This study was conducted to evaluate the workers' health conditions, nutritional status, food habits, and their needs for the nutrition programs at the worksite. Three hundred and fifty one(men 260, women 91) employees from 11 companies in urban area were recruited for the study. The results of this study were as follows : The average consumption of nutrients in the subjects' diets were found to be deficient such as total energy, calcium, iron, vitamin A and B2. More than 42% of the subjects have at least one of the chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes mellitus, anemia, hypercholesterolemia, liver disease, and hypertension. Most subjects did not recognize their own blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure, or blood sugar level. Nutrition knowledge scores of the subjects were very low, which was only 52.4%. It should be noted that weight problems and other health problems of the employees at the worksite were frequently found among the employees who had relatively low nutrition knowledge scores. The nutrition programs for prevention of the obeses, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, stress, and smoking were urgently needed by the subjects. Many subjects also wanted the nutrition education programs for their family.
Anemia ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium ; Cholesterol ; Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diet ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertension ; Iron ; Korea* ; Liver Diseases ; Nutritional Status* ; Obesity ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vitamin A ; Workplace

BACKGROUND: Ureteral stone(UTS) and acute pyelonephritis are the most common causes of nontraumatic acute flank pain in adults. Urography(IVU) is known as the most ideal diagnostic modality of obstructive uropathy to date. However, it has many practical limitations in overcrowding Korean emergency department to perform IVU as the diagnostic test of UTS. So we have performed prospective analytic study to compare IVU with its alternative diagnostic modalities. METHOD AND RESULTS: Our study was performed at Asan Medical Center from March, 1998 to July, 1999. We performed urinalysis, KUB, grayscale ultrasonography, and IVU in 243 patients, suspected to have UTS, based on histories, physical examination. After excluding patients with undetermined results(n=7) or spontaneous passage of stone before IVU(n=24), 212 patients were enrolled in our study. All of the other diagnostic tests were performed within one hour after emergency room presentation except IVU (53+/-24 hours). Diagnostic agreement among tests are as follows: Urinalysis shows good agreements with KUB(0.53) and IVU(0.62). KUB shows good agreement with IVU(0.48). Ultrasonography shows good agreement with IVU(0.58). Sensitivity(%), specificity(%), positive predicitive value(%), negative predicitive value(%), accuracy(%), and odds ratio of each diagnostic methods are as follows: Urinalysis is 91, 19, 78, 42, 74, 3.88; KUB is 55, 33, 72, 19, 50, 2.49; ultrasonography is 58, 92, 96, 41, 66, 45.61, and IVU is 81, 96, 98, 62, 84, 107.72. CONCLUSION: Although IVU seems to be the most ideal diagnostic modality for the UTS to date, it takes too long time for emergency physicians to confirm the diagnostic using IVU. We can performed other diagnostic modalities within one hour. However, emergency physicians suffer from poor diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, it is concluded that we are in need of more accurate alternative diagnostic modalities for UTS.
Adult ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Pyelonephritis ; Ultrasonography* ; Ureter* ; Urinalysis

There is a variation in the range of normal occlusion, and we must fit our treatment to the needs of each patient. If the upper or lower incisors are congenitally missing, malformed, or crowded, the extraction of the incisor has some advantages over the extraction of premolars and nonextractions. The advantages are l) simple mechanics, 2) reduced treatment time, 3) less relapse tendency, and 4) fewer facial profile changes. In order to decide which incisor should be extracted, we must consider certain factors: l) discrepancies in anterior arch length, 2) anterior tooth ratio, 3) periodontal and tooth health condition, and 4) the relationship between the upper and lower midline. Diagnostic set-up can be helpful to plan the treatment and show us the post treatment result.
Bicuspid ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Mechanics ; Recurrence ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this article was to identify the risk factors related to development of hemodynamically significant cardiac arrythmias in patients with mechanical ventilation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Holter recording and echocardiogram were performed after 30 minutes of ventilator initiation in patients on mechanical ventilation(MV) owing to respiratory failure(RF) from various reasons. From 68 patients, hemodynamically significant cardiac arrythmias were detected in 18 patients(26.5%). Initial mean arterial pressure, maximal heart rate, and initial pH were identified as risk factors for hemodynamically significant cardiac arrythmias. Additionally, the patients with pressure-controlled ventilation as an initial ventilatory mode developed hemodynamically significant cardiac arrythmias less frequently than the patients with other modes(15.8% vs. 40%, p=0.03). In multivariate analysis, initial mean arterial pressure(<70mmHg, odds ratio[OR]:5.5;95% confidence interval[CI]:1.2 to 24.2, p=0.026), maximal heart rate(>120/min, OR:19.7;95% CI:2.0 to 190.0, p=0.01), and pressure-controlled ventilation(OR:0.13,95% CI:0.03 to 0.55, p=0.006) were associated with the development of hemodynamically significant cardiac arrhythmias. CONCLUSION: Theses findings suggest that during the early stages of mechanical ventilation with acute respiratory failure, hemodynamically significant cardiac arrhythmias are directly associated with tachycardia(>120/min), initial MAP(<70mmHg), and, inversely, the initial use of pressure-controlled ventilation.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Arterial Pressure ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Multivariate Analysis ; Respiration, Artificial* ; Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Risk Factors* ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Malformations of umbilicus are a feature of many dysmorphic syndromes and the measurement of periumbilical skin length should be considered as the basic step in the description of the umbilical malformations. So, we measured the periumbilical skin length in the 103 normal neonates and obtained the following results. 1) The means (+SD) of the periumbilical skin length were the 11.7mm (+3.0) in the cranial site and the 8.2mm (+2.5) in the caudal site, and the cranial length was 3.5mm longer than the caudal length. 2) No difference was observed between the male and female groups in the periumbilical skin length. 3) Age was the only statistically significant variable associated with the periumbilical skin length and it was observed that the periumbilical skin length decreased according to the advance of age (hour).
Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Reference Values* ; Skin* ; Umbilicus

No abstract available.
Fruit* ; Pregnancy*

In the case of a soft tissue defect which requires thin & pliable tissues, the choice of donor site is limited due to flap bulkiness and donor site morbidity. To overcome these problems, a variety of perforator-based flaps such as paraspinous and parasacral perforator flap, deep inferior epigastric perforator flap, gluteal perforator flap, and thoracodorsal artery perforator flap have recently been introduced. We experienced 8 cases of soft tissue defects from December 1996 to March 1999 using the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap for reconstruction. We could elevate the cutaneous flap with preservation of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap only when it was based on one cutaneous perforator. Defatting procedure was possible for further thinning of skin flap. In one case, axillary defect after release of postburn scar contracture was repaired with island perforator flap and the other seven cases were repaired with free flap. The results were satisfactory. We believe the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap is useful for reconstruction of soft tissue defects which are large or under conditions requiring thin flap.
Arteries* ; Cicatrix ; Contracture ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; Skin* ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Tissue Donors

The word "Delayed" in the legend of Figure 2 should have been written as "Controls."

No abstract available.
Bronchiolitis* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of suction drain use following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by comparing early pain score and range of motion (ROM) between groups with and without suction drains. METHODS: The study included 153 patients with rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic repairs at our clinic from April 2014 to March 2015. Following surgery, a suction drain was used in 85 patients (group D) and not used in 68 patients (group ND). There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, or total operation time. The clinical outcome with regard to pain (assessed by pain scores and analgesic requests) and passive ROM was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: Immediate postoperative analgesic requirement was significantly higher in group D (p=0.001), although there was no difference in pain outcomes between the groups during the 3-month follow-up period. A statistically significant difference in passive ROM was observed at the postoperative 2- and 6-week follow-ups (p=0.036, 0.035, and 0.034 in forward elevation (FE), external rotation at the side (ER) and 90 ER at weeks 2, respectively; 0.045 and 0.009 in FE and ER at weeks 6, respectively); however no significant difference was observed at the end of 3 months. During the study period, no complication was reported in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Use of suction drains after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair provided little benefit in terms of ROM or pain in the early postoperative period (up to 3 months).
Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rotator Cuff* ; Shoulder ; Suction* ; Tears