No abstract available.
Rectal Prolapse* ; Surgical Procedures, Operative*

BACKGROUND: The differentiation between hemorrhagic(HS) and norhemorrhagic(NHS) stroke is the most important first step in the management of acute stroke because clinical management of the two disorders differs substantially. Neuroimaging studies are useful in diagnosing and distinctioning between HS and NHS. The use of clinical variables, such as Siriraj stroke scores(SSS), has led to good sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of the SSS in the Korean population and assess whether it could aid to expedite treatment decisions. METHODS: We reviewed 111 cases of stroke patients admitted to our hospital via the emergency department over a 6 months period from July to December 1998. Levels of consciousness, vomiting, headache, and atheroma markers used in the SSS were applied to these patients who met the criteria for a stroke. RESULTS: Of the 111 patients, the SSS classified 83 with sensitivities of 81.1%(NHS) and 73.3%(HS) and positive predictive values of 84.3% and 68.8%, respectively. The overall accuracy rate was 78.3%. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the SSS is not reliable in distinguishing stroke types in the Korean population. Definite neuroimaging studies are needed prior to thrombolytic therapy.
Consciousness ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Headache ; Humans ; Neuroimaging ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stroke* ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Incidence of traumatic hip dislocation have ween increased with development of transportation. Traumatic hip dislocation demands early recognition as an emergency and prompt reduction. So we designed this study to determine what kinds of factors affect the prognosis of the patient. METHODS: Eighty five patients who admitted emergency department of our hospital with the traumatic hip dislocation were enrolled in this study. Cause of injury, type of dislocation, method of reduction, the time from dislocation to reduction, age, gender and associated patellar injury were evaluated by retrospective chart reviews. RESULTS: Average age of excellent and good group(E&G) is 28+/-17.8 and fair and poor group(F&P) is 39+/-18.6, so the older the age the more poor prognosis(P<0.05). The time to take reduction of E&G group is 18+/-8.2 hours and F&P group is 25+/-12.6 hours, so the faster the better prognosis(P<0.05). We classify the type of hip dislocation by Thompson and Epstein method, type I to type V. The prognosis of type I is better than type V(P<0.05). Fifty five case were associated with patellar injury and they had poor prognosis than the other cases that were not associated with knee joint injury. CONCLUSION: In traumatic dislocated hip patients, the prognosis was poor in old age, delay in reduction, higher type of dislocation and associated with knee joint injury.
Dislocations ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hip Dislocation* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee Joint ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transportation

No abstract available.
Rabbits ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Venous Thrombosis*

No abstract available.
Bronchi* ; Bronchogenic Cyst* ; Trachea*

The word "Delayed" in the legend of Figure 2 should have been written as "Controls."

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the transmission of respiratory viruses other than severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among children during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed the clinical and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) findings using electronic medical records of children (< 18 years) with fever or respiratory symptoms who were hospitalized via the emergency department of Wonkwang University Hospital (Iksan, Korea), from March 2018 through December 2021. The children were divided into before and after groups based on the hospitalization date relative to February 2020, starting point of the implementation of NPIs. PCR was performed using nasopharyngeal swab samples. Between the 2 groups, we compared age, sex, length of hospital stay, and PCR findings. Results: The before and after groups consisted of 3,160 and 989, respectively, showing a 68.7% decrease in the number of children undergoing PCRs after the implantation of NPIs. The after group showed higher median values of the age and length of hospital stay than the before group (Ps < 0.001). A 76.9% decrease was noted in the number of children having PCR positivities (from 1,101 [34.8%] to 254 [25.7%]; P < 0.001). Among detected viruses, an increase in the proportion was noted only in human bocavirus (from 81 [2.6%] to 54 [5.5%]; P < 0.001). In contrast, significant decreases in the proportions were found in adenovirus, enterovirus, influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial viruses A and B, human coronaviruses (229E, NL63, and OC43) and human metapneumovirus. Conclusion NPIs may be effective in reducing the transmission of respiratory viruses other than severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among children during the pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery spasm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of not only variant angina but also other forms of angina,acute myocardial infarction, and sudden death. However precise mechanisms by which coronary spasms occur remains unknown. The role of increased coronary artery tone as a part of pathogenesis of conary spasm and relation to the severity of coronary artery disease are still controversial. Thus we underwent this study to investigate the role of increased coronary artery tone as a part of pathogenesis of conary spasm and realtion to the severity of coronary artery disease. METHODS: Intracoronary acetylcholine and isosorbide dintrate were used as a spasm-provocative agent and vasodilator respectively. We analyzed 176 vessels(69 right coronary artery, 58 left anterior descending coronary artery, 49 left circumflex coronary artery) of 75 patients admitted for evaluation of chest pain syndrome. Among the 176 vessels, spasm occurred in 39 vessels of 25 patients. RESULTS: 1)Coronary artery spasm occured in 30.4%(21/69), 17.2%(10/58), 16.3%(8/49) of right coronary artery, left anterior descending coronary artery, left circumflex coronary artery respectively. 2) There is no relationship between angiographically visible minimal coronary artery disease and occurrence of spasm provoked by acetylcholine. 3) There was no significant difference of coronary risk factor predicting coronary spasm between two groups. 4) There is more significant % vasodilation by isosorbide dintrate(ISDDN) occurred din both the spastic and nonspastic arterial segment of vasospastic angina group than no spasm group(30.2%, 28.4% vs 14.2%, p<0.05). 5) Degree of % vasodilation by ISDN was more significantly larger in vasospastic angina group than no spasm group despite the presence of same amount of angiographically visible minimal coronary artery disease(38.3% vs 12.5%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggests that the occurrence of conronary artery spasm is not related to minimal coronary artery disease. Increased coronary artery tone observed only in vasospastic angina group may be part of pathogenesis of coronary spasm.
Acetylcholine* ; Arteries ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Isosorbide ; Muscle Spasticity ; Myocardial Infarction ; Risk Factors ; Spasm ; Vasodilation

Pacemaker malfunctions are secondary to alterations of the preset pacing rate, irregular pacing failure of sensing, failure of cardiac capture or depolarization, and various combinations of these events. A 76 years old male patients was admitted due to pacemaker malfunction. 2 years ago, he was diagnosed as complete atrioventricular block. And then bipolar permanent pacemaker was implanted. Since then syncopal attack developed repetitivly. 12 lead ECG and 24 hour holter moniter monitoring, revealed pacing and sensing failure, thus we converted bipolar system into unipolar system. since then syncopal attack did not developed again.
Atrioventricular Block* ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male