No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography*

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow Examination* ; Bone Marrow*

Postoperative pain control is one of the main concern for the anesthesiologist. Intermittent narcotic injections caused inadequate pain relief in many patients. Periodic injections could improve analgesia with increased incidence of undesirable side effects including respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retenion. Balanced analgesia may lessen these complications without reducing analgesic effect. I assessed the effect of balanced analgesia using morphine, ketorolac and droperidol. Each 20 gynecological patients were allocated to one of four groups Morphine(initial bolus 2mg followed by 48mg continousi.v. for 2 days) or ketorolac(initial bolus 30mg, follwed by 120mg continousi.v. for 2 days) was continously injected in group 1 and group 2, respectively. In group 3, half doses of morphine and ketorolac in group 1, 2 was used in combinstion. 5mg of droperidol was added to group 3 drugs in group 4. There were no significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate in all groups. Onset time of analgesic effect was faster in morphine containing groups 1, and 4, and the effect was better in all three morphine containing group 1, 3 and 4 than ketorolac group 2. Untoward effects were least in ketorolac group 2. Droperidol could prevent nausea and vomiting, however led to increased incidence of somnolence. It could be concluded that balanced analgesia with morphine, ketorolac and droperidol with fine titration would be better than intravenous morphine or ketorolac alone.
Analgesia* ; Blood Pressure ; Droperidol* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ketorolac* ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Vomiting

Pleomorphic (undifferentated) carcinoma is a rare histologic type of carcinomas of the gallbladder and an atypical carcinoid is thought to be an intermediated type between carcinoid tumor and small cell carcinoma. Dense core "neurosecretory" granules can be found in the above mentioned tumors. We experienced a case of a double tumor of the gallbladder in a 51-year old male patient. Grossly, a large solid mass, about 5.0 cm in diameter, was found in the fundic portion and the neck portion also had a small 1.5 cm-sized polypoid mass. Microscopically, these lesions had features of pleomorphic carcinoma and atypical carcinoid, respectively. Immunohistochemically, they manifested reactivity for neuron specific enolase. Ultrastructural study revealed neurosecretory granules in the cytoplasms of tumor cells of the fundic and neck masses. Although light microscopic features of these tumor masses are quite different, we consider that these tumors represent a spectrum of neuroendocrine differentiation.
Male ; Humans

We report a case of bilateral bridges of atlas of a Korean atlas and accompanying variation of the course of the left suboccipital nerve that was observed during the practice of the human anatomy in Seonam university, college of medicine. Bridges of atlas across the groove for the vertebral artery run inferomedially from the posterior margins of the superior articular processes to the posterior margins of the grooves. Widths of the narrowest middle portions of the bridges are 5.05 mm at the left and 0.7 mm at the right. Superior and inferior widths of left bridge are 11.6 mm and 10.9 mm, and of the right are 4.45 mm and 4.65 mm respectively. Cross-sectional areas of the foramina formed by bridges of atlas are 34.7 mm 2 at the left and 29.3 mm 2 at the right. These sizes are much smaller than the sizes of the transverse foramina of the atlas at each side, but diameters of the second and third portions of the left vertebral artery are same as 4.3 mm. At the junction between the left bridge and the posterior arch distinct suture line was observed. Because of the relatively wide bridge, the left suboccipital nerve runs more laterally than the right. It turns to the posterior, pierces the obliquus capitis inferior muscle, and branches out to adjacent suboccipital muscles. Branch to the rectus capitis posterior muscles obliquely cross over the suboccipital triangle to these muscles.
Humans ; Muscles ; Sutures ; Vertebral Artery

No abstract available.
Free Tissue Flaps* ; Lower Extremity*

Acute mediastinitis and subsequent graft infection following aorta surgery poses a difficult problem, as infected synthetic material must be completely removed for resolution of infection. Here we report a case of successful management of acute mediastinitis following hemiarch replacement for acute aortic dissection with omental flap transfer leaving infected graft in situ.
Aorta ; Mediastinitis* ; Transplants

No Abstract Available.
Arthroplasty* ; Knee Joint* ; Knee*

No abstract available.
Suction* ; Tonsillectomy*

A previously healthy 3-year-old girl was admitted to the Department of Pediatrics in Severance Hospital with sudden symptoms of melena. The vital signs were stable, and splenomegaly was found in a physical examination. The patient had moderate thrombocytopenia. There was no evidence of autoimmune disease. A upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and esophagogram showed a varix on the lower esophagus. Coarse liver parenchymal echoes and increased periportal echogenicity were seen on a Doppler sonogram. The velocity of the portal vein mildly increased. Magnetic-resonance-cholangiopancreatogram (MRCP) demonstrated normal portal structures. A sono-guided liver biopsy was performed, but the pathological findings were unremarkable. Based on these findings, we diagnosed the patient with idiopathic portal hypertension. The patient was discharged and was treated with oral beta blocker. We report a case of idiopathic portal hypertension with a brief review of the literature.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy ; Child, Preschool* ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Esophagus ; Female* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal* ; Liver ; Melena ; Pediatrics ; Physical Examination ; Portal Vein ; Splenomegaly ; Thrombocytopenia ; Varicose Veins ; Vital Signs