No abstract available.
Rabbits ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Collagen* ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver*

This is to report a case of immediate reconstruction after hemimandibulectomy by using of bicorticocancellous block bone harvested from the iliac crest in the case of an ameloblastomaon the mandible. Because the lesion involved condylar area, it was reconstructed with titanium artificial condyle attached to A/O metal plate. Three weeks after the operation, infection developed with suppuration and was well treated with adequate antibiotic therapy and drainage. The patient has been followed up over a four-year period and taken an orthopantomogram every three or six month for the examination of mandibular movement, the potentiality of recurrence and the remodeling of the grafted bone. At present, the patient is satisfied with her appearence and has a normal occlusion with proper masticatory function, and there is no sign of recurrence.
Ameloblastoma* ; Drainage ; Humans ; Mandible ; Mandibular Osteotomy ; Recurrence ; Suppuration ; Titanium ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Amrinone is a nonglycosidic noncatecholamine with both vasodilator and positive inotropic effects that has not been evaluated widely in pediatric patients with intracardiac left to right shunts. The present study was performed to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of amrinone in infants and children with intracardiac left to right shunts. METHODS: Twenty patients (aged 2 months to 24 months) who underwent open heart surgery to correct one or more intracardiac left to right shunts were evaluated. Before cardiopulmonary bypass, a 22 gauge angiocatheter was placed at the main pulmonary artery by surgeons to measure pulmonary arterial pressure. Patients with a mean pulmonary arterial pressure < 25 mmHg were assigned to Group A (n = 10) and > or = 25 mmHg were assigned to Group B (n = 10). Mean systemic arterial pressure (MAP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), central venous pressure (CVP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before loading of amrinone (3 mg/kg), 5 minutes, and 15 minutes after continuous infusion of amrinone (10 microgram/kg). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure to mean systemic arterial pressure ratio (MPAP/MAP) and rates of changes of mean arterial pressure (delta MAP) and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (delta MPAP) were calculated. RESULTS: Amrinone reduced MAP, MPAP, CVP and increased HR. MPAP/MAP increased in Group A but decreased in Group B (P < 0.05). In Group A, delta MAP was significantly greater than that of Group B (P < 0.005). In Group B, delta MPAP was significantly greater than that of Group A (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: In infants with intracardiac left to right shunts, amrinone reduces MAP, MPAP, CVP and increases HR. Amrinone appears to have a potent vasodilating effect on the pulmonary artery in infants with pulmonary hypertension. However, more hemodynamic measurements such as cardiac output, vascular resistance and doppler echocardiographic study are necessary to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of amrinone precisely.
Amrinone* ; Arterial Pressure* ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Central Venous Pressure ; Child ; Echocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Infant* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Thoracic Surgery ; Vascular Resistance

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the osteogenic effects of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in rabbit calvarial defects with DDM and anorganic bovine bone (ABB) combined with rhBMP-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four round defects with 8-mm diameters were created in each rabbit calvaria. Each defect was treated with one of the following: 1) DDM, 2) ABB/rhBMP-2, or 3) DDM/rhBMP-2. The rhBMP-2 was combined with DDM and ABB according to a stepwise dry and dip lyophilizing protocol. Histological and microcomputed tomography (µCT) analyses were performed to measure the amount of bone formation and bone volume after 2- and 8-week healing intervals. RESULTS: Upon histological observation at two weeks, the DDM and ABB/rhBMP-2 groups showed osteoconductive bone formation, while the DDM/rhBMP-2 group showed osteoconductive and osteoinductive bone formation. New bone formation was higher in DDM/rhBMP-2, DDM and ABB decreasing order. The amounts of bone formation were very similar at two weeks; however, at eight weeks, the DDM/rhBMP-2 group showed a two-fold greater amount of bone formation compared to the DDM and ABB/rhBMP-2 groups. The µCT analysis showed markedly increased bone volume in the DDM/rhBMP-2 group at eight weeks compared with that of the DDM group. Notably, there was a slight decrease in bone volume in the ABB/rhBMP-2 group at eight weeks. There were no significant differences among the DDM, ABB/rhBMP-2, and DDM/rhBMP-2 groups at two or eight weeks. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, DDM appears to be a suitable carrier for rhBMP-2 in orthotopic sites.
Dentin* ; Humans* ; Osteogenesis ; Skull ; X-Ray Microtomography

BACKGROUND: Both remifentanil and sevoflurane are known for their rapid recovery characteristics, and the bispectral index (BIS) has been used as an indicator of the sedative state during anesthesia. Therefore, it is expected that if they are used together, the anesthetic-sparing effect of remifentanil and titration of the sevoflurane concentration using the BIS monitor will contribute to a faster recovery. This study examined the effect of a remifentanil infusion on the hemodynamics, the decrease in the sevoflurane concentration, and the recovery from BIS-guided sevoflurane anesthesia. METHODS: Thirty patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery were assigned to receive a remifentanil (0.1microng/kg/min)(Group I) or saline infusion (Group II) with sevoflurane. The sevoflurane concentration was adjusted to maintain a BIS value between 40 and 60. The mean arterial pressure, heart rate, BIS, and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration were recorded during anesthesia. The eye opening time and the incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting and shivering were checked. RESULTS: During anesthesia, the hemodynamics were more stable in Group I than in Group II with the reduced use of cardiovascular drugs. The BIS value was lower and the end tidal sevoflurane concentration was higher in group II than in group I. Group I had a shorter eye opening time and there was a similar incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting and shivering in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: A remifentanil infusion with BIS-guided sevoflurane anesthesia produces more stable hemodynamics, reduced sevoflurane concentration, and a more rapid recovery without side effects than in BIS-guided sevoflurane anesthesia alone.
Anesthesia* ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Shivering ; Vomiting

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low frequency (LF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with treatment resistant OCD were randomly assigned to 3 week either active (n=14) or sham (n=13) rTMS. The active rTMS parameters consisted of 1 Hz, 20-minute trains (1,200 pulses/day) at 100% of the resting motor threshold (MT). OCD symptoms, mood, and anxiety were assessed at baseline and every week throughout the treatment period. RESULTS: A repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate changes on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS). Our results revealed a significant reduction in YBOCS scores in the active group compared with the sham group after 3 weeks. Similarly, a repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant effect of time and time×group interaction on scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale. There were no reports of any serious adverse effects following the active and sham rTMS treatments. CONCLUSION: LF rTMS over the right DLPFC appeared to be superior to sham rTMS for relieving OCD symptoms and depression in patients with treatment-resistant OCD. Further trials with larger sample sizes should be conducted to confirm the present findings.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Humans ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* ; Prefrontal Cortex* ; Sample Size ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation*

BACKGROUND: Intimal hyperplasia due to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is a leading cause of late vascular graft failure. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), known to influence smooth muscle cell growth in vascular wall has been the subject of experimental research as a cause of this intimal hyperplasia. Under the assumption that TGF-beta1 has a major role as a cause of intimal hyperplasia, we carried out this study to see if there were any relationship between intimal hyperplasia and TGF-beta1 mRNA expression in vascular bypass graft. METHODS: 21 New Zealand white rabbits were used for this experiment. The right carotid arteries of the 21 rabbits had been bypass grafted with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE graft), and the contralateral carotid arteries received sham operations (Control group). The 21 rabbits were allocated into three groups according so that the carotid artery grafts could be harvested at 1, 8, and 14 weeks, respectively. There were 14 patent carotid bypass grafts at harvest (4, 5, and 5 cases according to the postoperative period), and the studies were performed on those patent grafts. Intimal hyperplasia was defined by the intima-to- media height ratio (IMHR). The mRNA expression of TGF-beta1 was determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: The IMHR in the PTFE graft groups increased as time went by from 1 to 14 weeks (p<0.01). The mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1 in PTFE grafts were higher than those in the controls at 1 and 8 weeks (p<0.05). According to sequential changes in the PTFE grafts, the expressions of TGF-beta1 were highest at 8 weeks and lowest at 14 weeks (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that TGF-beta1 is closely related with intimal hyperplasia in vascular bypass graft until 8 weeks after PTFE graft anastomosis.
Carotid Arteries* ; Cell Proliferation ; Hyperplasia* ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Polytetrafluoroethylene* ; Rabbits ; RNA, Messenger* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1* ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Pyelonephritis is one of the major causes of chronic renal failure in children, and the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a molecule with pivotal roles in fibrogenesis. This study was performed to investigate the alteration and clinical implications of urinary TGF-beta1/creatinine ratio in children with acute pyelonephritis. METHODS: Urine was collected from 67 normal children and 25 children with acute pyelonephritis. After routine urinalysis, urine TGF-beta1 was quantitated by ELISA method and creatinine was measured by alkaline picrate method. Urinary TGF-beta1/ creatinine ratios in children with pyelonephritis were compared with those of age-matched controls, and sequential changes of the ratios in pyelonephritic children were traced after antibiotic treatment. Correlation of urinary TGF-beta1/creatinine ratio with the degree of pyuria and renal scar was analyzed each. RESULTS: Neonates showed higher urinary TGF-beta1/creatinine ratios than older children. The ratio increased in acute pyelonephritis and gradually returned to the control level two days after antibiotic treatment. Urinary TGF-beta1/creatinine ratio in acute pyelonephritis was not correlated with the degree of pyuria and renal scar. CONCLUSION: The age should be considered in evaluation of urinary TGF-beta1/creatinine ratio in children. The ratio increases in acute pyelonephritis, and is independent of the degree of pyuria or renal scarring.
Child ; Cicatrix ; Creatinine ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Pyelonephritis* ; Pyuria ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Urinalysis

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of synchronous colonic lesions and to identify the impact of an incomplete preoperative colonoscopy in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: We studied 187 patients with colorectal cancer who received colonoscopic examinations pre or postoperatively in our hospital from January 2000 to March 2002. The pre and postoperative colonoscopic findings were reviewed. Most post-operative colonoscopies were performed 12 months after the operation, but in cases of incomplete pre-operative examination, they were performed at 6 months. We analyzed the incidence of synchronous lesions of the colon and the rectum and then compared the findings for complete and incomplete pre-operative examinations. RESULTS: Complete pre-operative colonoscopic examinations were performed in 152 patients, but in 35 patients, the colonoscopy was performed incompletely. Twenty-two of these 35 patients had obstructive colorectal cancer. In the complete examination group, 23 patients had synchronous lesions preoperatively; 20 cases were benign, and 3 cases were malignant. By postoperative colonoscopic examination, 27 patients had synchronous polyps. In 19 of the 27, the polyps had not been detected preoperatively. The incidence of synchronous lesions in the complete examination group was 27.6% (42/152), and the incidence of synchronous cancer was 2.0% (3/152). In the incomplete examination group, the incidence of synchronous lesions was 37.1% (13/35), and the incidence of malignancy was 2.9% (1/35). The incidence of synchronous lesions in the preoperative incomplete examination group was higher than it was in the complete examination group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.161). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, the incidence of synchronous lesions with colorectal cancer patients was 29.4%, and the incidence of malignancy was 2.1%, these are similar to figures in others reports. Patients with an incomplete preoperative entire-colon examinations should have immediate postoperative colonoscopy.
Colon* ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Polyps ; Rectum