No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Melanoma*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Trans-obturator tape (TOT) in the surgical treatment of stress incontinence and analyze the postoperative clinical outcome. METHODS: Between August 2004 and September 2005, females diagnosed as having stress incontinence (pure or mixed) were operated on using TOT. Eighty cases with more than three-month follow-up period were included for this study. RESULTS: Patient age ranged from 28 to 74 years (mean, 58). After surgical treatment using TOT, 74 cases (92.5%) of stress incontinence showed complete recovery, 4 cases (5%) showed partial recovery, and 2 cases (2.5%) were unchanged without further functional deterioration. Urgency in the mixed incontinence was improved in 30 in 36 cases (83.3%) and frequency was changed for the better in 20 of 27 cases (62.9%). The mean operation time was 14.3 minutes and the mean hospital stay was six hours. Postoperative evaluation with cystoscope was unnecessary. The postoperative complication rate was 10% (8/80). Postoperative wound bleeding occurred in one case and intraoperative bladder perforation happened in one case. Postoperative transient urgency was developed in one case and postoperative transient frequency developed in three cases. Two patients complained of weak urinary stream. CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment using TOT is thought to be a safe and efficient means for the outpatient management of stress incontinence. And also, this method appears to have an effect on urgency and frequency.
Cystoscopes ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Outpatients ; Postoperative Complications ; Rivers ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Bladder ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
PUVA Therapy* ; Telangiectasis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effect of a cultural competency promotion program for nurses in obstetrics-gynecology and pediatrics. METHODS: The cultural competency promotion program was developed through the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) steps. In this quasi-experimental study, 30 nurses in obstetrics-gynecology and pediatrics were assigned to the experimental group and 34 nurses were assigned to the control group. The experimental group received this program once a week for four weeks and each class lasted one hour. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, chi2-test and Fisher's exact test with the IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 program. RESULTS: After attending the program, cultural competency (t=8.30, p<.001) increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. There were also significant differences between two groups in cultural awareness (t=7.53, p<.001), cultural attitude (t=6.41, p<.001), and cultural knowledge & skills (t=7.79, p<.001) as components of cultural competency. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that this cultural competency program is effective and efficient for nurses in obstetrics-gynecology and pediatrics and can help nurses provide appropriate multicultural nursing care in multicultural society.
Cultural Competency* ; Nursing Care ; Pediatrics* ; Program Development

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the quality of online health information related to infants and preschoolers accessible through mobile applications and websites. METHODS: Using combinations of the terms 'infant', 'preschooler', and 'health' as the main keyword or categories, the researchers searched relevant mobile applications and websites in Korean application markets and popular search engines. Twelve mobile application and 14 websites were finally selected according to our inclusion criteria and evaluated using DISCERN instrument. RESULTS: The overall quality score of online health information available through mobile applications was 2.00 of 5 points, the reliability score was 2.15, and the quality score was 1.76. The overall quality score of online health information available through websites was 2.29, the reliability score was 2.40, and the quality score was 1.82. CONCLUSION: The quality of online health information related to young children was found to be low and to have potentially significant drawbacks according to DISCERN criteria. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a system to evaluate and regulate the quality of online health information. Additionally, factors that readers can use to judge the quality of health information, such as references and the benefit versus risks of the information, should be provided.
Child ; Consumer Health Information ; Humans ; Infant ; Internet ; Mobile Applications ; Search Engine

Isolated abducens nerve paresis related to ruptured vertebral artery (VA) aneurysm is rare. It usually occurs bilaterally or ipsilaterally to the pathologic lesions. We report the case of a contralateral sixth nerve palsy following ruptured dissecting VA aneurysm. A 38-year-old man was admitted for the evaluation of a 6-day history of headache. Abnormalities were not seen on initial computed tomography (CT). On admission, the patient was alert and no signs reflecting neurologic deficits were noted. Time of flight magnetic resonance angiography revealed a fusiform dilatation of the right VA involving origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The patient suddenly suffered from severe headache with diplopia the day before the scheduled cerebral angiography. Neurologic examination disclosed nuchal rigidity and isolated left abducens nerve palsy. Emergent CT scan showed high density in the basal and prepontine cistern compatible with ruptured aneurismal hemorrhage. Right vertebral angiography illustrated a right VA dissecting aneurysm with prominent displaced vertebrobasilar artery to inferiorly on left side. Double-stent placement was conducted for the treatment of ruptured dissecting VA aneurysm. No diffusion restriction signals were observed in follow-up magnetic resonance imaging of the brain stem. Eleven weeks later, full recovery of left sixth nerve palsy was documented photographically. In conclusion, isolated contralateral abducens nerve palsy associated with ruptured VA aneurysm may develop due to direct nerve compression by displaced verterobasilar artery triggered by primary thick clot in the prepontine cistern.
Abducens Nerve ; Abducens Nerve Diseases ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Brain Stem ; Cerebral Angiography ; Diffusion ; Dilatation ; Diplopia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Rigidity ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paresis ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vertebral Artery

Bilateral abducens nerve palsy related to ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) has only been reported in four patients. Three cases were treated by surgical clipping. No report has described the clinical course of the isolated bilateral abducens nerve palsy following ruptured ACoA aneurysm obliterated with coil. A 32-year-old man was transferred to our institution after three days of diplopia, dizziness and headache after the onset of a 5-minute generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Computed tomographic angiography revealed an aneurysm of the ACoA. Magnetic resonance imaging showed focal intraventricular hemorrhage without brain stem abnormalities including infarction or space-occupying lesion. Endovascular coil embolization was conducted to obliterate an aneurysmal sac followed by lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage. Bilateral paresis of abducens nerve completely recovered 9 weeks after ictus. In conclusion, isolated bilateral abducens nerve palsy associated with ruptured ACoA aneurysm may be resolved successfully by coil embolization and lumbar CSF drainage without directly relieving cerebrospinal fluid pressure by opening Lillequist's membrane and prepontine cistern.
Abducens Nerve ; Abducens Nerve Diseases ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Brain Stem ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Drainage ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Membranes ; Paresis ; Seizures ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Surgical Instruments

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine those factors which could contribute to the development of necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) in fullterm. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical record of 20 full-terms with NEC(> or = modified Bell's staging criteria IIa) who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Il Sin Christian hospital from January 1998 through July 2005, and for each case, the next 2 healthy newborns were matched as controls. RESULTS: Mean gestational age and birth weight in the fullterm with NEC group was 38.42 weeks and 2,915 g; in the healthy fullterm without NEC group, it was 38.61 weeks and 3,148 g. When compared with the control group, NEC infants had a significantly higher frequency of chorioamnionitis, protracted diarrhea. As for Apgar score at 1 min <7, respiratory problem, congenital heart disease. there were no differences in frequency of preeclampsia, maternal diabetes, maternal drug abuse, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, polycythemia or exchange transfusion. CONCLUSION: Most of these full term infants have a predisposing factor before developing NEC. Our study suggested that NEC in fullterm infants was significantly associated with protracted diarrhea, and congenital heart disease.
Amniotic Fluid ; Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Causality ; Chorioamnionitis ; Diarrhea ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Medical Records ; Polycythemia ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Substance-Related Disorders