No abstract available.
Checklist* ; Child ; Child Behavior* ; Child* ; Conduct Disorder* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Psychotherapy, Brief*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Local* ; Arthroscopy* ; Knee*

No abstract available.
Hydronephrosis*

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma*

BACKGROUND: There are different opinions on whether the percentage of dietary fat is associated with the development of obesity and on it's treatment . In this country, dietary fat intake has been smaller compared to the Western countries. The purpose of this study was to find whether intake of dietary fat is related to percentage body fat in obese adults cross sectionally. METHODS: Nutrient intake from 24 hour dietary recall and percent body fat from bioelectrical impedance method were measured in 51 obese adults. Total energy intake was associated with intake of dietary fat and body size. Thus, the association of intake of dietary fat and three types of fat with percentage body fat were examined after adjustment for total energy intake by using 4 statistical models (standard multivariate model, and nutrient residual model, energy partition model, and multivariate nutrient density model). RESULTS: In all of these models, the results for types of fat and total fat showed similar results. Higher intake of total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fat was associated with increased percentage body fat, while higher intake of monounsaturated fat was associated with decreased percentage body fat. CONCLUSION: We found positive association between dietary intake of fat and percentage body fat in obese adults. Our results suggest that reducing fat intake would be a helpful way to prevent and treat obesity in adults.
Adipose Tissue* ; Adult* ; Body Size ; Dietary Fats* ; Electric Impedance ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Obesity

Teramethylammonium(TMA) in one of the synthetic compounds of nicotine that act at ganglionic site. The major action of TMA consists of initial stimulation followed by a more persistent depression of all autonomic ganglia by binding to a cholinergic receptor. It is well believed that the level of membrane potential in arterial smooth muscle is an important regulator of tension development. Depolarization and hyperpolarization by only few millivolts results in significant changes in tension. In general, the agents of vascular smooth muscle induce vascular relaxaion. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of TMA on vascular contractility in the isolated rabbit thoracic aorta with or without endothelial cell, and mechanisms involved in the change of vascular contractility by TMA. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1) In the presence of endothelial cell, TMA induced a relaxtion of the aorta precontracted with norepinephrine but induced a contraction in the aorta without endothelial cells, indicating that in the rabbit aorta, relaxations produced by TMA were the endothelium-dependent. 2) The addition of inhibitor such as methylene blue, hemoglobin, hydroquinone and p-bromophenacyl bromide during the TMA-induced relaxation reversed the contractile tension to a level similar to or higher than that before the addition of TMA in rabbit thoracic aorta.This relaxation effect of TMA suggest that the TMA-inducdd relaxation in rabbit aorta is due to the release of endotheline derived relaxing factor(EDRF). 3) Relaxation induced by TMA was antagonized by atropine and thus the TMA does seem to act on the muscarinic receptors. 4) TMA reduced the norepinephrine-induced Ca++ influx into rabbit smooth muscle membrane. From the above results, it may be concluded that TMA-induced vacular relaxation in rabbit aorta is due to the release of EDRF. Mechanism involved in the relaxation induced by TMA may be the stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase and increased tissue cGMP concentrations.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Atropine ; Depression ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelins ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors* ; Ganglia, Autonomic ; Ganglion Cysts ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Membrane Potentials ; Membranes ; Methylene Blue ; Muscle, Smooth ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Nicotine ; Norepinephrine ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; Relaxation

PURPOSE: To help in the early diagnosis of postoperative infections in lumbar stenosis, attempts were made to evaluate a large number of patients having levels of ESR, CSR and CRP at fixed intervals, following an uncomplicated instrumented posterolateral fusion with wide decompression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 101 lumbar stenosis patients were included in this study. The levels of ESR, CSR and CRP were checked on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 7th, 10th and 14th postoperative days. These data were plotted in relation to time in order to follow their changes. The relationships between these and the perioperative factors (operation time, fusion levels, estimated bleeding amount and transfusion amount) were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: The ESR and CSR had peak levels by the 3rd postoperative day, which then became highly variable until 14 days. The CRP level was highest on the 2nd postoperative day, which decreased rapidly, was and reached nearly normalized levels by 14th day. The ESR and CSR values on the 7th postoperative day showed a tendency to correlate with the perioperative factors, but the CRP value showed no significant correlations. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed the effectiveness of CRP, and ineffectiveness of ESR and CSR, in the early detection of deep infections following surgery for wide lumbar stenosis.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Decompression* ; Early Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans

No abstract available.
Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.