No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

PURPOSE: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and sleep problems are prevalent in infancy and early childhood and are more associated with poor cognitive, motor, and social-emotional development. The aim of this study was to access the relationship between IDA and sleep disorders in a population of Korean children <36 months. METHODS: One hundred and ninety six children, who visited the outpatient clinic for a routine check-up were consecutively enrolled from March 2011 to March 2012. All parents answered a questionnaire about sleep patterns of their children using a modified expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Among the subjects, 93 children with strong evidence of sleep disordered breathing were excluded. Hundred three children were then divided into the IDA group (n=23) and the control group (n=80). Sleep-wake parameters and prevalence of sleep disturbances were compared between the two groups. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for sleep disturbances in children. RESULTS: Children with IDA had more frequent nocturnal waking, restless sleep, and inconsolable crying during sleep than those in the control. Children with IDA also had more inappropriate sleep onset associations. No difference in sleep-wake parameters was observed between the two groups. The presence of IDA in children and maternal anemia were significant independent risk factors for sleep disturbances in children <36 months. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that prevention, early detection, and treatment of IDA would be important for good sleep in young children <36 months.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Child ; Crying ; Humans ; Infant ; Iron ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parents ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Wake Disorders

PURPOSE: Soft tissue reconstruction of a defect around the foot and ankle is a particularly challenging procedure due to the anatomical and functional characteristics of this area. Hence, only a limited number of treatment options are available. Moreover, if patients wish to avoid additional scars on the ipsilateral lower leg for cosmetic reasons, even fewer options are available for treatment. The authors used an anterolateral thigh perforator flap for soft tissue defects in this area, when other surgical options were inadequate. The aim of this study was to report the clinical results and the efficacy of this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen cases of soft tissue defects around the foot and ankle were included. Participants included 12 male and 4 female subjects, and the mean age was 34 years. The most common cause of defect was acute trauma, and the average follow-up period was 33 months. Flap survival time, surgical complications, and ambulation status at the final follow-up stage were evaluated. RESULTS: All 16 flaps successfully survived, except for one case with partial flap necrosis that was thought to be due to weight bearing earlier than scheduled. All patients were able to walk independently without any aid at the final follow-up stage. No patients showed other significant surgical complications. CONCLUSION: The anterolateral thigh perforator flap is a good alternative for soft tissue defects of the foot and ankle, when other options are not applicable. This study also demonstrated that surgery using an anterolateral thigh perforator flap is safe and highly reliable.
Ankle* ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot* ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Necrosis ; Operative Time ; Perforator Flap* ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Thigh* ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare condition characterized by multiple pneumocysts in the submucosa or subserosa of the bowel. Here, we report a rare case of asymptomatic PI after chemotherapy induction in an 18-yr-old man with B lymphoblastic leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities. The patient was treated conservatively and recovered without complications. The possibility of PI should be considered as a complication during or after chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. Conservative treatment should be considered unless there are complications, including peritonitis, bowel perforation, and severe sepsis.
Adolescent ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Peritonitis ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Sepsis

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that early prescription of statin might enhance the vascular protection in acute atherothrombosis by its various mechanisms. However, until now, there has been little information about the serial changes of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), one of the notable inflammatory markers in atherothrombosis, by early prescription of statin in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: We retrospectively collected one hundred eighteen (118) patients with acute ischemic stroke who had conformed to the Atherosclerotic Stroke Mechanism Algorithm (ASMA), one of the guidelines for statin, and evaluated the effects of Atorvastatin 20 mg on the changes of hs-CRP levels and clinical severity at 7 days and 30 days after ischemic events. RESULTS: Among the 118 patients who should have been prescribed statin on the ASMA guideline, sixty-three patients (53.4%) used the statin (Atorvastatin 20 mg) within 48 hrs after admission. Serum concentration of hs-CRP levels was decreased from admission to 30 days later in both statin and non-statin users. Particularly, its extent was significant (0.39+/-0.74 vs 0.75+/-0.98 mg%, p=0.042) after 30 days of ischemic events in statin users. Statin users had lower mortality and vascular recurrence (p=0.083) and fewer bad prognosis rates (27.7% vs. 34.5%) compared to non-statin users over 30 dyas after ischemic events, although there was no statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that early prescription of statin (Atorvastatin 20 mg) might regulate the inflammatory activity over 30 days after acute ischemic stroke.
C-Reactive Protein* ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Inflammation ; Mortality ; Prescriptions ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke* ; Atorvastatin Calcium

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the surface morphology of the implant neck on marginal bone stress measured by using finite element analysis in six implant models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The submerged type rescue implant system (Dentis co., Daegu, Korea) was selected as an experimental model. The implants were divided into six groups whose implant necks were differently designed in terms of height (h, 0.4 and 1.0 mm) and width (platform width, w = 3.34 + 2b [b, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mm]). Finite element models of implant/bone complex were created using an axisymmetric scheme. A load of 100 N was applied to the central node on the top of crown in parallel with the implant axis. The maximum compression stress was calculated and compared. RESULTS: Stress concentration commonly observed around dental implants did not occur in the marginal bone around all six test implant models. Marginal bone stress varied according to the implant neck bevel which had different width and height. The stress was affected more markedly by the difference in height than in width. CONCLUSION: This result indicates that the implant neck bevel may play an important role in improving stress distribution in the marginal bone area.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Crowns ; Dental Implants ; Finite Element Analysis ; Models, Theoretical ; Neck

Decreased number of the Neuropeptide-Y[NPY] immunoreactive neurons in the corpus striatum and primary motor cortex of aged rat was detected by the immunohistochemical method. The animals were categorized into control and aged group and we used 10 Sprague-Dawley rat weighing 250-300gm for control group. 10 Sprague-Dawley rat weighing over 600gm for aged group. The number of NPY-immunoreactive neurons in corpus striatum and primary motor cortex were counted under the light microscope and the following results were obtained. 1. The NPY-immunoreactive neurons were evenly distributed in corpus striatum and in the primaty motor cortex, the NPY-immunoreactive neurons were concentrated within the layer II, III and layer V, VI. The typical NPY-immunoreactive perikarya was multipolar shape. 2. Decreased number of NPY-immunoreactive neurons were detected in some areas of corpus striatum and primary mortor cortex of the aged rat. 3. Decrease of NPY-immunoreactive neurons were most prominent in the caudate-putamen and there were moderate decrease of NPY-immunoreactive neurons in the primary motor cortex, mild decrease of NPY-immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus accumbens but the NPY-immunoreactive neurons were not observed in the globus pallidus in both control and aged rat. NPY is supposed to act as a neurotransmitter of local circuit neurons in the striatum and may exert its potent vasoconstrictor effects on cerebral vessels which influences on the microcirculation of cerebral cortex and striatum. So our results seems to provide an important data on change of the function in the striatum and primary motor cortex of aged rat brain.
Aging ; Animals ; Brain ; Cerebral Cortex ; Corpus Striatum* ; Globus Pallidus ; Microcirculation ; Motor Cortex ; Neurons* ; Neuropeptide Y* ; Neuropeptides* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Nucleus Accumbens ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness, easiness, postoperative complications between tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and Burch colposuspension (BC) in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: A retrospective study of 77 cases with stress urinary incontinence at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Pochon CHA University Medical College from January 2000 to December 2002, followed up more than 6 months. All of 77 cases were above grade 2 genuine stress urinary incontinence, 37 cases were performed tension-free vaginal tape, 40 cases were performed Burch colposuspension. RESULTS: Cure rate was 91.4% in the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) group, 90% in the Burch colposuspension group. The mean operative time for TVT was 23.4 minutes and for Burch colposuspension was 47.2 minutes. The mean hospital stay in TVT was 1.8 days and in Burch colposuspension was 5.2 days. The incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The cure rates of TVT were comparable with Burch colposuspension in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. And the incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. Moreover TVT is simple procedure more than Burch colposuspension.
Female* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Obstetrics ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urology

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness, easiness, postoperative complications between tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and Burch colposuspension (BC) in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: A retrospective study of 77 cases with stress urinary incontinence at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Pochon CHA University Medical College from January 2000 to December 2002, followed up more than 6 months. All of 77 cases were above grade 2 genuine stress urinary incontinence, 37 cases were performed tension-free vaginal tape, 40 cases were performed Burch colposuspension. RESULTS: Cure rate was 91.4% in the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) group, 90% in the Burch colposuspension group. The mean operative time for TVT was 23.4 minutes and for Burch colposuspension was 47.2 minutes. The mean hospital stay in TVT was 1.8 days and in Burch colposuspension was 5.2 days. The incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The cure rates of TVT were comparable with Burch colposuspension in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. And the incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. Moreover TVT is simple procedure more than Burch colposuspension.
Female* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Obstetrics ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urology

A case of gonadoblastoma with dysgerminoma and choriocarcinoma in the right ovary of a 23-year-old woman is reported. A case of gonadoblastoma without a Y chromosome is very rare. She had a 46XX chromosomes, normal genitalia, no history of menstrual irregularities, thereby differing from the other reproted case. The patient had a normal term pregnancy 2 years after surgery and chemotherapy. It is suggested that gonadoblastoma may occur in functionally and morphologically normal gonads. There have been no signs of recurrence or metastasis for 3 years after the first operation.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Drug Therapy ; Dysgerminoma* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Gonadoblastoma* ; Gonads ; Humans ; Karyotype* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy ; Recurrence ; Y Chromosome ; Young Adult