was maintained for 8 weeks. The patients could open their mouths in normal range after a week of intermaxillary fixation removal. 4. The soft tissue changes of lower lip and chin were about 1:1 to the hard tissue changes. 5. During intermaxillary fixation period and postoperative orthodontic treatment, slight relapse was observed. Now, the patients are under postoperative orthodontic treatment.
Chin ; Humans ; Lip ; Methods ; Mouth ; Osteotomy* ; Paresthesia ; Prognathism* ; Recurrence ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) is a primary cardiac muscular disease with high risk of sudden cardiac death. This study is performed to understand the clinical features of children with HCMP. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of the patients diagnosed at Seoul National University Children's Hospital between October 1985 and June 1996 was done. Excluded the patients who had been lost to followed up within 12 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: During follow-up (mean 56 months, range 1 month to 13 years), 3 of the 24 patients (male 15 and female 9, mean age at diagnosis 5.9 years, range 2 months-15 years) died suddenly and 1 died of persistent heart failure after cardiac resuscitation. Cumulative death rate for 56 months was 22.3%. Eighteen were treated with -blocker including 1 with additional amiodarone. Normal quality of life except competetive exercise were maintained in the 95% of the survivors. In this study, moderate to severe dyspnea on exertion (New York Heart Association III/IV) was the only significant risk factors of death (p<0.05). On the surface electrocardiogram, QTc interval was significantly longer in the study group comparing with the age and sex matched control group. Right ventricular outflow obstruction was associated in the 3 (12%) and was common in infants (33%). CONCLUSIONS: Overall mortality is high in children with HCMP. In our study. cumulative death rate for 56 months is 22.3%. Overt dyspnea on exertion was the only identifiable factor of mortality.
Amiodarone ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Child* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Infant ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Muscular Diseases ; Quality of Life ; Resuscitation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Survivors ; Ventricular Outflow Obstruction

PURPOSE: Although varicella outbreakes have frequently occured, the epidemiology of varicella in Korea has not well been delineated. Furthermore without enough investigation with regard to safety and efficacy of varicella vaccine in Korean population, the vaccine has begun to be used in healthy children. Therefore the authors analized the clinical features of patients diagnosed of varicella to aid in understanding the epidemiology of varicella in Korea, and also compared the difference depending on varicella vaccination status. METHODS: The study population consisted of 1154 otherwise healthy patients diagnosed of varicella by six private pediatricians (5 in Seoul and 1 in Incheon) from March 1994 to February 1996. The information pertaining to clinical features of varicella was obtained through questionnaires answered by pediatricians. RESULTS: 1) Among the total 1154 patients, sex ratio was 1.2:1 with male predominance. The average age was 4.1+/-2.5 years old with the range of 1 month to 15 years of age. One thousand and thirty patients (89.2%) were younger than 6 years old and 126 patients (10.9%) were younger than 1 year old. 2) Occurrence of varicella was reported every month during the study period and peak in June, July, and November to January. 3) Two hundreds and eight-four patients (24.6%) had a history of previous varicella vaccination. 4) Four hundreds and fifty-five patients (53.3%) had a history of exposure to patients with varicella and the mean incubation period was 13.7+/-4.1 days with no difference according to varicella vaccination status. 5) Prodromal symptoms were reported from 615 patients (53.3%) with temperature elevation being most frequent. Except for temperature elevation, occurrence of all other prodromal symptoms was not different between unvaccinated and vaccinated patients. 6) Duration of new rash development was 3.9+/-1.3 days with the range of 1 to 9 days and longer in unvaccinated patients (4.1+/-1.2 days) compared to vaccinated patients (3.1+/-1.1 days). Atypical rash was observed in 144 patients (12.5%) and more frequently among unvaccinated patients. 7) Sixty-eight patients suffered from complications which were skin infection (49), conjunctivitis (20), neurologic complication (1), and pneumonia (1), with no difference between unvaccinated and vaccinated patients. CONCLUSIONS: The current study is reporting, for the first time, the epidemiologic features of varicella in Korea. Bedsides, the result of the study, illustrating that 1/4 of the patients reported to have varicella were vaccinated with varicella vaccine, indicates the necessity of the investigation for the safety and efficacy of the vaccine in Korean population.
Chickenpox Vaccine ; Chickenpox* ; Child ; Conjunctivitis ; Epidemiology* ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Sex Ratio ; Skin ; Vaccination

Purpose: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a syndrome of physiological and/or psychological functioning experienced by female and male athletes that is caused by exposure to problematic low energy availability. For the prevention and intervention of REDs, awareness of REDs among sports physicians is important, but it is largely unknown. This study aimed to survey the awareness and clinical treatment experience of REDs in sports physicians. Methods: We conducted an online survey to assess awareness of the triad and REDs among sports physicians and members of The Korean Society of Sports Medicine. Results: A total of 69 members (62.2% male, including sports physicians) to this survey. Most participants (84.1%) were aware of the triad compared to fewer with awareness regarding REDs (23.2%). People who knew about the difference between REDs and triad was 33.3%, which was lower than those who did not (66.6%). Only 10.1% of the study subjects had experience treating REDs patients, and the biggest difficulty in treating patients was a lack of information and education (50.7%). It appeared that the most information about REDs was obtained from academic conferences (59.4%). Conclusion This survey found relatively low awareness of REDs among physicians treating athletes and sports professionals. Considering the various negative effects of REDs on athlete health and performance, education and promotion are needed to increase awareness among sports physicians and sports professionals.

Purpose: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a syndrome of physiological and/or psychological functioning experienced by female and male athletes that is caused by exposure to problematic low energy availability. For the prevention and intervention of REDs, awareness of REDs among sports physicians is important, but it is largely unknown. This study aimed to survey the awareness and clinical treatment experience of REDs in sports physicians. Methods: We conducted an online survey to assess awareness of the triad and REDs among sports physicians and members of The Korean Society of Sports Medicine. Results: A total of 69 members (62.2% male, including sports physicians) to this survey. Most participants (84.1%) were aware of the triad compared to fewer with awareness regarding REDs (23.2%). People who knew about the difference between REDs and triad was 33.3%, which was lower than those who did not (66.6%). Only 10.1% of the study subjects had experience treating REDs patients, and the biggest difficulty in treating patients was a lack of information and education (50.7%). It appeared that the most information about REDs was obtained from academic conferences (59.4%). Conclusion This survey found relatively low awareness of REDs among physicians treating athletes and sports professionals. Considering the various negative effects of REDs on athlete health and performance, education and promotion are needed to increase awareness among sports physicians and sports professionals.

Purpose: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a syndrome of physiological and/or psychological functioning experienced by female and male athletes that is caused by exposure to problematic low energy availability. For the prevention and intervention of REDs, awareness of REDs among sports physicians is important, but it is largely unknown. This study aimed to survey the awareness and clinical treatment experience of REDs in sports physicians. Methods: We conducted an online survey to assess awareness of the triad and REDs among sports physicians and members of The Korean Society of Sports Medicine. Results: A total of 69 members (62.2% male, including sports physicians) to this survey. Most participants (84.1%) were aware of the triad compared to fewer with awareness regarding REDs (23.2%). People who knew about the difference between REDs and triad was 33.3%, which was lower than those who did not (66.6%). Only 10.1% of the study subjects had experience treating REDs patients, and the biggest difficulty in treating patients was a lack of information and education (50.7%). It appeared that the most information about REDs was obtained from academic conferences (59.4%). Conclusion This survey found relatively low awareness of REDs among physicians treating athletes and sports professionals. Considering the various negative effects of REDs on athlete health and performance, education and promotion are needed to increase awareness among sports physicians and sports professionals.

Purpose: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a syndrome of physiological and/or psychological functioning experienced by female and male athletes that is caused by exposure to problematic low energy availability. For the prevention and intervention of REDs, awareness of REDs among sports physicians is important, but it is largely unknown. This study aimed to survey the awareness and clinical treatment experience of REDs in sports physicians. Methods: We conducted an online survey to assess awareness of the triad and REDs among sports physicians and members of The Korean Society of Sports Medicine. Results: A total of 69 members (62.2% male, including sports physicians) to this survey. Most participants (84.1%) were aware of the triad compared to fewer with awareness regarding REDs (23.2%). People who knew about the difference between REDs and triad was 33.3%, which was lower than those who did not (66.6%). Only 10.1% of the study subjects had experience treating REDs patients, and the biggest difficulty in treating patients was a lack of information and education (50.7%). It appeared that the most information about REDs was obtained from academic conferences (59.4%). Conclusion This survey found relatively low awareness of REDs among physicians treating athletes and sports professionals. Considering the various negative effects of REDs on athlete health and performance, education and promotion are needed to increase awareness among sports physicians and sports professionals.

Purpose: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a syndrome of physiological and/or psychological functioning experienced by female and male athletes that is caused by exposure to problematic low energy availability. For the prevention and intervention of REDs, awareness of REDs among sports physicians is important, but it is largely unknown. This study aimed to survey the awareness and clinical treatment experience of REDs in sports physicians. Methods: We conducted an online survey to assess awareness of the triad and REDs among sports physicians and members of The Korean Society of Sports Medicine. Results: A total of 69 members (62.2% male, including sports physicians) to this survey. Most participants (84.1%) were aware of the triad compared to fewer with awareness regarding REDs (23.2%). People who knew about the difference between REDs and triad was 33.3%, which was lower than those who did not (66.6%). Only 10.1% of the study subjects had experience treating REDs patients, and the biggest difficulty in treating patients was a lack of information and education (50.7%). It appeared that the most information about REDs was obtained from academic conferences (59.4%). Conclusion This survey found relatively low awareness of REDs among physicians treating athletes and sports professionals. Considering the various negative effects of REDs on athlete health and performance, education and promotion are needed to increase awareness among sports physicians and sports professionals.