No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

The purpose of this study was to define the optimum dose of lidocaine required to reduced pain on injection of diazepam. We conducted a prospective, randomized trial on l20 patients undergoing anesthesia. patients were allocated to four groups according to the lidocaine do sage: group A(control), no lidocaine; group B, lidocaine 0.1 mg/kg; group C, lidocaine 0.2 mg/kg; group D, lidocaine 0.4 mg/kg. our results sbowed that a dose of lidocaine 0.4 mg/kg significa ntly reduced the incidence of pain.
Anesthesia ; Diazepam* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine* ; Prospective Studies

The development of endotracheal tubes with high-volume and low-pressure cuffs has decreas ed the incidence of associated tracheal injury. If room air used for inflation of the cuff during general anesthesia using N2O-O2, mixtures, however, endotracheal tube cuff result in distention and potential pressure changes. Therefore, tracheal pressure injury may occur during long general anesthesia(especially, head and neck surgery). For the prevention of this problems and the determination of proper methods, we performed this study relating to nitrous oxide diffusion into a gas filled endotracheal tube cuff.
Anesthesia, General ; Diffusion ; Head ; Incidence ; Inflation, Economic ; Neck ; Nitrous Oxide*

Efforts from various approaches have been made to anesthetize myasthenic patients associated with thymoma and, on a ehoice of kinds and dosage of the muscle relaxants, there were considerable solicitude of the anesthesiologist. In recent years, intermediate aeting none depolarizing muscle relaxants were developed and its use tends to increase. we used with the divided dose administration of small amount vecuronium and observed the degree of relaxation using peripheral nerve stimulator for endotracheal intubation and maintenance of anesthesia. On the basis of our experience, we would like to recommand techniques that administrate the divided dose of small amount vecuronium as a musde relaxant and use peripheral nerve stimulator during general anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; beta-Aminoethyl Isothiourea ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents ; Peripheral Nerves ; Relaxation ; Thymectomy* ; Thymoma* ; Vecuronium Bromide

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hemofiltration* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hemofiltration* ; Humans

Nitric oxide (NO), the production of which is dependent on Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), has been shown to contribute to pathogeneses in various diseases. Recent investigations of NOS expression in tumor tissues indicate that NO may mediate one or more roles during the growth of human cancers. The aim of this study was to determine whether iNOS is expressed in human colon carcinoma cell lines and to determine the types of NOS isozymes in colon carcinoma cell lines with high and low metastatic potentials. METHODS: We measured the expressions of iNOS and eNOS and the formation of nitrotyrosine which indicates peroxinitrate production in highly metastatic colon cancer cell (KM1214) and lowly metastatic colon cancer cell (KM12C) by Western blots. RESULTS: The iNOS were detected in both KM1214 and KM12C by Western blot analysis. The expression of iNOS in KM1214 cells was significantly higher than in KM12C cells. The expression of iNOS was increased with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in colon cancer cells but the rate of increase was higher in KM1214 cells than in KM12C cells. CONCLUSIONS: In human colon carcinoma cells, iNOS is expressed in cancer cells and expression of iNOS is higher in highly metastatic colon cancer cells than in lowly metastatic colon cancer cells and iNOS expression may have some role in colon cancer metastasis.
Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Humans* ; Isoenzymes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase* ; Nitric Oxide*

BACKGROUND: During the last three decades, the resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin has been rapidly increasing in many parts of the world, especially in Korea. To characterize the clinical features and epidemiology of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) infections in the community and hospital, as well as to investigate the possible spread of resistant clone, we performed the antimicrobial susceptibility tests, pulsed filed gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profile analysis of PRSP isolates. METHODS: A total 48 PRSP isolates from patients who visited or were admitted to Korea University Guro hospital during the period form July 1998 to June 1999 were studied. Anitimicrobial susceptibility tests for 48 isolates were performed with microbroth dilution method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of 11 antibiotics. 39 isolates and 35 isolates were subjected to PFGE and PBP profile analysis, respectively to investigate the genetic relatedness between PRSP isolates. RESULTS: Pneumonia was most common site of infection in the community and the hospital as 50%. There were no significant differences of clinical features and prognosis between community and hospital isolates. But, patients with serious underlying diseases had poor prognosis despite of acquisition site. High level penicillin resistance were observed in 69%, multi-drug resistance were 64.6% of isolates. PFGE showed that 13 of 29 community acquired infection were identical PFGE pattern but not that of 23F Spanish clone. There were various PFGE patterns were observed from community and hospital acquired infection isolates. Some of them were existed in both. PBP profiles showed more diverse, even if in isoaltes of the same PFGE pattern. CONCLUSOIN: In our study, high level penicillin resistance and multi-drug resistance were observed in PRSP clinical isolates. No clinical and prognostic differeces were observed between community and hospital acquired infections. Molecular epidemiology study were suggest the there were various genotypes of PRSP within our society. Some of them were observed in the hospital and community. Therefore, there was an evidence of communication of PRSP clones between the community and hospital.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Clone Cells ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Electrophoresis ; Epidemiology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Korea ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Penicillin Resistance ; Penicillin-Binding Proteins ; Penicillins ; Pneumonia ; Prognosis ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus*

No abstract available.
Anemia ; Gaucher Disease* ; Humans ; Siblings* ; Thrombocytopenia

Teratomas of the central nervous system are rare and are frequently found in children and young adults. Cystic teratomas found in infancy is a well-recognized but infrequent entity. Intracranial teratomas,like teratomas in general, tend to arise from midline structures such as the pineal gland, but has rarely been found in the third ventricle. We report a rare case of a 6-month-old infant with a mature cystic teratoma of the third ventricle with a review of literatures
Central Nervous System ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Pineal Gland ; Teratoma* ; Third Ventricle* ; Young Adult